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Tatu A. Miettinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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non choleSterol Sterols in serum and endarterectomized carotid arteries after a short term plant stanol and Sterol Ester challenge
Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Tatu A. Miettinen, Markku J. Nissinen, M Lepantalo, Anders Alback, M Railo, Pirkka Vikatmaa, Markku Kaste, Satu Mustanoja, Helena GyllingAbstract:Abstract Background and Aims It is not known whether dietary intake of plant stanols or Sterols changes the composition of arterial Sterols. Therefore, we compared serum and carotid artery choleSterol and non-choleSterol Sterols after plant stanol (staest) or Sterol (steest) Ester feeding in endarterectomized patients. Methods and Results Elderly statin-treated asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were randomized double-blind to consume staest ( n =11) or steest ( n =11) spread (2g of stanol or Sterol/day) for four weeks preoperatively. Non-choleSterol Sterols from serum and carotid artery tissue were analysed with gas-liquid chromatography. Staest spread lowered serum total (17.2%), VLDL, and LDL choleSterol and serum triglycerides, while steest spread lowered serum total (13.8%) and LDL choleSterol levels from baseline ( p p Conclusion The novel observations were that plant stanol Ester consumption, in contrast to plant Sterols, tended to reduce carotid artery plant Sterols in statin-treated patients. Furthermore, despite increased serum sitostanol contents during plant stanol Ester consumption, their arterial levels were unchanged suggesting that sitostanol is not taken up into the arterial wall.
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Long-term consumption of plant stanol and Sterol Esters, vascular function and genetic regulation
The British journal of nutrition, 2008Co-Authors: Helena Gylling, M. A. Hallikainen, Olli T. Raitakari, Markku Laakso, Erkki Vartiainen, Pia Salo, Vesa Korpelainen, Jouko Sundvall, Tatu A. MiettinenAbstract:Polymorphisms of the ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes interfere with choleSterol absorption and synthesis. We determined whether common polymorphisms of these genes regulate the responses of serum choleSterol and vascular function during long-term inhibition of choleSterol absorption. Mildly to moderately hypercholeSterolaemic subjects (n 282) completed a 1-year study consuming plant stanol or Sterol Ester (2 g stanol or Sterol) or control spread. Serum choleSterol and non-choleSterol Sterols, markers of choleSterol absorption and synthesis, and variables of vascular function and structure were analysed in relation to common polymorphisms of ABCG5 and ABCG8. At baseline, subjects with the 54K allele of ABCG8 had higher brachial endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilatation than those without it (5.79 (se 0.31) v. 4.46 (se 0.44) %; P = 0.049), and subjects with the 632V allele of ABCG8 had larger brachial artery diameter than those without it. Polymorphisms of ABCG5 and ABCG8 were neither associated with serum choleSterol reduction nor changes in choleSterol metabolism or in vascular function. However, in subjects with the 400K allele of ABCG8, intima media thickness (IMT) was increased in all groups more than in those without it (P < 0.05). In conclusion, serum choleSterol lowering with absorption inhibition was not associated with polymorphic sites of ABCG5 and ABCG8. However, regulation of baseline choleSterol metabolism and vascular function and structure, and IMT progression during 1 year seemed to share some of the common polymorphic sites of these genes, suggesting a gene-regulated interaction between choleSterol metabolism and vascular function and structure.
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vascular effects of diets especially plant Sterol Ester consumption
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2008Co-Authors: Tatu A. Miettinen, Helena GyllingAbstract:Long-term occurrence of coronary risk factors, especially increased serum total and low-density lipoprotein choleSterol concentration, results in impaired endothelial function through a slow accumulation of lipids, mainly of choleSterol, to arterial endothelium ([1][1]) developing finally over
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Effect of statins on noncholeSterol Sterol levels: implications for use of plant stanols and Sterols.
