The Experts below are selected from a list of 27033 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
E. N. Corlett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vibration and spinal lengthening in simulated vehicle driving.
Applied ergonomics, 2003Co-Authors: R.a Bonney, E. N. CorlettAbstract:There is active interest in the relationship between back pain and driving. The availability of a precision Stadiometer enabled experiments to be done to explore the effects of simulated driving on the change in spinal length, the hypothesis being that the spinal load would cause a shrinking in the length of the spine. The experiments demonstrated that, when exposed to a combination of vertical and horizontal vibration at 4 Hz the spinal length increased for all eight subjects, whilst under no vibration conditions there was a decrease in the average length. At 6 and 8 Hz there was no statistically significant change in length. The results suggest that there is an unloading of the spine when subjects under simulated driving conditions are exposed to vibrations in two directions at a frequency close to the spine's natural frequency.
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Head posture and loading of the cervical spine
Applied ergonomics, 2002Co-Authors: R.a Bonney, E. N. CorlettAbstract:Calculations by Colombini et al. (Ergonomics of Working Postures. Taylor & Francis, London, 1985) showed that a line of gaze below the horizontal would load the cervical spine more than a horizontal gaze. Precision Stadiometer tests were run, using seven subjects, to measure the effects on spinal length of different angles of gaze. After 1 h exposure whilst sitting in a controlled posture, there were significant differences in the shrinkage of the spine between the horizontal gaze and the 20° and 40° angles below the horizontal. The increased spinal loading demonstrated by the increase in spinal shrinkage calls into question the recommendations for angle of gaze recommended in textbooks.
Ian Fulton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of time of day on the vertical spinal creep response.
Applied ergonomics, 2009Co-Authors: Rungthip Puntumetakul, Marie T. Williams, Patricia Trott, Ian FultonAbstract:Vertical spinal creep (VSC) is height loss during sustained postures over a set period of time. While total stature has been demonstrated to decrease throughout the day, whether a diurnal effect applies to the VSC response has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate whether time of day had an effect on the magnitude of the VSC response in young subjects asymptomatic for musculoskeletal pathologies. The VSC response was recorded over 25 min while subjects remained seated on the Stadiometer, at three times (morning, midday and afternoon) on the same day, in 48 asymptomatic volunteers aged 20-39 years. While no significant differences were calculated for the magnitude of the VSC responses on the three occasions of testing, differences in magnitude of VSC response may have been confounded by preloading activities. Where magnitude of the VSC response is the primary outcome measure, measurement protocols should control preloading activities and continue to conduct measurements at the same time of day, until further studies conclusively refute the existence of a diurnal effect.
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Adolescent versus adult responses to vertical spinal loading
Ergonomics, 2001Co-Authors: Rotsalai Kanlayanaphotporn, L. Lam, Marie T. Williams, Patricia Trott, Ian FultonAbstract:This study compared the vertical spinal creep response between adolescent and adult males. Thirty healthy male subjects, 15 adolescents (aged 12 to 16 years) and 15 adults (aged 30 to 57 years) were measured. Spinal creep was measured continuously over 25 min under loaded and unloaded conditions using a seated Stadiometer that controlled spinal posture. Both adolescent and adult subjects showed significant increase in vertical spinal creep with time but the magnitude of vertical spinal creep was significantly greater in adolescent than in the adult subjects.
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Contribution of soft tissue deformation below the sacrum to the measurement of total height loss in sitting
Ergonomics, 2001Co-Authors: Rotsalai Kanlayanaphotporn, Marie T. Williams, Patricia Trott, Ian FultonAbstract:This study investigated the contribution of soft tissue deformation below the sacrum (S) and vertical spinal creep to total height loss (THL) measured in sitting. Eight asymptomatic subjects (four males, four females) aged between 21 and 51 years were measured. Simultaneous measurement of THL and S were commenced after the subjects had been sitting for 5 min. THL was recorded while subjects were positioned in a seated Stadiometer, which controlled their spinal posture. S was measured by placing an ultrasound transducer at the level of the top of the subject's sacrum. Over 25 min of sitting with loaded and unloaded interventions applied to their spine, different response characteristics between S and THL were noted. This study demonstrated that soft tissues below the sacrum could contribute up to 30% on average of total height loss. This suggests that researchers should take into account the soft tissue deformation outside the spine when studying vertical creep in sitting.
Albert K. Chong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Close range photogrammetric analysis of the human spine
2009Co-Authors: Albert K. Chong, Richard Newsham-west, Marieke Ter Voert, Peter MilburnAbstract:Close-range photogrammetry (CRP) has been used extensively in medical applications, such as craniofacial mapping and scoliosis screening to obtain three-dimensional data. Advantages of this method over Stadiometers and laser scanning are(i) non-contact and non-invasive, (ii) instantaneous imaging, (iii) highly accurate, and (iv) allows for dynamic analysis of structures. This paper presents the development and application of a field-based CRP technique for studying diurnal variation in the geometry of young adult male spines.
