The Experts below are selected from a list of 3828 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xuechen Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an α expansin vfexpa1 is involved in regulation of Stomatal Movement in vicia faba l
Chinese Science Bulletin, 2011Co-Authors: Pengcheng Wei, Xiuqing Zhang, Ping Zhao, Jia Chen, Su Chen, Yanmei Xiong, Wenlong Wang, Xuechen WangAbstract:The wall loosening of guard cells differs from other types of plant cells. However, the regulation of wall loosening during Stomatal Movement is poorly understood. VfEXPA1 is an α-expansin gene cloned from Vicia faba epidermal strips. Expression of VfEXPA1 is regulated by darkness and submergence, and is not affected by light and abscisic acid (ABA). In situ hybridization showed that VfEXPA1 is expressed primarily in the guard cells. Overexpression of VfEXPA1 in transgenic tobacco accelerated light-induced Stomatal opening, and increased both transpiration and photosynthetic rates under favorable growth conditions. Our results indicate the guard cell-expressed expansin VfEXPA1 plays an important role in regulation of Stomatal opening.
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stochastic dynamics of actin filaments in guard cells regulating chloroplast localization during Stomatal Movement
Plant Cell and Environment, 2011Co-Authors: Xiuling Wang, Xinqi Gao, Xuechen WangAbstract:Actin filaments and chloroplasts in guard cells play roles in Stomatal function. However, detailed actin dynamics vary, and the roles that they play in chloroplast localization during Stomatal Movement remain to be determined. We examined the dynamics of actin filaments and chloroplast localization in transgenic tobacco expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-mouse talin in guard cells by time-lapse imaging. Actin filaments showed sliding, bundling and branching dynamics in moving guard cells. During Stomatal Movement, long filaments can be severed into small fragments, which can form longer filaments by end-joining activities. With chloroplast Movement, actin filaments near chloroplasts showed severing and elongation activity in guard cells during Stomatal Movement. Cytochalasin B treatment abolished elongation, bundling and branching activities of actin filaments in guard cells, and these changes of actin filaments, and as a result, more chloroplasts were localized at the centre of guard cells. However, chloroplast turning to avoid high light, and sliding of actin fragments near the chloroplast, was unaffected following cytochalasin B treatment in guard cells. We suggest that the sliding dynamics of actin may play roles in chloroplast turning in guard cells. Our results indicate that the stochastic dynamics of actin filaments in guard cells regulate chloroplast localization during Stomatal Movement.
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regulation of Stomatal opening by the guard cell expansin atexpa1
Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2011Co-Authors: Xiuqing Zhang, Ping Zhao, Xuechen WangAbstract:Stomatal Movement is strictly regulated by various intracellular and extracellular factors in response environmental signals. In our recent study, we found that an Arabidopsis guard cell expressed expansin, AtEXPA1, regulates Stomatal opening by altering the structure of the guard cell wall. This addendum proposes a mechanism by which guard cell expansins regulate Stomatal Movement.
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dynamics of vacuoles and actin filaments in guard cells and their roles in Stomatal Movement
Plant Cell and Environment, 2009Co-Authors: Xinqi Gao, Xiuling Wang, Fei Ren, Jia Chen, Xuechen WangAbstract:Vacuoles and actin filaments are important cytoarchitectures involved in guard cell function. The changes in the morphology and number of vacuoles and the regulation of ion channel activity in tonoplast of guard cells are essential for Stomatal Movement. A number of studies have investigated the regulation of ion channels in animal and plant cells; however, little is known about the regulating mechanism for vacuolar dynamics in Stomatal Movement. Actin filaments of guard cells are remodelling with the changes in the Stomatal aperture; however, the dynamic functions of actin filaments in Stomatal Movement remain elusive. In this paper, we summarize the recent developments in the understanding of the dynamics of actin filaments and vacuoles of guard cells during Stomatal Movement. All relevant studies suggest that actin filaments might be involved in Stomatal Movement by regulating vacuolar dynamics and the ion channels in tonoplast. The future study could be focused on the linker protein mediating the interaction between actin filaments and tonoplast, which will provide insights into the interactive function of actin and vacuole in Stomatal Movement regulation.
