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Henrique N. Cabral - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anomalous otoliths in juveniles of common sole,Solea Solea, and Senegal sole,Solea senegalensis
Marine Biology Research, 2014Co-Authors: Catarina Vinagre, Rachid Amara, Anabela Maia, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:AbstractThe otoliths of wild common sole, Solea Solea, and Senegal sole, Solea senegalensis, from the Tagus and the Douro estuaries, and captive S. senegalensis were examined for the detection of anomalies. The anomalies detected were granules of crystals, a dark coloration over the entire otolith, a dark mark concentric to the nucleus and multiple nuclei. A higher proportion of anomalies was found in wild individuals of these species (16–63%) than is usually reported for other species. Captive S. senegalensis exhibited an incidence of anomalies within the range previously reported for other species also reared in captivity. The oceanographic–climatic conditions of the Portuguese coast, which cause strong and abrupt changes in water temperature, salinity and mineral composition, may be an important factor contributing to or causing otolith anomalies. Heatwaves, intense solar radiation and anthropogenic pollution affecting the estuarine nursery grounds may also play an important role. However, more experim...
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Lipid‐based indicators of nutritional condition in juvenile sole Solea Solea
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2012Co-Authors: Vanessa F. Fonseca, Luís Narciso, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:Summary Effects of the feeding level on juvenile Solea Solea (Linnaeus, 1758) lipid-related indicators of nutritional condition were assessed in a 25-day trial experiment. Morphometric indices (K and HSI), liver lipid content and fatty acids (FA) clusters were good indicators of the feeding level, while individual FA showed highly dynamic variation patterns. Additionally, liver indices were more sensitive to feeding stress than were muscle measurements. HSI determination (and K) is fairly straightforward, with lower costs and simple procedures. Nevertheless, liver lipid content is also an important indicator of the feeding level and constitutes a direct measurement of food utilization and energy storage capacity. The individual variability and complex dynamics of FA with the feeding level are disadvantageous for use in FA analysis even for early-warning signals of feed limitation. Overall, S. Solea nutritional condition can be suitably assessed by morphometric indices and lipid content, especially considering liver measurements (HSI and liver lipid content), provided that the fish development stage is accounted for (i.e. gonad development and reproductive cycle).
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Comparative analysis of the diet, growth and reproduction of the soles, Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis , occurring in sympatry along the Portuguese coast
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2010Co-Authors: Célia M. Teixeira, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:Common sole, Solea Solea and Senegalese sole, S. senegalensis , were collected between January 2003 and June 2005 from commercial fishing vessels operating with gill-nets and bottom trawls along the Portuguese coast, to examine diet, age and growth and reproduction. Soles fed mainly on crustaceans, polychaetes and bivalves. Feeding activity was highest in summer, for males and for the largest individuals. Significant differences were found between the proportion of prey items according to season, sex and size-class. Common sole presented a wider dietary breadth compared to Senegalese sole. Dietary overlap between the two species was higher for the winter period and for females. Age of soles was determined from sagittae otoliths readings. The length of fish analysed varied between 187 mm and 462 mm (oldest fish 9 years), for S. Solea , and between 199 mm and 472 mm (oldest fish 8 years), for S. senegalensis . The von Bertalanffy growth equation coefficients differed between sexes. For both species, the asymptotic length L ∞ and growth coefficient k obtained for females were higher compared to those estimated for males. The highest values of the gonadosomatic index were obtained for the winter period, when the highest proportion of individuals at spawning stage was recorded.
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Ecophys.Fish perspectives on growth of juvenile soles, Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis, in the Tagus estuary, Portugal
Journal of Sea Research, 2009Co-Authors: Vanessa F. Fonseca, William H. Neill, John M. Miller, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:Abstract Ecophys.Fish, an ecophysiological framework to simulate fish growth in time-varying environments, was parameterized for two sole species, Solea Solea (Linnaeus, 1758) and Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858. The model gave reliable predictions of soles' growth and metabolic rates from published data under controlled environments. Differences in model parameters reflected specie's different environmental optima and were in accordance with their distributional range — northern range of S. Solea and a southern range of S. senegalensis . Field application of this model to resolve the effects of varying habitat conditions on juvenile soles' growth in the Tagus estuary (Portugal), during the spring–summer period from 2003 to 2006, highlighted spatial and temporal differences in soles' metabolic scope for growth and estimated growth rates. Higher growth estimates were obtained for S. Solea and S. senegalensis in Vila Franca de Xira during 2006, and for S. senegalensis in Alcochete during 2003, 2004 and 2006, and were fairly well explained by natural variation in abiotic conditions. Overall, the Ecophys.Fish model gave accurate field predictions of each sole species' growth rate and proved to be a useful tool for monitoring and assessment of habitat quality for juvenile sole.