American Journal of Cardiology, 2005Co-Authors: Tatu A. MiettinenAbstract:Normal serum contains small amounts of noncholeSterol Sterols, including those reflecting choleSterol absorption and those that are markers of choleSterol synthesis. Absorption marker Sterols include serum plant Sterols, whereas choleSterol precursor Sterols correlate with whole-body synthesis of choleSterol. Thus, serum noncholeSterol Sterols, and especially their ratios to choleSterol, can be used to evaluate the major features of choleSterol metabolism (ie, synthesis and absorption). Statin treatment reduces serum choleSterol precursors but increases serum plant Sterols severalfold, especially in subjects with high-absorption marker Sterol levels indicative of efficient choleSterol and Sterol absorption in general. Statin therapy is most effective in subjects with high serum choleSterol precursor levels. In subjects with high-absorption Sterol markers, dietary choleSterol absorption inhibition (eg, with plant stanol and Sterol Ester margarine) needs to be combined with a statin to achieve effective serum choleSterol reduction. However, whereas dietary plant stanol Esters reduce statin-induced elevations of serum plant Sterol levels, serum plant Sterol levels remain elevated during dietary plant Sterol Ester consumption. The clinical implication of high serum plant Sterol levels is under active investigation.
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non choleSterol Sterols in serum lipoproteins and red cells in statin treated fh subjects off and on plant stanol and Sterol Ester spreads
Clinica Chimica Acta, 2005Co-Authors: Anna Ketomäki, Helena Gylling, Tatu A. MiettinenAbstract:Abstract Background Serum plant Sterol levels are increased by consumption of statins and dietary plant Sterols, and decreased by dietary plant stanols, but little is known about combination therapy of statin and plant Sterols. Methods We measured plant Sterols in serum, lipoproteins, and red cells in subjects with familial hypercholeSterolemia (FH) (n=18) treated with variable doses of statins off and on plant stanol (STA) and Sterol Ester (STE) spreads. Results STA and STE spreads lowered LDL choleSterol ∼15%. Plant Sterols were decreased in serum, lipoproteins, and red cells by ∼25% with STA and increased from 37% to 80% with STE, especially with high statin doses. The changes in serum were related to those in red cells. The baseline levels of serum plant Sterols were negatively (r-range −0.639 to −0.935) and positively (r-range 0.526 to 0.598) correlated with the respective changes evoked by the STA and STE spreads. Conclusions STE reduces LDL choleSterol, but increases serum, lipoprotein, and red cell plant Sterol levels in statin-treated FH subjects, while all the respective values are decreased with STA. Recent predictions that elevated serum plant Sterols pose an increased coronary risk suggest that increases of serum plant Sterol levels should be avoided, especially in atherosclerosis-prone individuals, such as subjects with FH.
Helena Gylling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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non choleSterol Sterols in serum and endarterectomized carotid arteries after a short term plant stanol and Sterol Ester challenge
Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Tatu A. Miettinen, Markku J. Nissinen, M Lepantalo, Anders Alback, M Railo, Pirkka Vikatmaa, Markku Kaste, Satu Mustanoja, Helena GyllingAbstract:Abstract Background and Aims It is not known whether dietary intake of plant stanols or Sterols changes the composition of arterial Sterols. Therefore, we compared serum and carotid artery choleSterol and non-choleSterol Sterols after plant stanol (staest) or Sterol (steest) Ester feeding in endarterectomized patients. Methods and Results Elderly statin-treated asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were randomized double-blind to consume staest ( n =11) or steest ( n =11) spread (2g of stanol or Sterol/day) for four weeks preoperatively. Non-choleSterol Sterols from serum and carotid artery tissue were analysed with gas-liquid chromatography. Staest spread lowered serum total (17.2%), VLDL, and LDL choleSterol and serum triglycerides, while steest spread lowered serum total (13.8%) and LDL choleSterol levels from baseline ( p p Conclusion The novel observations were that plant stanol Ester consumption, in contrast to plant Sterols, tended to reduce carotid artery plant Sterols in statin-treated patients. Furthermore, despite increased serum sitostanol contents during plant stanol Ester consumption, their arterial levels were unchanged suggesting that sitostanol is not taken up into the arterial wall.
