The Experts below are selected from a list of 51633 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kunio Miyatake - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of transmural distribution of viable muscle by myocardial Strain Profile and dobutamine stress echocardiography.
American Journal of Physiology-heart and Circulatory Physiology, 2006Co-Authors: Takeshi Maruo, Satoshi Nakatani, Yintie Jin, Kazunori Uemura, Masaru Sugimachi, Hatsue Ueda-ishibashi, Masafumi Kitakaze, Tohru Ohe, Kenji Sunagawa, Kunio MiyatakeAbstract:Transmural distribution of viable myocardium in the ischemic myocardium has not been quantified and fully elucidated. To address this issue, we evaluated transmural myocardial Strain Profile (TMSP)...
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Evaluation of transmural distribution of viable muscle by myocardial Strain Profile and dobutamine stress echocardiography.
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2006Co-Authors: Takeshi Maruo, Satoshi Nakatani, Yintie Jin, Kazunori Uemura, Masaru Sugimachi, Hatsue Ueda-ishibashi, Masafumi Kitakaze, Tohru Ohe, Kenji Sunagawa, Kunio MiyatakeAbstract:Transmural distribution of viable myocardium in the ischemic myocardium has not been quantified and fully elucidated. To address this issue, we evaluated transmural myocardial Strain Profile (TMSP) in dogs with myocardial infarction using a newly developed tissue Strain imaging. TMSP was obtained from the posterior wall at the epicardial left ventricular short-axis view in 13 anesthetized open-chest dogs. After control measurements, the left circumflex coronary artery was occluded for 90 min to induce subendocardial infarction (SMI). Subsequently, latex microbeads (90 microm) were injected in the same artery to create transmural infarction (TMI). In each stage, measurements were done before and after dobutamine challenge (10 microg.kg(-1).min(-1) for 10 min) to estimate transmural myocardial viability. Strain in the subendocardium in the control stage increased by dobutamine (from 53.6 +/- 17.1 to 73.3 +/- 21.8%, P < 0.001), whereas that in SMI and TMI stages was almost zero at baseline and did not increase significantly by dobutamine [from 0.8 +/- 8.8 to 1.3 +/- 7.0%, P = not significant (NS) for SMI, from -3.9 +/- 5.6 to -1.9 +/- 6.0%, P = NS for TMI]. Strain in the subepicardium increased by dobutamine in the control stage (from 23.9 +/- 6.1 to 26.3 +/- 6.4%, P < 0.05) and in the SMI stage (from 12.4 +/- 7.3 to 27.1 +/- 8.8%, P < 0.005), whereas that in the TMI stage did not change (from -1.0 +/- 7.8 to -0.7 +/- 8.3%, P = NS). In SMI, the subendocardial contraction was lost, but the subepicardium showed a significant increase in contraction with dobutamine. However, in TMI, even the subepicardial increase was not seen. Assessment of transmural Strain Profile using tissue Strain imaging was a new and useful method to estimate transmural distribution of the viable myocardium in myocardial infarction.
Ken-ichi Hirata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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combining passive leg lifting with transmural myocardial Strain Profile for enhanced predictive capability for subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in duchenne muscular dystrophy
Journal of Cardiology, 2015Co-Authors: Tetsushi Yamamoto, Hidekazu Tanaka, Nobuhide Hayashi, Yasuhiro Takeshima, Ken-ichi Hirata, Seiji KawanoAbstract:Abstract Background We previously reported that the transmural myocardial Strain Profile (TMSP) was an effective predictor for subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF), but its predictive power when used alone proved to be limited. Methods A total of 95 DMD patients with LVEF of 59 ± 5% (all ≥55%) and age 11.3 ± 3.0 years were analyzed retrospectively. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 1-year follow-up, and all baseline measurements were repeated during a passive leg-lifting maneuver with legs elevated to approximately 45° from the horizontal position. TMSP of the posterior wall was evaluated from the mid-LV short-axis view. On the basis of our previous findings, TMSP with a notch was adopted as a predictor for evaluation of subclinical LV dysfunction in DMD patients whose LVEF remains preserved. Results At baseline, normal TMSP comprised 35 patients (37%), and the remaining 60 (63%) were classified as TMSP with a notch. Twenty-nine patients (48%) had developed LV wall motion abnormality at the 1-year follow-up, but this was observed only in the group of patients with TMSP with a notch at rest and also during passive leg-lifting. Furthermore, this group showed significantly more frequent development of LV wall motion abnormality at 1-year follow-up, with better sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for prediction of this abnormality than for other sub-groups. Conclusions Most DMD patients suffer from progressive skeletal muscle weakness, so that combining TMSP with passive leg-lifting may make TMSP even more effective as a simple and non-invasive predictor of LV subclinical dysfunction.
