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Luca Guardabassi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prevalence of canine methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius in a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in italy
Research in Veterinary Science, 2011Co-Authors: M De Lucia, Arshnee Moodley, Francesca Latronico, A Giordano, Marco Caldin, Alessandra Fondati, Luca GuardabassiAbstract:Abstract The overall prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius (MRSP) was 2% (10/590) among 590 canine specimens submitted to an Italian veterinary diagnostic laboratory during a two-month period, and 21% (10/48) among Staphylococcus Intermedius group (SIG) isolates. All methicillin-resistant strains exhibited additional resistance to fluoroquinolones, gentamicin, lincosamides, tetracyclines, and potentiated sulfonamides, belonged predominantly to spa type t02 and harboured SCCmec type II–III cassette.
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first report of multiresistant meca positive Staphylococcus Intermedius in europe 12 cases from a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in germany
Veterinary Dermatology, 2007Co-Authors: Anette Loeffler, Luca Guardabassi, Monika Linek, Arshnee Moodley, Julia M L Sung, Margit Winkler, R Weiss, David G LloydAbstract:Resistance to cephalosporins and/or fluoroquinolones by Staphylococcus Intermedius has remained low in Europe, with effective drugs generally available for systemic therapy in pets. However, multiresistant, mecA-positive S. Intermedius isolated from dogs and cats is now emerging in Europe. Twelve S. Intermedius isolates, highly resistant to at least five antimicrobial classes, were isolated from skin and ear infections in 11 dogs and a cat. The 12 isolates represented 23% of all S. Intermedius submissions from one veterinary dermatology referral clinic in northern Germany to veterinary diagnostic laboratories during an 18-month period and resistance included cefalexin, methicillin and enrofloxacin. The animals had been referred to the clinic with recurrent superficial pyoderma, deep pyoderma, pododermatitis or chronic otitis, all unresponsive to systemic β-lactam-antibiotics or fluoroquinolones. Infection resolved in 10 dogs and the cat on a combination of antimicrobial treatment and correction of underlying causes. Four dogs and a cat required systemic and topical therapy; in six dogs topical antimicrobial therapy alone was successful. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the S. Intermedius isolates were determined; species identification was confirmed by polymerase chain detection of thermonuclease genes (nuc) and the presence and expression of the gene conferring resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics (mecA) were demonstrated in all; based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, six were indistinguishable, the others closely or possibly related. The emergence of multiresistant, mecA-positive S. Intermedius in Europe is alarming. Zoonotic implications, awareness among veterinary laboratories and strategies for the use of antimicrobials in small animal practice need to be considered.
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first report of multiresistant meca positive Staphylococcus Intermedius in europe 12 cases from a veterinary dermatology referral clinic in germany
Veterinary Dermatology, 2007Co-Authors: Anette Loeffler, Luca Guardabassi, Monika Linek, Arshnee Moodley, Julia M L Sung, Margit Winkler, R Weiss, D H LloydAbstract:Resistance to cephalosporins and/or fluoroquinolones by Staphylococcus Intermedius has remained low in Europe, with effective drugs generally available for systemic therapy in pets. However, multiresistant, mecA-positive S. Intermedius isolated from dogs and cats is now emerging in Europe. Twelve S. Intermedius isolates, highly resistant to at least five antimicrobial classes, were isolated from skin and ear infections in 11 dogs and a cat. The 12 isolates represented 23% of all S. Intermedius submissions from one veterinary dermatology referral clinic in northern Germany to veterinary diagnostic laboratories during an 18-month period and resistance included cefalexin, methicillin and enrofloxacin. The animals had been referred to the clinic with recurrent superficial pyoderma, deep pyoderma, pododermatitis or chronic otitis, all unresponsive to systemic beta-lactam-antibiotics or fluoroquinolones. Infection resolved in 10 dogs and the cat on a combination of antimicrobial treatment and correction of underlying causes. Four dogs and a cat required systemic and topical therapy; in six dogs topical antimicrobial therapy alone was successful. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the S. Intermedius isolates were determined; species identification was confirmed by polymerase chain detection of thermonuclease genes (nuc) and the presence and expression of the gene conferring resistance to all beta-lactam antibiotics (mecA) were demonstrated in all; based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, six were indistinguishable, the others closely or possibly related. The emergence of multiresistant, mecA-positive S. Intermedius in Europe is alarming. Zoonotic implications, awareness among veterinary laboratories and strategies for the use of antimicrobials in small animal practice need to be considered.
