The Experts below are selected from a list of 264 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Nizar Souissi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Optimal Time of Day for Training during Ramadan: A Review Study
    Journal of Fasting And Health, 2014
    Co-Authors: Hamdi Chtourou, Nizar Souissi, Omar Hammouda, Asma Aloui, Anis Chaouachi
    Abstract:

    Literature concerning the effects of Ramadan fasting on sports performance presents conflicting results. In this context, some studies reported a significant impairment of sports performance during the month of Ramadan. However, other studies suggested that Ramadan fasting has no significant effect on physical performance.  The discrepancies between the studies could be explained by Time-of-Day variations in testing. In this regard, recent studies reported that Ramadan negatively affects the afternoon sports performance; however, the morning and the evening (after breaking the fast) performances were not affected by fasting. This suggests that the optimal Time of Day for training during Ramadan is the morning or the evening. Therefore, coaches should schedule the training sessions in the morning or evening during the month of Ramadan. However, further studies should investigate the effect of training at a specific Time of Day on sports performance during Ramadan.

  • Effect of Time-of-Day on Muscle Fatigue: A Review
    Journal of Novel Physiotherapies, 2013
    Co-Authors: Hamdi Chtourou, Omar Hammouda, Asma Aloui, Nizar Souissi
    Abstract:

    To date, although the effect of Time-of-Day on short-term maximal performance has been well established with early morning nadirs and peak values in the late afternoon, data concerning the diurnal variations in muscle fatigue appear to be equivocal. Most studies reported higher muscle fatigue (represented by a decrease in muscle power or strength during short-term maximal exercises) in the evening compared with the morning. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms of the diurnal variation in muscle fatigue are not well known. In this context, some biomarkers of cellular damage were higher in the evening compared with the morning, while markers of antioxidant status were higher in the morning. This article focuses on the diurnal variations in short-term maximal performance and some biochemical parameters. Moreover, we aimed to review the effect of Time-of-Day on muscle fatigue.

  • The effect of training at a specific Time of Day: a review.
    Journal of strength and conditioning research, 2012
    Co-Authors: Hamdi Chtourou, Nizar Souissi
    Abstract:

    This article focuses on physical performances after training at a specific Time of Day. To date, although the effect of Time of Day on aerobic performances appears to be equivocal, during anaerobic exercises, the effect of Time of Day has been well established with early morning nadirs and peak performances in the late afternoon. These diurnal rhythms can be influenced by several factors such as the regular training at a specific Time of Day. Indeed, regular training in the morning hours may increase the lower morning performances to the same or even higher level as their normal diurnal peak typically observed in the late afternoon by a greater increase of performance in the evening. However, regular training in the evening hours may increase the morning-evening (i.e., amplitude of the rhythm) difference by a greater increase of performance in the late afternoon. Therefore, adaptations to training are greater at the Time of Day at which training is regularly performed than at other Times. Nevertheless, although modifications in resting hormones concentrations could explain this Time-of-Day specific adaptations, precise information on the underlying mechanisms is lacking.

Hamdi Chtourou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Optimal Time of Day for Training during Ramadan: A Review Study
    Journal of Fasting And Health, 2014
    Co-Authors: Hamdi Chtourou, Nizar Souissi, Omar Hammouda, Asma Aloui, Anis Chaouachi
    Abstract:

    Literature concerning the effects of Ramadan fasting on sports performance presents conflicting results. In this context, some studies reported a significant impairment of sports performance during the month of Ramadan. However, other studies suggested that Ramadan fasting has no significant effect on physical performance.  The discrepancies between the studies could be explained by Time-of-Day variations in testing. In this regard, recent studies reported that Ramadan negatively affects the afternoon sports performance; however, the morning and the evening (after breaking the fast) performances were not affected by fasting. This suggests that the optimal Time of Day for training during Ramadan is the morning or the evening. Therefore, coaches should schedule the training sessions in the morning or evening during the month of Ramadan. However, further studies should investigate the effect of training at a specific Time of Day on sports performance during Ramadan.

  • Effect of Time-of-Day on Muscle Fatigue: A Review
    Journal of Novel Physiotherapies, 2013
    Co-Authors: Hamdi Chtourou, Omar Hammouda, Asma Aloui, Nizar Souissi
    Abstract:

    To date, although the effect of Time-of-Day on short-term maximal performance has been well established with early morning nadirs and peak values in the late afternoon, data concerning the diurnal variations in muscle fatigue appear to be equivocal. Most studies reported higher muscle fatigue (represented by a decrease in muscle power or strength during short-term maximal exercises) in the evening compared with the morning. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms of the diurnal variation in muscle fatigue are not well known. In this context, some biomarkers of cellular damage were higher in the evening compared with the morning, while markers of antioxidant status were higher in the morning. This article focuses on the diurnal variations in short-term maximal performance and some biochemical parameters. Moreover, we aimed to review the effect of Time-of-Day on muscle fatigue.