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Subendocardial dysfunction in patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation and preserved ejection fraction detected with speckle-tracking Strain imaging and transmural myocardial Strain Profile
European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Akihiro Kaneko, Hidekazu Tanaka, Hiroya Kawai, Kensuke Matsumoto, Tetsuari Onishi, Keiko Ryo, Yutaka Okita, Ken-ichi HirataAbstract:Aims It remains difficult to detect subtle left ventricular (LV) myocardial dysfunction in chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) patients with the preserved ejection fraction (EF). Methods and results We studied 36 chronic severe AR patients undergoing surgical correction with the EF of 58 ± 6% (all ≥50%). Echocardiography was performed before and 12 ± 8 months after surgical correction. We used two-dimensional speckle-tracking Strain imaging to evaluate global radial Strain in the inner-half (GRSinner), outer-half (GRSouter), and total (GRStotal) layer from the mid-LV short-axis view. We also evaluated the transmural Strain Profile in the LV posterior wall by using myocardial tissue Doppler radial Strain, and the location of peak Strain was determined as the percentage of the distance from the endocardium to the epicardium accounted for by the wall thickness. Fifteen EF-matched normal volunteers were studied for comparison. GRSinner for AR patients was significantly smaller than that for controls (28.9 ± 12.9 vs. 37.1 ± 9.1%, P = 0.032), and the location of peak Strain had significantly shifted to the epicardial side compared with that in controls (27.1 ± 14.0–13.2 ± 4.8%, P = 0.001). In contrast, GRStotal and GRSouter were similar for the two groups. After surgical correction, EF increased from 58 ± 6 to 62 ± 7% ( P = 0.018), GRSinner from 27.8 ± 12.5 to 37.7 ± 14.6% ( P < 0.0001), and the location of peak Strain significantly shifted to the endocardial side (26.9 ± 13.9–19.1 ± 11.9%, P = 0.028). However, GRStotal and GRSouter did not change. Conclusion The LV endocardium side, impaired in chronic AR patients with the preserved EF, improved after surgical correction. Our observations may prove useful for evaluating subtle early changes in such patients.
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Abstract 8915: Utility of Transmural Myocardial Strain Profile to Predict Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Tetsushi Yamamoto, Hidekazu Tanaka, Takamitsu Imanishi, Nobuhide Hayashi, Yasuhiro Takeshima, Hiroya Kawai, Seiji Kawano, Ken-ichi HirataAbstract:Background: Myocardial damage in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) leads to lethal outcome. Therefore, early detection of myocardial changes in DMD is important because earlier treatment might help to prevent the development of myocardial fibrosis. Transmural myocardial Strain distribution can be obtained as a form of transmural Strain Profile using myocardial tissue Doppler Strain imaging. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that transmural Strain Profile (TMSP) analysis can predict future left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in DMD patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF). Methods: We studied 57 consecutive DMD patients who did not have LV wall motion abnormality; EF 60±7% (all ≥ 55%), aged 11±3 years. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 1-year follow-up. TMSP was evaluated in the posterior wall from mid-LV short-axis view (Aplio-XG Toshiba Corp.). Results: Thirty-seven patients (65%) had normal TMSP pattern (Group 1), and the remaining 20 patients (35%) were classified as TMSP with a notch (Group 2). The peak Strain value in the posterior wall and EF were similar between two groups. Of 20 patients in Group 2, 8 patients (40%) had wall motion abnormality in the posterior wall at 1-year follow-up. On the other hand, no patient in Group 1 had wall motion abnormality at 1-year follow-up (p Conclusions: Subclinical LV dysfunction can be detected with TMSP in DMD patients who do not have wall motion abnormalities by conventional echocardiography. TMSP with notch was useful at evaluating early subtle changes in DMD patients, and may be useful for predicting future LV dysfunction.