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population genetic structure of the Staphylococcus Intermedius group insights into agr diversification and the emergence of methicillin resistant strains
Journal of Bacteriology, 2007Co-Authors: Jeanette Bannoehr, Keith L. Thoday, Luca Guardabassi, Nouri Ben L Zakour, Andrew S Waller, Adri H M Van Den Broek, Ross J FitzgeraldAbstract:The population genetic structure of the animal pathogen Staphylococcus Intermedius is poorly understood. We carried out a multilocus sequence phylogenetic analysis of isolates from broad host and geographic origins to investigate inter- and intraspecies diversity. We found that isolates phenotypically identified as S. Intermedius are differentiated into three closely related species, S. Intermedius, Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius, and Staphylococcus delphini. S. pseudIntermedius, not S. Intermedius, is the common cause of canine pyoderma and occasionally causes zoonotic infections of humans. Over 60 extant STs were identified among the S. pseudIntermedius isolates examined, including several that were distributed on different continents. As the agr quorum-sensing system of staphylococci is thought to have evolved along lines of speciation within the genus, we examined the allelic variation of agrD, which encodes the autoinducing peptide (AIP). Four AIP variants were encoded by S. pseudIntermedius isolates, and identical AIP variants were shared among the three species, suggesting that a common quorum-sensing capacity has been conserved in spite of species differentiation in largely distinct ecological niches. A lack of clonal association of agr alleles suggests that assortive recombination may have contributed to the distribution of agr diversity. Finally, we discovered that the recent emergence of methicillin-resistant strains was due to multiple acquisitions of the mecA gene by different S. pseudIntermedius clones found on different continents. Taken together, these data have resolved the population genetic structure of the S. Intermedius group, resulting in new insights into its ancient and recent evolution.
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transmission of multiple antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus Intermedius between dogs affected by deep pyoderma and their owners
Veterinary Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Luca Guardabassi, M E Loeber, A JacobsonAbstract:Abstract The occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus Intermedius strains was investigated in 13 dogs affected by deep pyoderma, their owners and 13 individuals without daily contact with dogs (control group). A total of 90 canine and 33 human S. Intermedius isolates were typed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to determine their possible identity. The occurrence of S. Intermedius in dog-owners was significantly higher compared with the control group (Fisher’s exact test, P=0.03), with S. Intermedius being detected in seven dog-owners and in one individual not exposed to dogs. The results of the PFGE analysis showed that six out of 13 (46%) owners carried strains identical to those isolated from their dogs. Strains detected in both dogs and humans were resistant up to five different antimicrobial classes, including penicillins, fusidic acid, macrolides/lincosamides, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Based on the results of this study, owners of dogs affected by deep pyoderma often carry multiple antimicrobial-resistant strains of S. Intermedius occurring in their dogs. Independent of the direction and modalities of transmission, this finding raises questions concerning the possible transfer of resistance genes from canine S. Intermedius to human pathogenic staphylococci.
Careyann D Burnham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius isolates of human and animal origin
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Romney M Humphries, Careyann D Burnham, Sara D Lawhon, Meghan A Wallace, Eileen M Burd, Lars F Westblade, Amy Robertson, Janet A HindlerAbstract:MIC results for 115 Staphylococcus Intermedius group isolates are presented. Of these, 33% were methicillin resistant, among which 51.4% were susceptible to doxycycline, 29.7% to clindamycin, and 21.6% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All of the isolates were susceptible to ceftaroline, daptomycin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, rifampin, tigecycline, and vancomycin. Of all the isolates, 82.6%, 67.8%, and 23.5% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and penicillin, respectively. No isolates harbored mupA or qacA/B genes, which suggested a lack of resistance to mupirocin or chlorhexidine.