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the dynamic changes of tonoplasts in guard cells are important for Stomatal Movement in vicia faba
Plant Physiology, 2005Co-Authors: Xinqi Gao, Jia Chen, Pengcheng Wei, Xinyan Zhang, Xuechen WangAbstract:Stomatal Movement is important for plants to exchange gas with environment. The regulation of Stomatal Movement allows optimizing photosynthesis and transpiration. Changes in vacuolar volume in guard cells are known to participate in this regulation. However, little has been known about the mechanism underlying the regulation of rapid changes in guard cell vacuolar volume. Here, we report that dynamic changes in the complex vacuolar membrane system play a role in the rapid changes of vacuolar volume in Vicia faba guard cells. The guard cells contained a great number of small vacuoles and various vacuolar membrane structures when stomata closed. The small vacuoles and complex membrane systems fused with each other or with the bigger vacuoles to generate large vacuoles during Stomatal opening. Conversely, the large vacuoles split into smaller vacuoles and generated many complex membrane structures in the closing stomata. Vacuole fusion inhibitor, (2s,3s)-trans-epoxy-succinyl-l-leucylamido-3-methylbutane ethyl ester, inhibited Stomatal opening significantly. Furthermore, an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutation of the SGR3 gene, which has a defect in vacuolar fusion, also led to retardation of Stomatal opening. All these results suggest that the dynamic changes of the tonoplast are essential for enhancing Stomatal Movement.
Zhizhong Gong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reactive oxygen species signaling and Stomatal Movement in plant responses to drought stress and pathogen attack
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Chun-peng Song, Baoshan Wang, Jianmin Zhou, Jaakko Kangasjarvi, Jiankang Zhu, Zhizhong GongAbstract:Stomata, the pores formed by a pair of guard cells, are the main gateways for water transpiration and photosynthetic CO2 exchange, as well as pathogen invasion in land plants. Guard cell Movement is regulated by a combination of environmental factors, including water status, light, CO2 levels and pathogen attack, as well as endogenous signals, such as abscisic acid and apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under abiotic and biotic stress conditions, extracellular ROS are mainly produced by plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, whereas intracellular ROS are produced in multiple organelles. These ROS form a sophisticated cellular signaling network, with the accumulation of apoplastic ROS an early hallmark of Stomatal Movement. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the ROS signaling network, primarily during drought stress and pathogen attack. We summarize the roles of apoplastic ROS in regulating Stomatal Movement, ABA and CO2 signaling, and immunity responses. Finally, we discuss ROS accumulation and communication between organelles and cells. This information provides a conceptual framework for understanding how ROS signaling is integrated with various signaling pathways during plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress stimuli.
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a plasma membrane receptor kinase ghr1 mediates abscisic acid and hydrogen peroxide regulated Stomatal Movement in arabidopsis
The Plant Cell, 2012Co-Authors: Cun Wang, Zhizhong Chen, Hui Liao, Ying Duan, Junna He, Zhizhong GongAbstract:The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates Stomatal Movement under drought stress, and this regulation requires hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We isolated GUARD CELL HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-RESISTANT1 (GHR1), which encodes a receptor-like kinase localized on the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis thaliana. ghr1 mutants were defective ABA and H2O2 induction of Stomatal closure. Genetic analysis indicates that GHR1 is a critical early component in ABA signaling. The ghr1 mutation impaired ABA- and H2O2-regulated activation of S-type anion currents in guard cells. Furthermore, GHR1 physically interacted with, phosphorylated, and activated the S-type anion channel SLOW ANION CHANNEL-ASSOCIATED1 when coexpressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and this activation was inhibited by ABA-INSENSITIVE2 (ABI2) but not ABI1. Our study identifies a critical component in ABA and H2O2 signaling that is involved in Stomatal Movement and resolves a long-standing mystery about the differential functions of ABI1 and ABI2 in this process.