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Prey consumption by the juvenile soles, Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis, in the Tagus estuary, Portugal
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2008Co-Authors: Catarina Vinagre, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:Abstract The soles Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis are marine flatfish that use coastal and estuarine nursery grounds, which generally present high food availability, refuge from predators and favourable conditions for rapid growth. Two important nursery grounds for these species juveniles have been identified in the Tagus estuary, one in the upper part of the estuary (nursery A) and another in the south bank (nursery B). While S. Solea is only present at the uppermost nursery area, S. senegalensis is present at both nurseries. Although they are among the most important predators in these nursery grounds, there are no estimates on their food consumption or on the carrying capacity of the system for soles. The Elliott and Persson [1978. The estimation of daily rates of food consumption for fish. Journal of Animal Ecology 47, 977–993] model was used to estimate food consumption of both species juveniles in both nursery areas, taking into account gastric evacuation rates (previously determined) and 24 h sampling surveys, based on beam-trawl catches carried out every 3 h, in the summer of 1995. Monthly beam trawls were performed to determine sole densities over the summer. Density estimates and daily food consumption values were used to calculate total consumption over the summer period. Sediment samples were taken for the estimation of prey densities and total biomass in the nursery areas. Daily food consumption was lower for S. Solea (0.030 g wet weight d −1 ) than for S. senegalensis (0.075 g wet weight d −1 ). It was concluded that thermal stress may be an important factor hindering S. Solea 's food consumption in the warmer months. Total consumption of S. Solea over the summer (90 days) was estimated to be 97 kg (wet weight). Solea senegalensis total consumption in nursery A was estimated to be 103 kg, while in nursery B it was 528 kg. Total prey biomass estimated for nursery A was 300 tonnes, while for nursery B it was 58 tonnes. This suggests that food is not a limiting factor for sole in the Tagus estuary. However it was concluded that more in-depth studies into the food consumption of other species and prey availability are needed in order to determine the carrying capacity of this system for sole juveniles.
Marc C. Verdegem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stocking density dependent growth of dover sole Solea Solea
Aquaculture, 2006Co-Authors: E Schram, J W Van Der Heul, A. Kamstra, Marc C. VerdegemAbstract:Dover sole were reared at 6 different stocking densities between 0.56 and 12.6 kg/m2 with duplicate tanks for each treatment. The experiment lasted for 55 days. Water quality effects on growth were minimised by making the flow rate per tank proportional to the feeding load. Individual initial and final weights were determined for all fishes to calculate the specific growth rate and the coefficient of variation within each culture tank. The specific growth rate of Dover sole significantly decreased with increasing stocking density. Mortality increased significantly with increasing stocking density. The difference between initial and final CV (?CV) increased with stocking density (P <0.06). A significant relation between stocking density and productivity was found. Productivity peaked at a stocking density of 7.4 kg/m2. The underlying mechanisms causing reduced average individual growth with increasing stocking densities are still poorly understood. Therefore, systematic behavioural studies focusing on the mechanisms causing depressed growth with increasing stocking density are recommended for future research.
