The Experts below are selected from a list of 54 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Paul Ohiggins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • estimation of sex from Sternal measurements in a western australian population
    Forensic Science International, 2012
    Co-Authors: Daniel Franklin, Ambika Flavel, Algis Kuliukas, Andrea Cardini, Murray K Marks, Charles Oxnard, Paul Ohiggins
    Abstract:

    In Australia, particularly Western Australia, there is a relative paucity of contemporary population-specific morphometric standards for the estimation of sex from unknown skeletal remains. This is largely a historical artefact from lacking, or poorly documented, repositories of human skeletons available for study. However, medical scans, e.g. MSCT (multislice spiral computed tomography) are an ingenious and practical alternative source for contemporary data. To that end, this study is a comprehensive analysis of Sternal sexual dimorphism in a sample of modern Western Australian (WA) individuals with a main purpose to develop a series of statistically robust standards for the estimation of sex. The sample comprises thoracic MSCT scans, with a mean of 0.9 millimeter (mm) slice thickness, on 187 non-pathological sterna. Following 3D volume rendering, 10 anatomical landmarks were acquired using OsiriX(®) (version 3.9) and a total of 8 inter landmark linear measurements were calculated using Morph Db (an in-house developed database application). Measurements were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics and discriminant function analyses, with statistical analyses performed using SPSS 19.0. All measurements are sexually dimorphic and sex differences explain 9.8-47.4% of sample variance. The combined length of the manubrium and Body, Sternal Body length, manubrium width, and corpus sterni width at first sternebra contribute significantly to sex discrimination and yield the smallest sex-biases. Cross-validated classification accuracies, i.e., univariate, stepwise and direct function, are 72.2-84.5%, with a sex bias of less than 5%. We conclude that the sternum is a reliable element for sex estimation among Western Australians.

Ugur Kosar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sex determination from measurements of the sternum and fourth rib using multislice computed tomography of the chest
    Forensic Science International, 2010
    Co-Authors: Selma Uysal Ramadan, Nursel Turkmen, Anil N Dolgun, Dilek Gokharman, Ritesh G Menezes, Mahmut Kacar, Ugur Kosar
    Abstract:

    Abstract Introduction One of the most important data that can be obtained from bones is sex determination for which the recommended method is taking metric measurements. Metric measurements can be performed directly on dried bones obtained from the cadaver or indirectly from their radiographs. Aim We assessed the accuracy of sex determination and the applicability of previously defined rules using the sternum and 4th rib measurement data from chest multislice computed tomography (MSCT) imaging of 340 patients and developed a model/formula that would provide the best way to determine sex. Methods We analyzed the chest MSCT of 340 patients (143 females, 197 males; mean age: 57.6 ± 15.2 years) and created a coronal image parallel to the Sternal long axis and a coronal image at the level of Sternal ending of the 4th rib. The 5 Sternal measurements [length of the manubrium and Sternal Body, combined length of the manubrium and Sternal Body (CL), manubrium width and corpus sterni width] and 4th rib width (FRW) described in the literature were obtained. Sternal index (SI) and Sternal area (SA) were calculated from these measurements. Results The left FRW values were used for sex determination as the left FRW was found to be more significant than the right FRW. An accuracy of over 80% was achieved for sex determination when the “142 rule” was used for CL only, a cut-off value of 5600 mm 2 for SA only and a cut-off value of 16 mm for FRW only. We found that Hyrtl's law and SI did not provide adequate accuracy for sex determination in our patients. The model with the highest accuracy (88.2%) for sex determination used SA and FRW together. We also believe that the best predictors for sex determination using the sternum and 4th rib are SA and FRW, similar to the Torwalt and Hoppa report. Conclusion Radiological methods such as MSCT are useful in making reliable measurements to be used in various anthropological and forensic investigations and determining their accuracy.