Chun-peng Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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trehalose 6 phosphate phosphatase e modulates aba controlled root growth and Stomatal Movement in arabidopsis
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2020Co-Authors: Qingbin Chen, Wenjing Wang, Wencheng Liu, Xiaohong Zhu, Chun-peng SongAbstract:Trehalose plays important roles in plant growth and stress responses and is synthesized from trehalose-6-phosphate by trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP). Here, we show that trehalose and abscisic acid (ABA) have synergistic effects on root growth and Stomatal closure. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains ten genes encoding TPPs and the expression level of one, TPPE, and trehalose contents increased in response to ABA. In the presence of ABA, the ABA-responsive transcription factor ABA RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING FACTOR2 (ABF2) directly binds to the TPPE promoter to activate its expression. Genetic analysis revealed that TPPE acts downstream of ABF2, which is supported by the findings that TPPE expression and trehalose content are reduced in the abf2 mutant and that a mutation in TPPE abolished the ABA-sensitive root elongation phenotype of 35S:ABF2 plants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in response to ABA failed to occur in tppe mutant plants, suggesting that TPPE is involved in ABA-controlled root elongation and Stomatal Movement by inducing ROS accumulation. This study uncovers a new branch of the ABA signaling pathway and provides a molecular basis for the role of trehalose in plant responses to abiotic stress.
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reactive oxygen species signaling and Stomatal Movement in plant responses to drought stress and pathogen attack
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Chun-peng Song, Baoshan Wang, Jianmin Zhou, Jaakko Kangasjarvi, Jiankang Zhu, Zhizhong GongAbstract:Stomata, the pores formed by a pair of guard cells, are the main gateways for water transpiration and photosynthetic CO2 exchange, as well as pathogen invasion in land plants. Guard cell Movement is regulated by a combination of environmental factors, including water status, light, CO2 levels and pathogen attack, as well as endogenous signals, such as abscisic acid and apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under abiotic and biotic stress conditions, extracellular ROS are mainly produced by plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, whereas intracellular ROS are produced in multiple organelles. These ROS form a sophisticated cellular signaling network, with the accumulation of apoplastic ROS an early hallmark of Stomatal Movement. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the ROS signaling network, primarily during drought stress and pathogen attack. We summarize the roles of apoplastic ROS in regulating Stomatal Movement, ABA and CO2 signaling, and immunity responses. Finally, we discuss ROS accumulation and communication between organelles and cells. This information provides a conceptual framework for understanding how ROS signaling is integrated with various signaling pathways during plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress stimuli.
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Chloroplast protein PLGG1 is involved in abscisic acid-regulated lateral root development and Stomatal Movement in Arabidopsis.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2017Co-Authors: Huan Dong, Jie Chang, Chun-peng SongAbstract:Abstract The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in root architecture; however, the molecular mechanism of ABA-regulated lateral root (LR) growth is not well known. We screened an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant with LR growth that was sensitive to ABA from a T-DNA insertion mutant library, which was an allelic mutant of plgg1-1, termed plgg1-2. PLGG1 encodes a chloroplast protein that transports plastidic glycolate and glycerate. The length and number of LRs at the root-hypocotyl junction of plgg1-1 and plgg1-2 were significantly impaired under exogenous ABA treatment, and the transgenic plant complementary lines of plgg1-2 restored LR growth in response to ABA. In addition, we found that PLGG1 is involved in other major ABA responses, including ABA-inhibited seed germination, ABA-mediated Stomatal Movement, and drought tolerance. These findings open new perspectives on elucidating the mechanism of ABA response, and provide clues for analysing the functions of chloroplast proteins in regulating root growth.