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Long-term consumption of plant stanol and Sterol Esters, vascular function and genetic regulation
The British journal of nutrition, 2008Co-Authors: Helena Gylling, M. A. Hallikainen, Olli T. Raitakari, Markku Laakso, Erkki Vartiainen, Pia Salo, Vesa Korpelainen, Jouko Sundvall, Tatu A. MiettinenAbstract:Polymorphisms of the ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes interfere with choleSterol absorption and synthesis. We determined whether common polymorphisms of these genes regulate the responses of serum choleSterol and vascular function during long-term inhibition of choleSterol absorption. Mildly to moderately hypercholeSterolaemic subjects (n 282) completed a 1-year study consuming plant stanol or Sterol Ester (2 g stanol or Sterol) or control spread. Serum choleSterol and non-choleSterol Sterols, markers of choleSterol absorption and synthesis, and variables of vascular function and structure were analysed in relation to common polymorphisms of ABCG5 and ABCG8. At baseline, subjects with the 54K allele of ABCG8 had higher brachial endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilatation than those without it (5.79 (se 0.31) v. 4.46 (se 0.44) %; P = 0.049), and subjects with the 632V allele of ABCG8 had larger brachial artery diameter than those without it. Polymorphisms of ABCG5 and ABCG8 were neither associated with serum choleSterol reduction nor changes in choleSterol metabolism or in vascular function. However, in subjects with the 400K allele of ABCG8, intima media thickness (IMT) was increased in all groups more than in those without it (P < 0.05). In conclusion, serum choleSterol lowering with absorption inhibition was not associated with polymorphic sites of ABCG5 and ABCG8. However, regulation of baseline choleSterol metabolism and vascular function and structure, and IMT progression during 1 year seemed to share some of the common polymorphic sites of these genes, suggesting a gene-regulated interaction between choleSterol metabolism and vascular function and structure.
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vascular effects of diets especially plant Sterol Ester consumption
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2008Co-Authors: Tatu A. Miettinen, Helena GyllingAbstract:Long-term occurrence of coronary risk factors, especially increased serum total and low-density lipoprotein choleSterol concentration, results in impaired endothelial function through a slow accumulation of lipids, mainly of choleSterol, to arterial endothelium ([1][1]) developing finally over
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non choleSterol Sterols in serum lipoproteins and red cells in statin treated fh subjects off and on plant stanol and Sterol Ester spreads
Clinica Chimica Acta, 2005Co-Authors: Anna Ketomäki, Helena Gylling, Tatu A. MiettinenAbstract:Abstract Background Serum plant Sterol levels are increased by consumption of statins and dietary plant Sterols, and decreased by dietary plant stanols, but little is known about combination therapy of statin and plant Sterols. Methods We measured plant Sterols in serum, lipoproteins, and red cells in subjects with familial hypercholeSterolemia (FH) (n=18) treated with variable doses of statins off and on plant stanol (STA) and Sterol Ester (STE) spreads. Results STA and STE spreads lowered LDL choleSterol ∼15%. Plant Sterols were decreased in serum, lipoproteins, and red cells by ∼25% with STA and increased from 37% to 80% with STE, especially with high statin doses. The changes in serum were related to those in red cells. The baseline levels of serum plant Sterols were negatively (r-range −0.639 to −0.935) and positively (r-range 0.526 to 0.598) correlated with the respective changes evoked by the STA and STE spreads. Conclusions STE reduces LDL choleSterol, but increases serum, lipoprotein, and red cell plant Sterol levels in statin-treated FH subjects, while all the respective values are decreased with STA. Recent predictions that elevated serum plant Sterols pose an increased coronary risk suggest that increases of serum plant Sterol levels should be avoided, especially in atherosclerosis-prone individuals, such as subjects with FH.
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Plant stanol and Sterol Esters in prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Annals of medicine, 2004Co-Authors: Tatu A. Miettinen, Helena GyllingAbstract:Statin trials have indicated that effective reduction of serum choleSterol should last up to one year before reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases can be detected. This observation can be applied most probably also to the use of plant stanol/Sterol Ester spreads for the treatment of hypercholeSterolemia. However, despite the fact that the two spreads lower serum choleSterol similarly in short term studies, a comparison of one year results reveals an inconsistent effect of plant Sterol spread as compared with that of plant stanol spread on choleSterol concentration in both men and women. This favors the use of plant stanol Ester spread for long‐term lowering of serum choleSterol. Doses of about 2 g/day of plant stanols as fatty acid Ester spread enhances fecal elimination of choleSterol, but not of bile acids, through inhibition of choleSterol absorption by about 40%. This lowers serum total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) choleSterol despite enhanced compensatory increase in choleSterol synthesis by a...