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evaluation of oxacillin and cefoxitin disk and mic breakpoints for prediction of methicillin resistance in human and veterinary isolates of Staphylococcus Intermedius group
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Careyann D Burnham, Dien J Bard, Sara D Lawhon, Meghan A Wallace, Theresa Stanley, Eileen M Burd, Lars F WestbladeAbstract:Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius is a coagulase-positive species that colonizes the nares and anal mucosa of healthy dogs and cats. Human infections with S. pseudIntermedius range in severity from bite wounds and rhinosinusitis to endocarditis; historically, these infections were thought to be uncommon, but new laboratory methods suggest that their true incidence is underreported. Oxacillin and cefoxitin disk and MIC tests were evaluated for the detection of mecA- or mecC-mediated methicillin resistance in 115 human and animal isolates of the Staphylococcus Intermedius group (SIG), including 111 Staphylococcus pseudIntermediusand 4 Staphylococcus delphini isolates, 37 of which were mecA positive. The disk and MIC breakpoints evaluated included the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100-S25 Staphylococcus aureus/Staphylococcus lugdunensis oxacillin MIC breakpoints and cefoxitin disk and MIC breakpoints, the CLSI M100-S25 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) oxacillin MIC breakpoint and cefoxitin disk breakpoint, the CLSI VET01-S2 S. pseudIntermedius oxacillin MIC and disk breakpoints, and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) S. pseudIntermedius cefoxitin disk breakpoint. The oxacillin results interpreted by the VET01-S2 (disk and MIC) and M100-S25 CoNS (MIC) breakpoints agreed with the results of mecA/mecC PCR for all isolates, with the exception of one false-resistant result (1.3% of mecA/mecC PCR-negative isolates). In contrast, cefoxitin tests performed poorly, ranging from 3 to 89% false susceptibility (very major errors) and 0 to 48% false resistance (major errors). BD Phoenix, bioMerieux Vitek 2, and Beckman Coulter MicroScan commercial automated susceptibility test panel oxacillin MIC results were also evaluated and demonstrated >95% categorical agreement with mecA/mecC PCR results if interpreted by using the M100-S25 CoNS breakpoint. The Alere penicillin-binding protein 2a test accurately detected all mecA-positive isolates, although for four isolates, cefoxitin induction was required prior to testing. These data demonstrate that the cefoxitin surrogate test does not reliably detect the presence of mecA in S. pseudIntermedius isolates and that laboratories should perform oxacillin disk or MIC tests of these isolates when they are encountered.
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evaluation of an immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of penicillin binding protein 2a in human and animal Staphylococcus Intermedius group Staphylococcus lugdunensis and Staphylococcus schleiferi clinical isolates
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Amanda R Arnold, Careyann D Burnham, Sara D Lawhon, David Lonsway, Bradley Ford, Sigrid K Mcallister, Valerie Albrecht, Robert C Jerris, J K Rasheed, Brandi LimbagoAbstract:ABSTRACT The performance of a rapid penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) detection assay, the Alere PBP2a culture colony test, was evaluated for identification of PBP2a-mediated beta-lactam resistance in human and animal clinical isolates of Staphylococcus Intermedius group, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, and Staphylococcus schleiferi. The assay was sensitive and specific, with all PBP2a-negative and PBP2a-positive strains testing negative and positive, respectively.
Eileen M Burd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius isolates of human and animal origin
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Romney M Humphries, Careyann D Burnham, Sara D Lawhon, Meghan A Wallace, Eileen M Burd, Lars F Westblade, Amy Robertson, Janet A HindlerAbstract:MIC results for 115 Staphylococcus Intermedius group isolates are presented. Of these, 33% were methicillin resistant, among which 51.4% were susceptible to doxycycline, 29.7% to clindamycin, and 21.6% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All of the isolates were susceptible to ceftaroline, daptomycin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, rifampin, tigecycline, and vancomycin. Of all the isolates, 82.6%, 67.8%, and 23.5% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and penicillin, respectively. No isolates harbored mupA or qacA/B genes, which suggested a lack of resistance to mupirocin or chlorhexidine.
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evaluation of oxacillin and cefoxitin disk and mic breakpoints for prediction of methicillin resistance in human and veterinary isolates of Staphylococcus Intermedius group
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Careyann D Burnham, Dien J Bard, Sara D Lawhon, Meghan A Wallace, Theresa Stanley, Eileen M Burd, Lars F WestbladeAbstract:Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius is a coagulase-positive species that colonizes the nares and anal mucosa of healthy dogs and cats. Human infections with S. pseudIntermedius range in severity from bite wounds and rhinosinusitis to endocarditis; historically, these infections were thought to be uncommon, but new laboratory methods suggest that their true incidence is underreported. Oxacillin and cefoxitin disk and MIC tests were evaluated for the detection of mecA- or mecC-mediated methicillin resistance in 115 human and animal isolates of the Staphylococcus Intermedius group (SIG), including 111 Staphylococcus pseudIntermediusand 4 Staphylococcus delphini isolates, 37 of which were mecA positive. The disk and MIC breakpoints evaluated included the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100-S25 Staphylococcus aureus/Staphylococcus lugdunensis oxacillin MIC breakpoints and cefoxitin disk and MIC breakpoints, the CLSI M100-S25 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) oxacillin MIC breakpoint and cefoxitin disk breakpoint, the CLSI VET01-S2 S. pseudIntermedius oxacillin MIC and disk breakpoints, and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) S. pseudIntermedius cefoxitin disk breakpoint. The oxacillin results interpreted by the VET01-S2 (disk and MIC) and M100-S25 CoNS (MIC) breakpoints agreed with the results of mecA/mecC PCR for all isolates, with the exception of one false-resistant result (1.3% of mecA/mecC PCR-negative isolates). In contrast, cefoxitin tests performed poorly, ranging from 3 to 89% false susceptibility (very major errors) and 0 to 48% false resistance (major errors). BD Phoenix, bioMerieux Vitek 2, and Beckman Coulter MicroScan commercial automated susceptibility test panel oxacillin MIC results were also evaluated and demonstrated >95% categorical agreement with mecA/mecC PCR results if interpreted by using the M100-S25 CoNS breakpoint. The Alere penicillin-binding protein 2a test accurately detected all mecA-positive isolates, although for four isolates, cefoxitin induction was required prior to testing. These data demonstrate that the cefoxitin surrogate test does not reliably detect the presence of mecA in S. pseudIntermedius isolates and that laboratories should perform oxacillin disk or MIC tests of these isolates when they are encountered.