Sarah M. Assmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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advances and perspectives in the metabolomics of Stomatal Movement and the disease triangle
Plant Science, 2021Co-Authors: Qingyuan Xiang, Sarah M. Assmann, Aneirin A Lott, Sixue ChenAbstract:Crops are continuously exposed to microbial pathogens that cause tremendous yield losses worldwide. Stomatal pores formed by pairs of specialized guard cells in the leaf epidermis represent a major route of pathogen entry. Guard cells have an essential role as a first line of defense against pathogens. Metabolomics is an indispensable systems biology tool that has facilitated discovery and functional studies of metabolites that regulate Stomatal Movement in response to pathogens and other environmental factors. Guard cells, pathogens and environmental factors constitute the "Stomatal disease triangle". The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances toward understanding the Stomatal disease triangle in the context of newly discovered signaling molecules, hormone crosstalk, and consequent molecular changes that integrate pathogens and environmental sensing into Stomatal immune responses. Future perspectives on emerging single-cell studies, multiomics and molecular imaging in the context of Stomatal defense are discussed. Advances in this important area of plant biology will inform rational crop engineering and breeding for enhanced Stomatal defense without disruption of other pathways that impact crop yield.
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the guard cell metabolome functions in Stomatal Movement and global food security
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2015Co-Authors: Biswapriya B. Misra, Biswa R Acharya, David Granot, Sarah M. Assmann, Sixue ChenAbstract:Guard cells represent a unique single cell-type system for the study of cellular responses to abiotic and biotic perturbations that affect Stomatal Movement. Decades of effort through both classical physiological and functional genomics approaches have generated an enormous amount of information on the roles of individual metabolites in Stomatal guard cell function and physiology. Recent application of metabolomics methods has produced a substantial amount of new information on metabolome control of Stomatal Movement. In conjunction with other ‘omics’ approaches, the knowledge-base is growing to reach a systems-level description of this single cell-type. Here we summarize current knowledge of the guard cell metabolome and highlight critical metabolites that bear significant impact on future engineering and breeding efforts to generate plants/crops that are resistant to environmental challenges and produce high yield and quality products for food and energy security.
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Light Regulation of Stomatal Movement
Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2007Co-Authors: Ken-ichiro Shimazaki, Sarah M. Assmann, Masao Doi, Toshinori KinoshitaAbstract:Stomatal pores, each surrounded by a pair of guard cells, regulate CO2 uptake and water loss from leaves. Stomatal opening is driven by the accumulation of K+ salts and sugars in guard cells, which is mediated by electrogenic proton pumps in the plasma membrane and/or metabolic activity. Opening responses are achieved by coordination of light signaling, light-energy conversion, membrane ion transport, and metabolic activity in guard cells. In this review, we focus on recent progress in blue- and red-light-dependent Stomatal opening. Because the blue-light response of stomata appears to be strongly affected by red light, we discuss underlying mechanisms in the interaction between blue-light signaling and guard cell chloroplasts.
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effect of brassinolide alone and in concert with abscisic acid on control of Stomatal aperture and potassium currents of vicia faba guard cell protoplasts
Physiologia Plantarum, 2006Co-Authors: Laura Lillian Haubrick, Gro Torsethaugen, Sarah M. AssmannAbstract:The essential role of brassinosteroids (BRs) in normal plant growth, development and physiology has been established by the analysis of biosynthesis and signal transduction mutants. Some of the BR-related mutants also display altered sensitivity to the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) suggesting that BRs normally counteract the effects of ABA on root growth, seed germination, and possibly Stomatal Movement. In this study, the effect of a specific BR, brassinolide (BL), on guard cell function of Vicia faba was examined alone and in conjunction with ABA. Unlike other described plant responses, BL did not oppose the effect of ABA in regulation of Stomatal Movement. On the contrary, BL modulated Stomatal aperture by promoting Stomatal closure and inhibiting Stomatal opening, functions of this hormone that were previously undescribed. This study also demonstrated a role for plant steroidal hormones in ion channel regulation: BL inhibited inwardly rectifying K+ currents of V. faba guard cell protoplasts in a manner similar to ABA. In both Stomatal Movement assays and whole-cell patch clamp experiments, the effects of BL and ABA applied together were not additive, suggesting that these two hormones may function in interacting pathways to regulate Stomatal apertures and guard cell physiology.
