The Experts below are selected from a list of 70461 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Holger Puchta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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crispr cas brings Plant Biology and breeding into the fast lane
Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2020Co-Authors: Angelina Schindele, Annika Dorn, Holger PuchtaAbstract:CRISPR/Cas is in the process of inducing the biggest transformation of Plant breeding since the green revolution. Whereas initial efforts focused mainly on changing single traits by error prone non-homologous end joining, the last two years saw a tremendous technical progress achieving more complex genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional changes. The efficiencies of inducing directed changes by homologous recombination have been improved significantly and strategies to break genetic linkages by inducing chromosomal rearrangements have been developed. Cas13 systems have been applied to degrade viral and mRNA in Plants. Most importantly, a historical breakthrough was accomplished: By introducing multiple genomic changes simultaneously, domestication of wild species in a single generation has been demonstrated, speeding up breeding dramatically.
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revolutionizing Plant Biology multiple ways of genome engineering by crispr cas
Plant Methods, 2016Co-Authors: Simon Schiml, Holger PuchtaAbstract:The precise manipulation of Plant genomes relies on the induction of DNA double-strand breaks by site-specific nucleases to initiate DNA repair reactions that are either based on non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR). Recently, the CRISPR/Cas system emerged as the most important tool for genome engineering due to its simple structure and its applicability to a wide range of organisms. Here, we review the current status of its various applications in Plants, where it is used for the successful generation of stable mutations in a steadily growing number of species through NHEJ. Furthermore, tremendous progress in Plant genome engineering by HR was obtained by the setup of replicon mediated and in Planta gene targeting techniques. Finally, other complex approaches that rely on the induction of more than one DNA lesion at a time such as paired nickases to avoid off-site effects or controlled genomic deletions are beginning to be applied routinely.
Markus Grebe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Plant Biology: Unveiling the Casparian strip.
Nature, 2011Co-Authors: Markus GrebeAbstract:The Casparian strip in Plant roots is a diffusion barrier that directs water and solutes from the soil to the water-conducting tissues. Proteins involved in making the strip have at long last been identified. See Letter p.380 In Plants, the endodermis is a root cell layer that separates outer from inner cell layers by virtue of the Casparian strips, hydrophobic modifications of the cell wall first noted by Robert Caspary in 1865. This region forms a network between cells within the layer to seal the extracellular space and thus functions like the tight junctions that provide seals between adjacent animal epithelial cells. In spite of their importance in nutrient uptake, little is known about the molecular factors that determine the formation and precise localization of Casparian strips. Roppolo et al. have now identified a novel family of transmembrane proteins called CASPs (Casparian strip membrane domain proteins) forming a ring-like domain within the endodermal plasma membrane that determines the position and structure of Casparian strips.
Xing Wang Deng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Plant Biology research comes of age in china
The Plant Cell, 2006Co-Authors: Haodong Chen, Valerie J Karplus, Xing Wang DengAbstract:A modern Plant Biology research enterprise is developing rapidly in mainland China. The cohort of well-trained young scientists has expanded, the prevalence of international research collaborations has risen, and the number of publications in international journals has surged over the past 10 years
Jianhe Wei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of crispr cas9 in Plant Biology
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 2017Co-Authors: Xuan Liu, Chun Sui, Jianhe WeiAbstract:The CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins) system was first identified in bacteria and archaea and can degrade exogenous substrates. It was developed as a gene editing technology in 2013. Over the subsequent years, it has received extensive attention owing to its easy manipulation, high efficiency, and wide application in gene mutation and transcriptional regulation in mammals and Plants. The process of CRISPR/Cas is optimized constantly and its application has also expanded dramatically. Therefore, CRISPR/Cas is considered a revolutionary technology in Plant Biology. Here, we introduce the mechanism of the type II CRISPR/Cas called CRISPR/Cas9, update its recent advances in various applications in Plants, and discuss its future prospects to provide an argument for its use in the study of medicinal Plants.
John Schiefelbein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Plant systems Biology at the single cell level
Trends in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Marc Libault, Lise Pingault, Prince Zogli, John SchiefelbeinAbstract:Our understanding of Plant Biology is increasingly being built upon studies using ‘omics and system Biology approaches performed at the level of the entire Plant, organ, or tissue. Although these approaches open new avenues to better understand Plant Biology, they suffer from the cellular complexity of the analyzed sample. Recent methodological advances now allow Plant scientists to overcome this limitation and enable biological analyses of single-cells or single-cell-types. Coupled with the development of bioinformatics and functional genomics resources, these studies provide opportunities for high-resolution systems analyses of Plant phenomena. In this review, we describe the recent advances, current challenges, and future directions in exploring the Biology of single-cells and single-cell-types to enhance our understanding of Plant Biology as a system.