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Spinal shrinkage under loading - A novel approach using surface back contour analysis stereophotogrammetry
Journal of Biomechanics, 2007Co-Authors: Peter D. Milburn, Richard Newsham-west, Albert K. ChongAbstract:Exposure of the body to impact loads has been associated with spinal shrinkage, and several studies have investigated changes due to loading on stature and specifically spinal shrinkage. Currently the instrument of choice is the Stadiometer, which has proven to be cumbersome, requiring patient or subject training, thereby limiting its compliance and use in the work place, sports field or clinic. The two-dimensional, static nature of Stadiometer measurement also eliminates the ability to measure the effect of change of posture on spinal shrinkage. The other choice is planar or multi-axial X-ray, which has its obvious limitations. In a contact sport like rugby union, there is growing evidence of spinal degeneration in both the lumbar and cervical spines, particularly those involved in the 'tight' positions in the scrum. These players are exposed to moderately high and relatively sustained forces of up to a third of a tonne on front-row players [1] that are coupled with torsional and lateral shearing. Insidious onset non-specific back pain is also reported in triathletes [2], cricket bowlers [3], and ultra-endurance athletes [4]. However, surprisingly little is known about spinal shrinkage or postural change in athletic performance, and its role in the development of clinical symptoms.
R.a Bonney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vibration and spinal lengthening in simulated vehicle driving.
Applied ergonomics, 2003Co-Authors: R.a Bonney, E. N. CorlettAbstract:There is active interest in the relationship between back pain and driving. The availability of a precision Stadiometer enabled experiments to be done to explore the effects of simulated driving on the change in spinal length, the hypothesis being that the spinal load would cause a shrinking in the length of the spine. The experiments demonstrated that, when exposed to a combination of vertical and horizontal vibration at 4 Hz the spinal length increased for all eight subjects, whilst under no vibration conditions there was a decrease in the average length. At 6 and 8 Hz there was no statistically significant change in length. The results suggest that there is an unloading of the spine when subjects under simulated driving conditions are exposed to vibrations in two directions at a frequency close to the spine's natural frequency.
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Head posture and loading of the cervical spine
Applied ergonomics, 2002Co-Authors: R.a Bonney, E. N. CorlettAbstract:Calculations by Colombini et al. (Ergonomics of Working Postures. Taylor & Francis, London, 1985) showed that a line of gaze below the horizontal would load the cervical spine more than a horizontal gaze. Precision Stadiometer tests were run, using seven subjects, to measure the effects on spinal length of different angles of gaze. After 1 h exposure whilst sitting in a controlled posture, there were significant differences in the shrinkage of the spine between the horizontal gaze and the 20° and 40° angles below the horizontal. The increased spinal loading demonstrated by the increase in spinal shrinkage calls into question the recommendations for angle of gaze recommended in textbooks.
Myles A. Mellor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Stadiometer Measurements of Driver'S Spinal Response to Steering Force and Vibration:
2000Co-Authors: Christine M. Haslegrave, Myles A. MellorAbstract:The effects on spinal loading of two aspects of the driving task - force exertion while steering and exposure to 4 Hz 1ms−2 peak vertical seat vibration - were investigated with a group of six male subjects seated in a driving simulator. In addition, the effect of the combination of the two aspects was tested. Spinal shrinkage was measured with a precision seated Stadiometer over a 40 minute period. Analysis of variance showed that both steering actions and vibration had a significant effect on spinal loading (p
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Stadiometer measurements of driver s spinal response to steering force and vibration
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2000Co-Authors: Christine M. Haslegrave, Myles A. MellorAbstract:The effects on spinal loading of two aspects of the driving task - force exertion while steering and exposure to 4 Hz 1ms−2 peak vertical seat vibration - were investigated with a group of six male subjects seated in a driving simulator. In addition, the effect of the combination of the two aspects was tested. Spinal shrinkage was measured with a precision seated Stadiometer over a 40 minute period. Analysis of variance showed that both steering actions and vibration had a significant effect on spinal loading (p<0.05 and p<0.025 respectively), even though the steering torque (5Nm) was moderate. The response was significantly greater in all three experimental conditions than in static sitting (in the same posture). There appeared to be a tendency for the mean spinal shrinkage to increase from 6.0 mm when steering to 7.1mm under vibration and 8.7mm when steering and vibration were combined, but the only difference which was statistical significant was that between the combined condition and steering alone (...
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Stadiometer Measurements of Driver'S Spinal Response to Steering Force and Vibration
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2000Co-Authors: Christine M. Haslegrave, Myles A. MellorAbstract:The effects on spinal loading of two aspects of the driving task - force exertion while steering and exposure to 4 Hz 1ms−2 peak vertical seat vibration - were investigated with a group of six male subjects seated in a driving simulator. In addition, the effect of the combination of the two aspects was tested. Spinal shrinkage was measured with a precision seated Stadiometer over a 40 minute period. Analysis of variance showed that both steering actions and vibration had a significant effect on spinal loading (p<0.05 and p<0.025 respectively), even though the steering torque (5Nm) was moderate. The response was significantly greater in all three experimental conditions than in static sitting (in the same posture). There appeared to be a tendency for the mean spinal shrinkage to increase from 6.0 mm when steering to 7.1mm under vibration and 8.7mm when steering and vibration were combined, but the only difference which was statistical significant was that between the combined condition and steering alone (t test, p<0.01).