Stephen A. Kania - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synergistic hemolysis between β lysin producing Staphylococcus species and rothia nasimurium in primary cultures of clinical specimens obtained from dogs
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2014Co-Authors: David A. Bemis, Mary Jean Bryant, Porsha P Reed, Rupal A Brahmbhatt, Stephen A. KaniaAbstract:Nonhemolytic isolates of catalase-positive, Gram-positive cocci were observed that produced strong synergistic hemolysis with colonies of Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. coagulans in primary cultures of clinical specimens from dogs. The isolates appeared similar to nonhemolytic staphylococci but were not identified with conventional biochemical tests or commercial biochemical test kits. Partial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences from each of 9 tested isolates were nearly identical to that of Rothia nasimurium. The isolates produced positive Christie-Atkins- Munch-Peterson test reactions with Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC strain 25923) and Staphylococcus Intermedius Hajek (ATCC strain 49052). The latter was identified in the current study as S. pseudIntermedius. Rothia nasimurium appears to be a previously unreported commensal organism in dogs. Its potential significance as an opportunistic contributor to polymicrobial infections in dogs is not known.
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prevalence of oxacillin and multidrug resistant staphylococci in clinical samples from dogs 1 772 samples 2001 2005
Javma-journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association, 2007Co-Authors: Rebekah D Jones, Stephen A. Kania, Barton W Rohrbach, Linda A Frank, David A. BemisAbstract:Objective—To determine whether resistance to oxacillin and other antimicrobials in 3 Staphylococcus spp commonly isolated from dogs increased from 2001 to 2005. Design—Retrospective case series. Sample Population—1,772 clinical samples of various types obtained from dogs examined at the University of Tennessee Veterinary Teaching Hospital or at regional veterinary hospitals and submitted to the bacteriology and mycology laboratories associated with the teaching hospital. Procedures—Samples were submitted by attending veterinarians to the bacteriology and mycology laboratories for routine aerobic microbial culture. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility procedures were performed on all isolates. Susceptibility reports for each antimicrobial and Staphylococcus spp were determined from aggregate electronically archived test results. Oxacillin and multidrug resistance for Staphylococcus Intermedius was analyzed by reviewing disk diffusion zone measurements. Results—Oxacillin resistance increased amon...
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comparison of tests to detect oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus Intermedius Staphylococcus schleiferi and Staphylococcus aureus isolates from canine hosts
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2006Co-Authors: David A. Bemis, Rebekah D Jones, Lauren E Hiatt, Edward Ofori, Barton W Rohrbach, Linda A Frank, Stephen A. KaniaAbstract:Multiple tests were compared to the reference standard PBP2a latex agglutination test for detection of mecA-mediated oxacillin resistance in canine staphylococci. Cefoxitin disk diffusion, using breakpoints for human isolates of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., had low sensitivity for detection of oxacillin resistance in members of the Staphylococcus Intermedius group.
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methicillin resistance of staphylococci isolated from the skin of dogs with pyoderma
American Journal of Veterinary Research, 2004Co-Authors: Stephen A. Kania, Rebekah D Jones, Linda A Frank, Nicola L Williamson, Rebecca P Wilkes, David A. BemisAbstract:Objective—To determine the methicillin-resistant profile of staphylococcal isolates from the skin of dogs with pyoderma. Animals—90 dogs with pyoderma. Procedure—Staphylococci isolated from dogs with pyoderma were tested for susceptibility to methicillin by use of a standard disk diffusion test with oxacillin disks. The DNA extracted from the isolates was tested for the mecA gene that encodes the penicillinbinding protein 2a (PBP2a) by use of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The expression of PBP2a was determined with a commercial latex agglutination assay. Species of staphylococcal isolates were identified by use of morphologic, biochemical, and enzymatic tests. Results—Most of the isolated staphylococci were methicillin-susceptible, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Intermedius isolates. Whereas only 2 of 57 S Intermedius isolates were resistant to methicillin, approximately half of the isolates had the mecA gene and produced PBP2a. Staphylococcus schleiferi was the second most common isolate. W...
