The Experts below are selected from a list of 10731 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J.m. Suttie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Role of steroids in antler growth of red deer Stags
The Journal of experimental zoology, 1995Co-Authors: J.m. Suttie, Peter F. Fennessy, K. R. Lapwood, I. D. CorsonAbstract:A series of six studies were carried out in red deer stages to test hypotheses concerning the importance of steroid control of velvet antler growth and to investigate mechanisms by which these hormones exert their effects. Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) an LH inhibitor administered to Stags during hard antler caused premature antler casting, reduced subsequent antler weight and caused a reduction in the LH and testosterone responses to GnRH. In two separate studies blockade of testosterone receptors with cyproterone acetate (CPA) administered to Stags, either during early velvet antler growth or during the hard antler stage, significantly reduced LH and testosterone responses to GnRH. In both studies antler length, but not weight, was increased by CPA treatment. In another study testosterone implants were used to pervent the gradual decline in plasma testosterone levels normally observed during winter. Implants were removed 3 weeks before the anticipated date of antler casting. The implants significantly increased plasma testosterone levels and subsequent antler growth (expresses as a proportional increase compared with the previous year) compared with untreated controls. To determine whether the annual cycle of plasma testosterone response following GnRH stimulation was due simply to a lack of LH stimulation, ovine LH was injected on six occasions at defined stages of the antler cycle to red deer Stags and the testosterone response measured. The testosterone responses were low at antler casting and during velvet antler growth compared with antler cleaning and peak rut. It appears low level of testosterone levels are due, in part, to a loss of responsiveness by the testes to LH as well as a low level of secretion of LH during the antler growing season. Finally synthetic ACTH was injected at the same defined stages of antler growth as in the previous study to determine whether cortisol and adrenal androgen production altered with the stage of the antler cycle. No significant differences were found in the dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) response, but cortisol responses were higher from late velvet antler growth to peak rut, compared with the times of antler casting and early velvet growth. Overall it was concluded that velvet antler growth can occur without testosterone stimulation during the period of velvet growth, but the data reinforce the concept that the timing of antler growth is linked to the annual cycle of testosterone. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Effects of isolation and mixing of social groups on heart rate and behaviour of red deer Stags
Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 1993Co-Authors: J.c. Pollard, Roger P. Littlejohn, J.m. SuttieAbstract:The effects of visual and spatial isolation from other deer (Experiment 1), and of mixing with unfamiliar deer (Experiment 2) on the behaviour and heart rate of 16 yearling red deer Stags were measured. In each experiment, the deer were initially confined in an indoor pen for 1 min in the presence of two handlers and two familiar Stags (Stage I), then given two successive treatments for 1 min (Stages II and III). In Experiment 1, treatments in Stages II and III were confinement in isolation from deer and humans (Treatment IS), and confinement with the two familiar Stags (Treatment GP). Eight deer received Treatment IS then Treatment GP and eight received Treatment GP then Treatment IS. Heart rate was higher during Treatment IS than Treatment GP, and deer made more steps, nosed and made head movements at the perimeters of the enclosure more frequently than during Treatment GP (P < 0.05). In Experiment 2, treatments in Stages II and III were confinement in the presence of five familiar Stags (Treatment F) and confinement in the presence of five unfamiliar Stags (Treatment S; five yearling Stags or five 2-year-old castrated Stags). Heart rate was higher during Treatment S than Treatment F, and the deer stepped and nosed enclosure perimeters more during Treatment S. In addition, deer received or instigated aggressive interactions more frequently during Treatment S than Treatment F, and groomed themselves less (P < 0.05). The increases in heart rate and changes in behaviour indicated that social isolation and mixing with unfamiliar deer were stress-ful to red deer. The responses to the acute social stimuli used in the study could be useful in identifying other social stressors experienced by deer during handling.
G. Mcl. Dryden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nutrition of antler growth in deer
Animal Production Science, 2016Co-Authors: G. Mcl. DrydenAbstract:Stags are susceptible to the effects of nutrition at several stages during their lives and during the antler cycle. Nutrition during the in utero, post-natal (suckling) and yearling stages influences the size of spike antlers, and, generally, there is a close relationship between bodyweight and antler weight in Stags aged up to 5 years. While antler size is not greatly affected by nutrition during the growth of immature (velvet) antler, it is influenced by body size and condition at casting, i.e. at the beginning of new antler growth. Antler growth appears to have a high priority for nutrients, especially energy, protein and calcium. Antler growth in adult Stags is little affected by diet protein concentrations over 7%, but supplements of protected protein or methionine may improve antler growth. Substantial amounts of calcium and phosphorus are sequestered in antlers as they become mineralised, and calcium is withdrawn from the skeleton in support of this. Feeding programs to obtain good antler growth involve recognising the periods when juvenile Stags are susceptible to under-nutrition, and providing sufficient nutrients to re-establish adequate body condition in adult Stags between the end of the rut and antler casting.
Ashok T Gaikwad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multimodal biometrics enhancement recognition system based on fusion of fingerprint and palmprint a review
Global journal of computer science and technology, 2016Co-Authors: Ashok T GaikwadAbstract:This article is an overview of a current multimodal biometrics research based on fingerprint and palm-print. It explains the pervious study for each modal separately and its fusion technique with another biometric modal. The basic biometric system consists of four stages: firstly, the sensor which is used for enrolment & recognition the biometrics data. Secondly, the pre-processing stage which includes the enhancement and segmentation of Region-Of-Interest ROI. Thirdly, features extracted from the output of the preprocessing and each modal of biometrics having different type of features. Fourthly, the matching stage is to compare the acquired feature with the template in the database. Finally, the database which stores the features for the matching Stags. Multimodal is being gathered of various types of biometrics objects from the same human. In this paper, the biometric system gives an explanation for each model. Also, the modalities of biometrics are discussed as well as focused on two different modalities: fingerprint and Palm-Print.