Wei Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a tonoplast associated calcium signaling module dampens aba signaling during Stomatal Movement
Plant Physiology, 2018Co-Authors: Shijian Song, Qiangnan Feng, Qi Liu, Hui Kang, Wei Zhang, Yan ZhangAbstract:Stomatal Movement, critical for photobiosynthesis, respiration, and stress responses, is regulated by many factors, among which abscisic acid (ABA) is critical. Early events of ABA signaling involve Ca2+ influx and an increase of cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca2+]cyt). Positive regulators of this process have been extensively studied, whereas negative regulators are obscure. ABA-induced Stomatal closure involves K+ flux and vacuolar convolution. How these processes are connected with Ca2+ is not fully understood. We report that pat10-1, a null mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PROTEIN S-ACYL TRANSFERASE10 (PAT10), is hypersensitive to ABA-induced Stomatal closure and vacuolar convolution. A similar phenotype was observed in cbl2;cbl3, the double mutant of CBL2 and CBL3, whose tonoplast association depends on PAT10. Functional loss of the PAT10-CBL2/CBL3 system resulted in enhanced Ca2+ influx and [Ca2+]cyt elevation. Promoting vacuolar K+ accumulation by overexpressing NHX2 suppressed ABA-hypersensitive Stomatal closure and vacuolar convolution of the mutants, suggesting that PAT10-CBL2/CBL3 positively mediates vacuolar K+ accumulation. We have identified CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) that mediate CBL2/CBL3 signaling during ABA-induced Stomatal Movement. Functional loss of the PAT10-CBL2/3-CIPK9/17 system in guard cells enhanced drought tolerance. We propose that the tonoplast CBL-CIPK complexes form a signaling module that negatively regulates ABA signaling during Stomatal Movement.
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wrky1 regulates Stomatal Movement in drought stressed arabidopsis thaliana
Plant Molecular Biology, 2016Co-Authors: Zhu Qiao, Wei ZhangAbstract:A key response of plants to moisture stress is Stomatal closure, a process mediated by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). Closure is affected by changes in the turgor of the Stomatal guard cell. The transcription factor WRKY1 is a part of the regulatory machinery underlying Stomatal Movements, and through this, in the plant’s response to drought stress. The loss-of-function T-DNA insertion mutant wrky1 was particularly sensitive to ABA, with respect to both ion channel regulation and Stomatal Movements, and less sensitive to drought than the wild type. Complementation of the wrky1 mutant resulted in the recovery of the wild type phenotype. The WRKY1 product localized to the nucleus, and was shown able to bind to the W-box domain in the promoters of MYB2, ABCG40, DREB1A and ABI5, and thereby to control their transcription in response to drought stress or ABA treatment. WRKY1 is thought to act as a negative regulator in guard cell ABA signalling.
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the plant specific actin binding protein scab1 stabilizes actin filaments and regulates Stomatal Movement in arabidopsis
The Plant Cell, 2011Co-Authors: Yang Zhao, Guoli Zhu, Wei Zhang, Li Zhang, Shuangshuang Zhao, Tonglin Mao, Wanhong Cao, Sulin Ren, Jinfeng Zhao, Shanjin HuangAbstract:Microfilament dynamics play a critical role in regulating Stomatal Movement; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is not well understood. We report here the identification and characterization of Stomatal CLOSURERELATED ACTIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (SCAB1), an Arabidopsis thaliana actin binding protein. Plants lacking SCAB1 were hypersensitive to drought stress and exhibited reduced abscisic acid-, H2O2-, and CaCl2-regulated Stomatal Movement. In vitro and in vivo analyses revealed that SCAB1 binds, stabilizes, and bundles actin filaments. SCAB1 shares sequence similarity only with plant proteins and contains a previously undiscovered actin binding domain. During Stomatal closure, actin filaments switched from a radial orientation in open stomata to a longitudinal orientation in closed stomata. This switch took longer in scab1 plants than in wild-type plants and was correlated with the delay in Stomatal closure seen in scab1 mutants in response to drought stress. Our results suggest that SCAB1 is required for the precise regulation of actin filament reorganization during Stomatal closure.
