The Experts below are selected from a list of 138 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Eric A. Newsholme - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Triacylglycerol metabolism by Lymphocytes and the effect of triacylglycerols on Lymphocyte proliferation
Biochemical Journal, 1994Co-Authors: Philip C. Calder, Parveen Yaqoob, Eric A. NewsholmeAbstract:This study investigates the ability of Lymphocytes to utilize fatty acids originating from triacylglycerols and the effect of triacylglycerols upon mitogen-Stimulated Lymphocyte proliferation. Lymphocytes isolated from rat lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and lymphatic duct had a lipoprotein lipase activity of approx. 10 units/mg of protein, indicating that the fatty acids of circulating triacylglycerols are accessible to these cells. In culture lymph node Lymphocytes hydrolysed triacylglycerols added to the medium as emulsions. Both non-esterified fatty acids and free glycerol appeared in the cell culture medium, but their concentrations indicated that a high proportion of each (65-90% of fatty acids and 60-80% of glycerol) was taken up by the cells. The incorporation and fate of triacylglycerol-fatty acids was studied by culturing the cells in the presence of tri[3H]oleoylglycerol or tri[14C]inoleoylglycerol. Both fatty acids were incorporated into Lymphocyte lipids in a time-dependent manner; linoleic acid was incorporated at a significantly greater rate than oleic acid. The majority of oleic acid (greater than 70%) was incorporated into cellular triacylglycerol, while less than 10% was incorporated into phospholipids. In contrast, linoleic acid incorporation into cellular triacylglycerol never exceeded 25%, while up to 45% was incorporated into phospholipids. Triacylglycerols containing polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibited concanavalin A-Stimulated Lymphocyte proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner; triacylglycerols containing saturated fatty acids or oleic acid were not inhibitory. Such direct effects of certain triacylglycerols on Lymphocyte function may explain why some clinical trials of polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diets have been successful in improving the condition of patients suffering from inflammatory diseases.
Tatsuo Kinashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rapl a rap1 binding molecule that mediates rap1 induced adhesion through spatial regulation of lfa 1
Nature Immunology, 2003Co-Authors: Koko Katagiri, Akito Maeda, Mika Shimonaka, Tatsuo KinashiAbstract:The small GTPase Rap1 is a potent activator of leukocyte integrin. However, the regulatory mechanism involved is unknown. Here, we identify the Rap1 effector, RAPL, as an essential regulator in this activation. RAPL was enriched in mouse lymphoid tissues and associated with Rap1 after stimulation by the T cell receptor and with chemokine CXCL12. Human RAPL Stimulated Lymphocyte polarization and the patch-like redistribution of Lymphocyte-function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) to the leading edge, resulting in enhanced adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Triggered by activated Rap1, RAPL associated with LFA-1 and rapidly relocated to the leading edge and accumulated at immunological synapses. Thus, RAPL regulates Lymphocyte adhesion through the spatial distribution of LFA-1.
K Saitou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Serum concentrations of interleukin-5 and the production of Lymphocytes in reactive eosinophilia.
International archives of allergy and immunology, 1995Co-Authors: T Koike, H Enokihara, H Arimura, M Haruyama, N Tsuruoka, M Tsujimoto, M Aoyagi, K Watanabe, Y Nakamura, K SaitouAbstract:The concentrations of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in serum and in IL-2-Stimulated Lymphocyte culture medium (L-IL2-CM) prepared from patients with reactive eosinophilia were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The serum IL-5 concentration was increased in 16 of 34 cases. The concentrations of IL-5 in L-IL2-CM were increased in 8 of 21 patients.
Philip C. Calder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Triacylglycerol metabolism by Lymphocytes and the effect of triacylglycerols on Lymphocyte proliferation
Biochemical Journal, 1994Co-Authors: Philip C. Calder, Parveen Yaqoob, Eric A. NewsholmeAbstract:This study investigates the ability of Lymphocytes to utilize fatty acids originating from triacylglycerols and the effect of triacylglycerols upon mitogen-Stimulated Lymphocyte proliferation. Lymphocytes isolated from rat lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and lymphatic duct had a lipoprotein lipase activity of approx. 10 units/mg of protein, indicating that the fatty acids of circulating triacylglycerols are accessible to these cells. In culture lymph node Lymphocytes hydrolysed triacylglycerols added to the medium as emulsions. Both non-esterified fatty acids and free glycerol appeared in the cell culture medium, but their concentrations indicated that a high proportion of each (65-90% of fatty acids and 60-80% of glycerol) was taken up by the cells. The incorporation and fate of triacylglycerol-fatty acids was studied by culturing the cells in the presence of tri[3H]oleoylglycerol or tri[14C]inoleoylglycerol. Both fatty acids were incorporated into Lymphocyte lipids in a time-dependent manner; linoleic acid was incorporated at a significantly greater rate than oleic acid. The majority of oleic acid (greater than 70%) was incorporated into cellular triacylglycerol, while less than 10% was incorporated into phospholipids. In contrast, linoleic acid incorporation into cellular triacylglycerol never exceeded 25%, while up to 45% was incorporated into phospholipids. Triacylglycerols containing polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibited concanavalin A-Stimulated Lymphocyte proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner; triacylglycerols containing saturated fatty acids or oleic acid were not inhibitory. Such direct effects of certain triacylglycerols on Lymphocyte function may explain why some clinical trials of polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diets have been successful in improving the condition of patients suffering from inflammatory diseases.
Koko Katagiri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rapl a rap1 binding molecule that mediates rap1 induced adhesion through spatial regulation of lfa 1
Nature Immunology, 2003Co-Authors: Koko Katagiri, Akito Maeda, Mika Shimonaka, Tatsuo KinashiAbstract:The small GTPase Rap1 is a potent activator of leukocyte integrin. However, the regulatory mechanism involved is unknown. Here, we identify the Rap1 effector, RAPL, as an essential regulator in this activation. RAPL was enriched in mouse lymphoid tissues and associated with Rap1 after stimulation by the T cell receptor and with chemokine CXCL12. Human RAPL Stimulated Lymphocyte polarization and the patch-like redistribution of Lymphocyte-function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) to the leading edge, resulting in enhanced adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Triggered by activated Rap1, RAPL associated with LFA-1 and rapidly relocated to the leading edge and accumulated at immunological synapses. Thus, RAPL regulates Lymphocyte adhesion through the spatial distribution of LFA-1.