Sara D Lawhon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius isolates of human and animal origin
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Romney M Humphries, Careyann D Burnham, Sara D Lawhon, Meghan A Wallace, Eileen M Burd, Lars F Westblade, Amy Robertson, Janet A HindlerAbstract:MIC results for 115 Staphylococcus Intermedius group isolates are presented. Of these, 33% were methicillin resistant, among which 51.4% were susceptible to doxycycline, 29.7% to clindamycin, and 21.6% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All of the isolates were susceptible to ceftaroline, daptomycin, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, rifampin, tigecycline, and vancomycin. Of all the isolates, 82.6%, 67.8%, and 23.5% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and penicillin, respectively. No isolates harbored mupA or qacA/B genes, which suggested a lack of resistance to mupirocin or chlorhexidine.
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evaluation of oxacillin and cefoxitin disk and mic breakpoints for prediction of methicillin resistance in human and veterinary isolates of Staphylococcus Intermedius group
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Careyann D Burnham, Dien J Bard, Sara D Lawhon, Meghan A Wallace, Theresa Stanley, Eileen M Burd, Lars F WestbladeAbstract:Staphylococcus pseudIntermedius is a coagulase-positive species that colonizes the nares and anal mucosa of healthy dogs and cats. Human infections with S. pseudIntermedius range in severity from bite wounds and rhinosinusitis to endocarditis; historically, these infections were thought to be uncommon, but new laboratory methods suggest that their true incidence is underreported. Oxacillin and cefoxitin disk and MIC tests were evaluated for the detection of mecA- or mecC-mediated methicillin resistance in 115 human and animal isolates of the Staphylococcus Intermedius group (SIG), including 111 Staphylococcus pseudIntermediusand 4 Staphylococcus delphini isolates, 37 of which were mecA positive. The disk and MIC breakpoints evaluated included the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100-S25 Staphylococcus aureus/Staphylococcus lugdunensis oxacillin MIC breakpoints and cefoxitin disk and MIC breakpoints, the CLSI M100-S25 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) oxacillin MIC breakpoint and cefoxitin disk breakpoint, the CLSI VET01-S2 S. pseudIntermedius oxacillin MIC and disk breakpoints, and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) S. pseudIntermedius cefoxitin disk breakpoint. The oxacillin results interpreted by the VET01-S2 (disk and MIC) and M100-S25 CoNS (MIC) breakpoints agreed with the results of mecA/mecC PCR for all isolates, with the exception of one false-resistant result (1.3% of mecA/mecC PCR-negative isolates). In contrast, cefoxitin tests performed poorly, ranging from 3 to 89% false susceptibility (very major errors) and 0 to 48% false resistance (major errors). BD Phoenix, bioMerieux Vitek 2, and Beckman Coulter MicroScan commercial automated susceptibility test panel oxacillin MIC results were also evaluated and demonstrated >95% categorical agreement with mecA/mecC PCR results if interpreted by using the M100-S25 CoNS breakpoint. The Alere penicillin-binding protein 2a test accurately detected all mecA-positive isolates, although for four isolates, cefoxitin induction was required prior to testing. These data demonstrate that the cefoxitin surrogate test does not reliably detect the presence of mecA in S. pseudIntermedius isolates and that laboratories should perform oxacillin disk or MIC tests of these isolates when they are encountered.
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evaluation of an immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of penicillin binding protein 2a in human and animal Staphylococcus Intermedius group Staphylococcus lugdunensis and Staphylococcus schleiferi clinical isolates
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Amanda R Arnold, Careyann D Burnham, Sara D Lawhon, David Lonsway, Bradley Ford, Sigrid K Mcallister, Valerie Albrecht, Robert C Jerris, J K Rasheed, Brandi LimbagoAbstract:ABSTRACT The performance of a rapid penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) detection assay, the Alere PBP2a culture colony test, was evaluated for identification of PBP2a-mediated beta-lactam resistance in human and animal clinical isolates of Staphylococcus Intermedius group, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, and Staphylococcus schleiferi. The assay was sensitive and specific, with all PBP2a-negative and PBP2a-positive strains testing negative and positive, respectively.