Dieter Lutjohann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plant Sterol Ester diet supplementation increases serum plant Sterols and markers of choleSterol synthesis but has no effect on total choleSterol levels
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Oliver Weingartner, Ivan Bogeski, Carsten Kummerow, Stephan H Schirmer, Constanze Husche, Tim Vanmierlo, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Markus Hoth, Michael Bohm, Dieter LutjohannAbstract:This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention-study was conducted in healthy volunteers to evaluate the effects of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine on choleSterol, non-choleSterol Sterols and oxidative stress in serum and monocytes. Sixteen volunteers, average age 34 years, with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia were subjected to a 4 week period of daily intake of 3g plant Sterols per day supplied via a supplemented margarine on top of regular eating habits. After a wash-out period of one week, volunteers switched groups. Compared to placebo, a diet supplementation with plant Sterols increased serum levels of plant Sterols such as campeSterol (+0.16±0.19mg/dL, p=0.005) and sitoSterol (+0.27±0.18mg/dL, p<0.001) and increased markers of choleSterol synthesis such as desmoSterol (+0.05±0.07mg/dL, p=0.006) as well as lathoSterol (+0.11±0.16mg/dL, p=0.012). CholeSterol serum levels, however, were not changed significantly (+18.68±32.6mg/dL, p=0.052). These findings could not be verified in isolated circulating monocytes. Moreover, there was no effect on monocyte activation and no differences with regard to redox state after plant Sterol supplemented diet. Therefore, in a population of healthy volunteers with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia, consumption of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine results in increased concentrations of plant Sterols and choleSterol synthesis markers without affecting total choleSterol in the serum, activation of circulating monocytes or redox state.
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Plant Sterol Ester diet supplementation increases serum plant Sterols and markers of choleSterol synthesis, but has no effect on total choleSterol levels.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2016Co-Authors: Oliver Weingartner, Ivan Bogeski, Carsten Kummerow, Stephan H Schirmer, Constanze Husche, Tim Vanmierlo, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Markus Hoth, Michael Bohm, Dieter LutjohannAbstract:This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention-study was conducted in healthy volunteers to evaluate the effects of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine on choleSterol, non-choleSterol Sterols and oxidative stress in serum and monocytes. Sixteen volunteers, average age 34 years, with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia were subjected to a 4 week period of daily intake of 3g plant Sterols per day supplied via a supplemented margarine on top of regular eating habits. After a wash-out period of one week, volunteers switched groups. Compared to placebo, a diet supplementation with plant Sterols increased serum levels of plant Sterols such as campeSterol (+0.16±0.19mg/dL, p=0.005) and sitoSterol (+0.27±0.18mg/dL, p
Oliver Weingartner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plant Sterol Ester diet supplementation increases serum plant Sterols and markers of choleSterol synthesis but has no effect on total choleSterol levels
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Oliver Weingartner, Ivan Bogeski, Carsten Kummerow, Stephan H Schirmer, Constanze Husche, Tim Vanmierlo, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Markus Hoth, Michael Bohm, Dieter LutjohannAbstract:This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention-study was conducted in healthy volunteers to evaluate the effects of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine on choleSterol, non-choleSterol Sterols and oxidative stress in serum and monocytes. Sixteen volunteers, average age 34 years, with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia were subjected to a 4 week period of daily intake of 3g plant Sterols per day supplied via a supplemented margarine on top of regular eating habits. After a wash-out period of one week, volunteers switched groups. Compared to placebo, a diet supplementation with plant Sterols increased serum levels of plant Sterols such as campeSterol (+0.16±0.19mg/dL, p=0.005) and sitoSterol (+0.27±0.18mg/dL, p<0.001) and increased markers of choleSterol synthesis such as desmoSterol (+0.05±0.07mg/dL, p=0.006) as well as lathoSterol (+0.11±0.16mg/dL, p=0.012). CholeSterol serum levels, however, were not changed significantly (+18.68±32.6mg/dL, p=0.052). These findings could not be verified in isolated circulating monocytes. Moreover, there was no effect on monocyte activation and no differences with regard to redox state after plant Sterol supplemented diet. Therefore, in a population of healthy volunteers with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia, consumption of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine results in increased concentrations of plant Sterols and choleSterol synthesis markers without affecting total choleSterol in the serum, activation of circulating monocytes or redox state.