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Stocking density-dependent growth of Dover sole (Solea Solea)
Aquaculture, 2006Co-Authors: E Schram, J W Van Der Heul, A. Kamstra, Marc C. VerdegemAbstract:Dover sole were reared at 6 different stocking densities between 0.56 and 12.6 kg/m2 with duplicate tanks for each treatment. The experiment lasted for 55 days. Water quality effects on growth were minimised by making the flow rate per tank proportional to the feeding load. Individual initial and final weights were determined for all fishes to calculate the specific growth rate and the coefficient of variation within each culture tank. The specific growth rate of Dover sole significantly decreased with increasing stocking density. Mortality increased significantly with increasing stocking density. The difference between initial and final CV (?CV) increased with stocking density (P
Catarina Vinagre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anomalous otoliths in juveniles of common sole,Solea Solea, and Senegal sole,Solea senegalensis
Marine Biology Research, 2014Co-Authors: Catarina Vinagre, Rachid Amara, Anabela Maia, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:AbstractThe otoliths of wild common sole, Solea Solea, and Senegal sole, Solea senegalensis, from the Tagus and the Douro estuaries, and captive S. senegalensis were examined for the detection of anomalies. The anomalies detected were granules of crystals, a dark coloration over the entire otolith, a dark mark concentric to the nucleus and multiple nuclei. A higher proportion of anomalies was found in wild individuals of these species (16–63%) than is usually reported for other species. Captive S. senegalensis exhibited an incidence of anomalies within the range previously reported for other species also reared in captivity. The oceanographic–climatic conditions of the Portuguese coast, which cause strong and abrupt changes in water temperature, salinity and mineral composition, may be an important factor contributing to or causing otolith anomalies. Heatwaves, intense solar radiation and anthropogenic pollution affecting the estuarine nursery grounds may also play an important role. However, more experim...
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Prey consumption by the juvenile soles, Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis, in the Tagus estuary, Portugal
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2008Co-Authors: Catarina Vinagre, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:Abstract The soles Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis are marine flatfish that use coastal and estuarine nursery grounds, which generally present high food availability, refuge from predators and favourable conditions for rapid growth. Two important nursery grounds for these species juveniles have been identified in the Tagus estuary, one in the upper part of the estuary (nursery A) and another in the south bank (nursery B). While S. Solea is only present at the uppermost nursery area, S. senegalensis is present at both nurseries. Although they are among the most important predators in these nursery grounds, there are no estimates on their food consumption or on the carrying capacity of the system for soles. The Elliott and Persson [1978. The estimation of daily rates of food consumption for fish. Journal of Animal Ecology 47, 977–993] model was used to estimate food consumption of both species juveniles in both nursery areas, taking into account gastric evacuation rates (previously determined) and 24 h sampling surveys, based on beam-trawl catches carried out every 3 h, in the summer of 1995. Monthly beam trawls were performed to determine sole densities over the summer. Density estimates and daily food consumption values were used to calculate total consumption over the summer period. Sediment samples were taken for the estimation of prey densities and total biomass in the nursery areas. Daily food consumption was lower for S. Solea (0.030 g wet weight d −1 ) than for S. senegalensis (0.075 g wet weight d −1 ). It was concluded that thermal stress may be an important factor hindering S. Solea 's food consumption in the warmer months. Total consumption of S. Solea over the summer (90 days) was estimated to be 97 kg (wet weight). Solea senegalensis total consumption in nursery A was estimated to be 103 kg, while in nursery B it was 528 kg. Total prey biomass estimated for nursery A was 300 tonnes, while for nursery B it was 58 tonnes. This suggests that food is not a limiting factor for sole in the Tagus estuary. However it was concluded that more in-depth studies into the food consumption of other species and prey availability are needed in order to determine the carrying capacity of this system for sole juveniles.
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Effect of temperature and salinity on the gastric evacuation of juvenile sole Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2007Co-Authors: Catarina Vinagre, Anabela Maia, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:Summary The juveniles of Senegal sole, Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858, and common sole, Solea Solea (Linnaeus 1758) concentrate in estuarine and coastal nurseries of widely differing temperatures and salinities. Yet, little is known about the effect of these physiologically important variables on the gastric evacuation rates of these species. Gastric evacuation experiments were performed on juveniles of S. senegalensis and S. Solea. Three temperatures were tested, 26, 20 and 14� C at a salinity of 35&. A low salinity experiment was also carried out at 15& ,a t 26� C. Experimental conditions intended to reflect conditions in estuarine and coastal nurseries where juveniles of these species spend their first years of life. The relation between stomach contents and time was best described by exponential regression models for both species. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed in order to test differences in evacuation rate due to temperature and salinity (slope of evacuation time against stomach contents) for each species. While increasing temperature increased evacuation rates in both species (although not at 26� Ci nS. Solea), the effect of low salinity differed among species, leading to a decrease in gastric evacuation rate in that of S. senegalensis and an increase in S. Solea. Differences in gastric evacuation rate between species were related to its metabolic optimums and to its distribution in the nursery area where fish were captured. Implications for the habitat use of estuarine and coastal nurseries are discussed.