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Overview of fingerprint recognition system
2016 International Conference on Electrical Electronics and Optimization Techniques (ICEEOT), 2016Co-Authors: Vivek H. Mahale, Pravin Yannawar, Ashok T GaikwadAbstract:This article is an overview of a current research based on fingerprint recognition system. In this paper we highlighted on the previous studies of fingerprint recognition system. This paper is a brief review in the conceptual and structure of fingerprint recognition. The basic fingerprint recognition system consists of four stages: firstly, the sensor which is used for enrolment & recognition to capture the biometric data. Secondly, the pre-processing stage which is used to remove unwanted data and increase the clarity of ridge structure by using enhancement technique. Thirdly, feature extraction stage which take the input from the output of the pre-processing stage to extract the fingerprint features. Fourthly, the matching stage is to compare the acquired feature with the template in the database. Finally, the database which stores the features for the matching Stags. The aim of this paper is to review various recently work on fingerprint recognition system and explain fingerprint recognition stages step by step and give summaries of fingerprint databases with characteristics.
Clifford Y Ko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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colon cancer survival rates with the new american joint committee on cancer sixth edition staging
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2005Co-Authors: Jessica B Oconnell, Melinda A Maggard, Clifford Y KoAbstract:Background: The recently revised American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) sixth edition cancer staging system increased the stratification within colon cancer stages II and III defined by the AJCC fifth edition system. Using nationally representative Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data, we compared survival rates associated with colon cancer stages defined according to both AJCC systems. Methods: Using SEER data (from January 1, 1991, through December 31, 2000), we identified 119 363 patients with colon adenocarcinoma and included all patients in two analyses by stages defined by AJCC fifth and sixth edition systems. Tumors were stratified by SEER’s “extent of disease” and “number of positive [lymph] nodes” coding schemes. Kaplan‐Meier analyses were used to compare overall and stage-specific 5-year survival. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Overall 5-year survival was 65.2%. According to stages defined by the AJCC fifth edition system, 5-year stage-specific survivals were 93.2% for stage I, 82.5% for stage II, 59.5% for stage III, and 8.1% for stage IV. According to stages defined by the AJCC sixth edition system, 5-year stage-specific survivals were 93.2% for stage I, 84.7% for stage IIa, 72.2% for stage IIb, 83.4% for stage IIIa, 64.1% for stage IIIb, 44.3% for stage IIIc, and 8.1% for stage IV. Under the sixth edition system, 5-year survival was statistically significantly better for patients with stage IIIa colon cancer (83.4%) than for patients with stage IIb disease (72.2%) (P<.001). Conclusions: The AJCC sixth edition system for colon cancer stratifies survival more distinctly than the fifth edition system by providing more substages. The association of stage IIIa colon cancer with statistically significantly better survival than stage IIb in the new system may reflect current clinical practice, in which stage III patients receive chemotherapy but stage II patients generally do not. [J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:1420 ‐5]
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Colon Cancer Survival Rates With the New American Joint Committee on Cancer Sixth Edition Staging
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2004Co-Authors: Jessica B. O’connell, Melinda A Maggard, Clifford Y KoAbstract:Background: The recently revised American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) sixth edition cancer staging system increased the stratification within colon cancer stages II and III defined by the AJCC fifth edition system. Using nationally representative Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data, we compared survival rates associated with colon cancer stages defined according to both AJCC systems. Methods: Using SEER data (from January 1, 1991, through December 31, 2000), we identified 119 363 patients with colon adenocarcinoma and included all patients in two analyses by stages defined by AJCC fifth and sixth edition systems. Tumors were stratified by SEER’s “extent of disease” and “number of positive [lymph] nodes” coding schemes. Kaplan‐Meier analyses were used to compare overall and stage-specific 5-year survival. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Overall 5-year survival was 65.2%. According to stages defined by the AJCC fifth edition system, 5-year stage-specific survivals were 93.2% for stage I, 82.5% for stage II, 59.5% for stage III, and 8.1% for stage IV. According to stages defined by the AJCC sixth edition system, 5-year stage-specific survivals were 93.2% for stage I, 84.7% for stage IIa, 72.2% for stage IIb, 83.4% for stage IIIa, 64.1% for stage IIIb, 44.3% for stage IIIc, and 8.1% for stage IV. Under the sixth edition system, 5-year survival was statistically significantly better for patients with stage IIIa colon cancer (83.4%) than for patients with stage IIb disease (72.2%) (P
Edward V Hannigan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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serum levels of interleukins growth factors and anglogenin in patients with endometrial cancer
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 1997Co-Authors: Vimlarani Chopra, Tung V Dinh, Edward V HanniganAbstract:The purpose of this work was to study changes in serum levels of interleukins, growth factors and angiogenin during different stages of endometrial cancer progression. Serum levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay in 59 women with stages I–IV of endometrial cancer (study subjects: stage I,n=20; stage II,n=8; stage III,n=5; stage IV,n=6) and compared to the serum levels in 20 women without cancer as control subjects. Patients with endometrial cancer had varied serum levels of interleukins and growth factors. There was a significant increase in serum levels of angiogenin in all stages of tumor progression. Levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-10 and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) were significantly elevated in patients with stages I and II carcinoma. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF), IL-7 and IL-2 were significantly elevated in patients with stages II and III carcinoma and the serum level of tumor necrosis factor β (TNFβ) was slightly elevated in patients with stage II carcinoma only. The serum levels of IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 were not elevated in endometrial cancer patients in any of the clinical stages. The results showed that progression of endometrial cancer is associated with increased serum levels of cytokines, growth factors and angiogenin, which possibly amplify angiogenesis during different clinical stages.