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Plant Sterol Ester diet supplementation increases serum plant Sterols and markers of choleSterol synthesis, but has no effect on total choleSterol levels.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2016Co-Authors: Oliver Weingartner, Ivan Bogeski, Carsten Kummerow, Stephan H Schirmer, Constanze Husche, Tim Vanmierlo, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Markus Hoth, Michael Bohm, Dieter LutjohannAbstract:This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention-study was conducted in healthy volunteers to evaluate the effects of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine on choleSterol, non-choleSterol Sterols and oxidative stress in serum and monocytes. Sixteen volunteers, average age 34 years, with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia were subjected to a 4 week period of daily intake of 3g plant Sterols per day supplied via a supplemented margarine on top of regular eating habits. After a wash-out period of one week, volunteers switched groups. Compared to placebo, a diet supplementation with plant Sterols increased serum levels of plant Sterols such as campeSterol (+0.16±0.19mg/dL, p=0.005) and sitoSterol (+0.27±0.18mg/dL, p
Michael Bohm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plant Sterol Ester diet supplementation increases serum plant Sterols and markers of choleSterol synthesis but has no effect on total choleSterol levels
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Oliver Weingartner, Ivan Bogeski, Carsten Kummerow, Stephan H Schirmer, Constanze Husche, Tim Vanmierlo, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Markus Hoth, Michael Bohm, Dieter LutjohannAbstract:This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention-study was conducted in healthy volunteers to evaluate the effects of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine on choleSterol, non-choleSterol Sterols and oxidative stress in serum and monocytes. Sixteen volunteers, average age 34 years, with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia were subjected to a 4 week period of daily intake of 3g plant Sterols per day supplied via a supplemented margarine on top of regular eating habits. After a wash-out period of one week, volunteers switched groups. Compared to placebo, a diet supplementation with plant Sterols increased serum levels of plant Sterols such as campeSterol (+0.16±0.19mg/dL, p=0.005) and sitoSterol (+0.27±0.18mg/dL, p<0.001) and increased markers of choleSterol synthesis such as desmoSterol (+0.05±0.07mg/dL, p=0.006) as well as lathoSterol (+0.11±0.16mg/dL, p=0.012). CholeSterol serum levels, however, were not changed significantly (+18.68±32.6mg/dL, p=0.052). These findings could not be verified in isolated circulating monocytes. Moreover, there was no effect on monocyte activation and no differences with regard to redox state after plant Sterol supplemented diet. Therefore, in a population of healthy volunteers with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia, consumption of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine results in increased concentrations of plant Sterols and choleSterol synthesis markers without affecting total choleSterol in the serum, activation of circulating monocytes or redox state.
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Plant Sterol Ester diet supplementation increases serum plant Sterols and markers of choleSterol synthesis, but has no effect on total choleSterol levels.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2016Co-Authors: Oliver Weingartner, Ivan Bogeski, Carsten Kummerow, Stephan H Schirmer, Constanze Husche, Tim Vanmierlo, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Markus Hoth, Michael Bohm, Dieter LutjohannAbstract:This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention-study was conducted in healthy volunteers to evaluate the effects of plant Sterol Ester supplemented margarine on choleSterol, non-choleSterol Sterols and oxidative stress in serum and monocytes. Sixteen volunteers, average age 34 years, with no or mild hypercholeSterolemia were subjected to a 4 week period of daily intake of 3g plant Sterols per day supplied via a supplemented margarine on top of regular eating habits. After a wash-out period of one week, volunteers switched groups. Compared to placebo, a diet supplementation with plant Sterols increased serum levels of plant Sterols such as campeSterol (+0.16±0.19mg/dL, p=0.005) and sitoSterol (+0.27±0.18mg/dL, p