  • The effect of training at a specific Time of Day: a review.
    Journal of strength and conditioning research, 2012
    Co-Authors: Hamdi Chtourou, Nizar Souissi
    Abstract:

    This article focuses on physical performances after training at a specific Time of Day. To date, although the effect of Time of Day on aerobic performances appears to be equivocal, during anaerobic exercises, the effect of Time of Day has been well established with early morning nadirs and peak performances in the late afternoon. These diurnal rhythms can be influenced by several factors such as the regular training at a specific Time of Day. Indeed, regular training in the morning hours may increase the lower morning performances to the same or even higher level as their normal diurnal peak typically observed in the late afternoon by a greater increase of performance in the evening. However, regular training in the evening hours may increase the morning-evening (i.e., amplitude of the rhythm) difference by a greater increase of performance in the late afternoon. Therefore, adaptations to training are greater at the Time of Day at which training is regularly performed than at other Times. Nevertheless, although modifications in resting hormones concentrations could explain this Time-of-Day specific adaptations, precise information on the underlying mechanisms is lacking.

Avinash Unnikrishnan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a Time of Day analysis of crashes involving large trucks in urban areas
    Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2015
    Co-Authors: Jasmine Pahukula, Salvador Hernandez, Avinash Unnikrishnan
    Abstract:

    Previous studies have looked at different factors that contribute to large truck-involved crashes, however a detailed analysis considering the specific effects of Time of Day is lacking. Using the Crash Records Information System (CRIS) database in Texas, large truck-involved crashes occurring on urban freeways between 2006 and 2010 were separated into five Time periods (i.e., early morning, morning, mid-Day, afternoon and evening). A series of log likelihood ratio tests were conducted to validate that five separate random parameters logit models by Time of Day were warranted. The outcomes of each Time of Day model show major differences in both the combination of variables included in each model and the magnitude of impact of those variables. These differences show that the different Time periods do in fact have different contributing factors to each injury severity further highlighting the importance of examining crashes based on Time of Day. Traffic flow, light conditions, surface conditions, Time of year and percentage of trucks on the road were found as key differences between the Time periods.

Jennifer R. Redman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Time of Day variations in driving performance
    Accident Analysis and Prevention, 1997
    Co-Authors: Michael G. Lenné, Thomas J. Triggs, Jennifer R. Redman
    Abstract:

    Numerous factors may contribute to the 24-hour pattern of automobile accidents. One factor may be a Time of Day variation in driving ability. In the present study, 11 male subjects operated a driving simulator for 30 minutes at six Times of Day. Subjects were instructed to maintain a stable position in the left-hand lane and to drive at a constant speed of 80 km/hour. In addition subjects performed a secondary reaction Time task. Subjective mood was measured at the beginning and end of each session. Driving performance was measured in terms of the mean and standard deviation of lateral position and speed. The mean and standard deviation of speed varied significantly across the Day for both curved and straight segments. Reaction Time was also affected by Time of Day. Performance was more impaired at 0600 and 0200 hours, with improvements in driving performance between 1000 and 2200 hours and an early afternoon dip. These results suggest that driving performance is subject to diurnal variations. of particular importance is the result that impairments in driving performance in the early afternoon are of a similar magnitude to those occurring in the late evening and early morning.

Zhiyuan Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Time of Day intervals partition for bus schedule using GPS data
    Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2015
    Co-Authors: Yiming Bie, Xiaolin Gong, Zhiyuan Liu
    Abstract:

    Time of Day partition of bus operating hours is a prerequisite of bus schedule design. Reasonable partition plan is essential to improve the punctuality and level of service. In most mega cities, bus vehicles have been equipped with global positioning system (GPS) devices, which is convenient for transit agency to monitor bus operations. In this paper, a new algorithm is developed based on GPS data to partition bus operating hours into Time of Day intervals. Firstly, the impacts of passenger demand and network traffic state on bus operational performance are analyzed. Then bus dwell Time at stops and inter-stop travel Time, which can be attained based on GPS data, are selected as partition indexes. For buses clustered in the same Time-of-Day interval, threshold values of differences in dwell Time at stops and inter-stop travel Time are determined. The buses in the same Time-of-Day interval should have adjacent dispatching numbers, which is set as a constraint. Consequently, a partition algorithm with three steps is developed. Finally, a bus route in Suzhou China is taken as an example to validate the algorithm. Three partition schemes are given by setting different threshold values for the two partition indexes. The present scheme in practice is compared with the three proposed schemes. To balance the number of ToD intervals and partition precision, a Benefit Evaluation Index is proposed, for a better Time-of-Day interval plan.