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habitat suitability index models for the juvenile soles Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis in the tagus estuary defining variables for species management
Fisheries Research, 2006Co-Authors: Catarina Vinagre, Vanessa F. Fonseca, Henrique N. Cabral, M J CostaAbstract:Abstract Habitat suitability index (HSI) models were used to map habitat quality for the sympatric soles Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis in the Tagus estuary, Portugal. The selection of input variables to be used in these models is crucial since the recollection of such data involves important human and time resources. Various combinations of variables were developed and compared. Habitat maps were constructed for the months of peak abundance of S. Solea and S. senegalensis consisting of grid maps for depth, temperature, salinity, substrate type, presence of intertidal mudflats, density of amphipods, density of polychaetes and density of bivalves. The HSI models were run in a Geographic Information System by reclassifying the habitat maps to a 0–1 suitability index scale. Following reclassification, the geometric mean of the suitability index values for each variable was calculated by grid cell, using different combinations of variables, and the results were mapped. Models performance was evaluated by comparing model outputs to data on species’ densities in the field surveys at the time. Further model testing was performed using independent data. Results show that there are two areas that provide the highest habitat quality. The model that combined density of amphipods and the abiotic variables had the highest correlation with the distribution of S. Solea while the combination of density of polychaetes and the abiotic variables had the highest correlation with S. senegalensis distribution. These variables should be taken into account in future management plans, since they indicate the main nursery grounds for these species.
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Growth variability of juvenile soles Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis, and comparison with RNA : DNA ratios in the Tagus estuary, Portugal
Journal of Fish Biology, 2006Co-Authors: Vanessa F. Fonseca, Catarina Vinagre, Henrique N. CabralAbstract:Growth variability and condition of juvenile soles Solea Solea and Solea senegalensis, were assessed through RNA : DNA estimates and compared to absolute growth rates. Higher mean cohort RNA : DNA ratios were observed for cohort I at the beginning of estuarine occurrence for both species (4·42 and 4·87, for S. Solea and S. senegalensis respectively). Despite different estuarine colonization habits, no significant differences were observed between RNA : DNA monthly variation for both sole species within the same year (P > 0·05 for 2003 and 2004). Juvenile S. senegalensis showed significant differences between RNA : DNA ratios obtained for the two nursery areas (P
E Schram - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stocking density dependent growth of dover sole Solea Solea
Aquaculture, 2006Co-Authors: E Schram, J W Van Der Heul, A. Kamstra, Marc C. VerdegemAbstract:Dover sole were reared at 6 different stocking densities between 0.56 and 12.6 kg/m2 with duplicate tanks for each treatment. The experiment lasted for 55 days. Water quality effects on growth were minimised by making the flow rate per tank proportional to the feeding load. Individual initial and final weights were determined for all fishes to calculate the specific growth rate and the coefficient of variation within each culture tank. The specific growth rate of Dover sole significantly decreased with increasing stocking density. Mortality increased significantly with increasing stocking density. The difference between initial and final CV (?CV) increased with stocking density (P <0.06). A significant relation between stocking density and productivity was found. Productivity peaked at a stocking density of 7.4 kg/m2. The underlying mechanisms causing reduced average individual growth with increasing stocking densities are still poorly understood. Therefore, systematic behavioural studies focusing on the mechanisms causing depressed growth with increasing stocking density are recommended for future research.