Yary Volpe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • towards a cad based automatic procedure for patient specific cutting guides to assist Sternal osteotomies in pectus arcuatum surgical correction
    Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, 2019
    Co-Authors: Monica Carfagni, Flavio Facchini, Rocco Furferi, Marco Ghionzoli, Lapo Governi, Antonio Messineo, Francesca Uccheddu, Yary Volpe
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pectus Arcuatum, a rare congenital chest wall deformity, is characterized by the protrusion and early ossification of Sternal angle thus configuring as a mixed form of excavatum and carinatum features. Surgical correction of pectus arcuatum always includes one or more horizontal Sternal osteotomies, consisting in performing a V-shaped horizontal cutting of the sternum (resection prism) by means of an oscillating power saw. The angle between the saw and the Sternal Body in the V-shaped cut is determined according to the peculiarity of the specific Sternal arch. The choice of the right angle, decided by the surgeon on the basis of her/his experience, is crucial for a successful intervention. The availability of a patient-specific surgical guide conveying the correct cutting angles can considerably improve the chances of success and, at the same time, reduce the intervention time. The present paper aims to propose a new CAD-based approach to design and produce custom-made surgical guides, manufactured by using additive manufacturing techniques, to assist the Sternal osteotomy. Starting from CT images, the procedure allows to determine correct resection prism and to shape the surgical guide accordingly taking into account additive manufacturing capabilities. Virtually tested against three case studies the procedure demonstrated its effectiveness.

  • Towards a CAD-based automatic procedure for patient specific cutting guides to assist Sternal osteotomies in pectus arcuatum surgical correction
    Elsevier, 2019
    Co-Authors: Monica Carfagni, Flavio Facchini, Rocco Furferi, Marco Ghionzoli, Lapo Governi, Antonio Messineo, Francesca Uccheddu, Yary Volpe
    Abstract:

    Pectus Arcuatum, a rare congenital chest wall deformity, is characterized by the protrusion and early ossification of Sternal angle thus configuring as a mixed form of excavatum and carinatum features. Surgical correction of pectus arcuatum always includes one or more horizontal Sternal osteotomies, consisting in performing a V-shaped horizontal cutting of the sternum (resection prism) by means of an oscillating power saw. The angle between the saw and the Sternal Body in the V-shaped cut is determined according to the peculiarity of the specific Sternal arch. The choice of the right angle, decided by the surgeon on the basis of her/his experience, is crucial for a successful intervention. The availability of a patient-specific surgical guide conveying the correct cutting angles can considerably improve the chances of success and, at the same time, reduce the intervention time. The present paper aims to propose a new CAD-based approach to design and produce custom-made surgical guides, manufactured by using additive manufacturing techniques, to assist the Sternal osteotomy. Starting from CT images, the procedure allows to determine correct resection prism and to shape the surgical guide accordingly taking into account additive manufacturing capabilities. Virtually tested against three case studies the procedure demonstrated its effectiveness. Keywords: Design for additive manufacturing, CAD, Medical imaging, Biomedical device

Selma Uysal Ramadan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sex determination from measurements of the sternum and fourth rib using multislice computed tomography of the chest
    Forensic Science International, 2010
    Co-Authors: Selma Uysal Ramadan, Nursel Turkmen, Anil N Dolgun, Dilek Gokharman, Ritesh G Menezes, Mahmut Kacar, Ugur Kosar
    Abstract:

    Abstract Introduction One of the most important data that can be obtained from bones is sex determination for which the recommended method is taking metric measurements. Metric measurements can be performed directly on dried bones obtained from the cadaver or indirectly from their radiographs. Aim We assessed the accuracy of sex determination and the applicability of previously defined rules using the sternum and 4th rib measurement data from chest multislice computed tomography (MSCT) imaging of 340 patients and developed a model/formula that would provide the best way to determine sex. Methods We analyzed the chest MSCT of 340 patients (143 females, 197 males; mean age: 57.6 ± 15.2 years) and created a coronal image parallel to the Sternal long axis and a coronal image at the level of Sternal ending of the 4th rib. The 5 Sternal measurements [length of the manubrium and Sternal Body, combined length of the manubrium and Sternal Body (CL), manubrium width and corpus sterni width] and 4th rib width (FRW) described in the literature were obtained. Sternal index (SI) and Sternal area (SA) were calculated from these measurements. Results The left FRW values were used for sex determination as the left FRW was found to be more significant than the right FRW. An accuracy of over 80% was achieved for sex determination when the “142 rule” was used for CL only, a cut-off value of 5600 mm 2 for SA only and a cut-off value of 16 mm for FRW only. We found that Hyrtl's law and SI did not provide adequate accuracy for sex determination in our patients. The model with the highest accuracy (88.2%) for sex determination used SA and FRW together. We also believe that the best predictors for sex determination using the sternum and 4th rib are SA and FRW, similar to the Torwalt and Hoppa report. Conclusion Radiological methods such as MSCT are useful in making reliable measurements to be used in various anthropological and forensic investigations and determining their accuracy.

Monica Carfagni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • towards a cad based automatic procedure for patient specific cutting guides to assist Sternal osteotomies in pectus arcuatum surgical correction
    Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, 2019
    Co-Authors: Monica Carfagni, Flavio Facchini, Rocco Furferi, Marco Ghionzoli, Lapo Governi, Antonio Messineo, Francesca Uccheddu, Yary Volpe
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pectus Arcuatum, a rare congenital chest wall deformity, is characterized by the protrusion and early ossification of Sternal angle thus configuring as a mixed form of excavatum and carinatum features. Surgical correction of pectus arcuatum always includes one or more horizontal Sternal osteotomies, consisting in performing a V-shaped horizontal cutting of the sternum (resection prism) by means of an oscillating power saw. The angle between the saw and the Sternal Body in the V-shaped cut is determined according to the peculiarity of the specific Sternal arch. The choice of the right angle, decided by the surgeon on the basis of her/his experience, is crucial for a successful intervention. The availability of a patient-specific surgical guide conveying the correct cutting angles can considerably improve the chances of success and, at the same time, reduce the intervention time. The present paper aims to propose a new CAD-based approach to design and produce custom-made surgical guides, manufactured by using additive manufacturing techniques, to assist the Sternal osteotomy. Starting from CT images, the procedure allows to determine correct resection prism and to shape the surgical guide accordingly taking into account additive manufacturing capabilities. Virtually tested against three case studies the procedure demonstrated its effectiveness.

  • Towards a CAD-based automatic procedure for patient specific cutting guides to assist Sternal osteotomies in pectus arcuatum surgical correction
    Elsevier, 2019
    Co-Authors: Monica Carfagni, Flavio Facchini, Rocco Furferi, Marco Ghionzoli, Lapo Governi, Antonio Messineo, Francesca Uccheddu, Yary Volpe
    Abstract:

    Pectus Arcuatum, a rare congenital chest wall deformity, is characterized by the protrusion and early ossification of Sternal angle thus configuring as a mixed form of excavatum and carinatum features. Surgical correction of pectus arcuatum always includes one or more horizontal Sternal osteotomies, consisting in performing a V-shaped horizontal cutting of the sternum (resection prism) by means of an oscillating power saw. The angle between the saw and the Sternal Body in the V-shaped cut is determined according to the peculiarity of the specific Sternal arch. The choice of the right angle, decided by the surgeon on the basis of her/his experience, is crucial for a successful intervention. The availability of a patient-specific surgical guide conveying the correct cutting angles can considerably improve the chances of success and, at the same time, reduce the intervention time. The present paper aims to propose a new CAD-based approach to design and produce custom-made surgical guides, manufactured by using additive manufacturing techniques, to assist the Sternal osteotomy. Starting from CT images, the procedure allows to determine correct resection prism and to shape the surgical guide accordingly taking into account additive manufacturing capabilities. Virtually tested against three case studies the procedure demonstrated its effectiveness. Keywords: Design for additive manufacturing, CAD, Medical imaging, Biomedical device