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Stocking density-dependent growth of Dover sole (Solea Solea)
Aquaculture, 2006Co-Authors: E Schram, J W Van Der Heul, A. Kamstra, Marc C. VerdegemAbstract:Dover sole were reared at 6 different stocking densities between 0.56 and 12.6 kg/m2 with duplicate tanks for each treatment. The experiment lasted for 55 days. Water quality effects on growth were minimised by making the flow rate per tank proportional to the feeding load. Individual initial and final weights were determined for all fishes to calculate the specific growth rate and the coefficient of variation within each culture tank. The specific growth rate of Dover sole significantly decreased with increasing stocking density. Mortality increased significantly with increasing stocking density. The difference between initial and final CV (?CV) increased with stocking density (P
Xavier Cousin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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De novo assembly, characterization and functional annotation of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) and common sole (Solea Solea) transcriptomes: integration in a database and design of a microarray
BMC Genomics, 2014Co-Authors: Hicham Benzekri, Paula Armesto, Xavier Cousin, Mireia Rovira, Diego Crespo, Manuel Alejandro Merlo, David Mazurais, Rocío Bautista, Darío Guerrero-fernández, Noe Fernandez-pozoAbstract:Background Senegalese sole ( Solea senegalensis ) and common sole ( S. Solea ) are two economically and evolutionary important flatfish species both in fisheries and aquaculture. Although some genomic resources and tools were recently described in these species, further sequencing efforts are required to establish a complete transcriptome, and to identify new molecular markers. Moreover, the comparative analysis of transcriptomes will be useful to understand flatfish evolution. Results A comprehensive characterization of the transcriptome for each species was carried out using a large set of Illumina data (more than 1,800 millions reads for each sole species) and 454 reads (more than 5 millions reads only in S. senegalensis ), providing coverages ranging from 1,384x to 2,543x. After a de novo assembly, 45,063 and 38,402 different transcripts were obtained, comprising 18,738 and 22,683 full-length cDNAs in S. senegalensis and S. Solea, respectively . A reference transcriptome with the longest unique transcripts and putative non-redundant new transcripts was established for each species. A subset of 11,953 reference transcripts was qualified as highly reliable orthologs (>97% identity) between both species. A small subset of putative species-specific, lineage-specific and flatfish-specific transcripts were also identified. Furthermore, transcriptome data permitted the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms and simple-sequence repeats confirmed by FISH to be used in further genetic and expression studies. Moreover, evidences on the retention of crystallins crybb1 , crybb1 -like and crybb3 in the two species of soles are also presented. Transcriptome information was applied to the design of a microarray tool in S. senegalensis that was successfully tested and validated by qPCR. Finally, transcriptomic data were hosted and structured at SoleaDB. Conclusions Transcriptomes and molecular markers identified in this study represent a valuable source for future genomic studies in these economically important species. Orthology analysis provided new clues regarding sole genome evolution indicating a divergent evolution of crystallins in flatfish. The design of a microarray and establishment of a reference transcriptome will be useful for large-scale gene expression studies. Moreover, the integration of transcriptomic data in the SoleaDB will facilitate the management of genomic information in these important species.
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de novo assembly characterization and functional annotation of senegalese sole Solea senegalensis and common sole Solea Solea transcriptomes integration in a database and design of a microarray
BMC Genomics, 2014Co-Authors: Hicham Benzekri, Paula Armesto, Xavier Cousin, Mireia Rovira, Diego Crespo, Manuel Alejandro Merlo, David Mazurais, Rocío Bautista, Dario GuerrerofernandezAbstract:Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) and common sole (S. Solea) are two economically and evolutionary important flatfish species both in fisheries and aquaculture. Although some genomic resources and tools were recently described in these species, further sequencing efforts are required to establish a complete transcriptome, and to identify new molecular markers. Moreover, the comparative analysis of transcriptomes will be useful to understand flatfish evolution. A comprehensive characterization of the transcriptome for each species was carried out using a large set of Illumina data (more than 1,800 millions reads for each sole species) and 454 reads (more than 5 millions reads only in S. senegalensis), providing coverages ranging from 1,384x to 2,543x. After a de novo assembly, 45,063 and 38,402 different transcripts were obtained, comprising 18,738 and 22,683 full-length cDNAs in S. senegalensis and S. Solea, respectively. A reference transcriptome with the longest unique transcripts and putative non-redundant new transcripts was established for each species. A subset of 11,953 reference transcripts was qualified as highly reliable orthologs (>97% identity) between both species. A small subset of putative species-specific, lineage-specific and flatfish-specific transcripts were also identified. Furthermore, transcriptome data permitted the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms and simple-sequence repeats confirmed by FISH to be used in further genetic and expression studies. Moreover, evidences on the retention of crystallins crybb1, crybb1-like and crybb3 in the two species of soles are also presented. Transcriptome information was applied to the design of a microarray tool in S. senegalensis that was successfully tested and validated by qPCR. Finally, transcriptomic data were hosted and structured at SoleaDB. Transcriptomes and molecular markers identified in this study represent a valuable source for future genomic studies in these economically important species. Orthology analysis provided new clues regarding sole genome evolution indicating a divergent evolution of crystallins in flatfish. The design of a microarray and establishment of a reference transcriptome will be useful for large-scale gene expression studies. Moreover, the integration of transcriptomic data in the SoleaDB will facilitate the management of genomic information in these important species.