Hiroya Kawai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Utility of Transmural Myocardial Strain Profile for Prediction of Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
The American journal of cardiology, 2012Co-Authors: Tetsushi Yamamoto, Hidekazu Tanaka, Takamitsu Imanishi, Nobuhide Hayashi, Yasuhiro Takeshima, Kensuke Matsumoto, Tomoko Lee, Hiroyuki Awano, Mariko Yagi, Hiroya KawaiAbstract:Myocardial damage in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has lethal outcomes, making early detection of myocardial changes in patients with DMD vital, because early treatment can help prevent the development of myocardial fibrosis. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to test the hypothesis that transmural Strain Profile (TMSP) analysis can predict future left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with DMD with preserved ejection fraction. We studied 82 consecutive patients with DMD without LV wall motion abnormality, with an ejection fraction of 60 ± 5% (all ≥55%) and age 11 ± 3 years. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 1 year of follow-up. TMSP in the posterior wall was evaluated from the mid-LV short-axis view. A normal TMSP pattern (1 peak in the endocardium, group 1) was seen in 44 patients, and TMSP with a notch (2 peaks in the endocardium, group 2) in the remaining 38 (46%). Wall motion abnormality in the posterior wall was observed in 16 patients (42%) in group 2 at 1 year of follow-up but in none of the patients in group 1 (42% vs 0%; p
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Subendocardial dysfunction in patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation and preserved ejection fraction detected with speckle-tracking Strain imaging and transmural myocardial Strain Profile
European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Akihiro Kaneko, Hidekazu Tanaka, Hiroya Kawai, Kensuke Matsumoto, Tetsuari Onishi, Keiko Ryo, Yutaka Okita, Ken-ichi HirataAbstract:Aims It remains difficult to detect subtle left ventricular (LV) myocardial dysfunction in chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) patients with the preserved ejection fraction (EF). Methods and results We studied 36 chronic severe AR patients undergoing surgical correction with the EF of 58 ± 6% (all ≥50%). Echocardiography was performed before and 12 ± 8 months after surgical correction. We used two-dimensional speckle-tracking Strain imaging to evaluate global radial Strain in the inner-half (GRSinner), outer-half (GRSouter), and total (GRStotal) layer from the mid-LV short-axis view. We also evaluated the transmural Strain Profile in the LV posterior wall by using myocardial tissue Doppler radial Strain, and the location of peak Strain was determined as the percentage of the distance from the endocardium to the epicardium accounted for by the wall thickness. Fifteen EF-matched normal volunteers were studied for comparison. GRSinner for AR patients was significantly smaller than that for controls (28.9 ± 12.9 vs. 37.1 ± 9.1%, P = 0.032), and the location of peak Strain had significantly shifted to the epicardial side compared with that in controls (27.1 ± 14.0–13.2 ± 4.8%, P = 0.001). In contrast, GRStotal and GRSouter were similar for the two groups. After surgical correction, EF increased from 58 ± 6 to 62 ± 7% ( P = 0.018), GRSinner from 27.8 ± 12.5 to 37.7 ± 14.6% ( P < 0.0001), and the location of peak Strain significantly shifted to the endocardial side (26.9 ± 13.9–19.1 ± 11.9%, P = 0.028). However, GRStotal and GRSouter did not change. Conclusion The LV endocardium side, impaired in chronic AR patients with the preserved EF, improved after surgical correction. Our observations may prove useful for evaluating subtle early changes in such patients.
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Abstract 8915: Utility of Transmural Myocardial Strain Profile to Predict Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Tetsushi Yamamoto, Hidekazu Tanaka, Takamitsu Imanishi, Nobuhide Hayashi, Yasuhiro Takeshima, Hiroya Kawai, Seiji Kawano, Ken-ichi HirataAbstract:Background: Myocardial damage in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) leads to lethal outcome. Therefore, early detection of myocardial changes in DMD is important because earlier treatment might help to prevent the development of myocardial fibrosis. Transmural myocardial Strain distribution can be obtained as a form of transmural Strain Profile using myocardial tissue Doppler Strain imaging. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that transmural Strain Profile (TMSP) analysis can predict future left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in DMD patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF). Methods: We studied 57 consecutive DMD patients who did not have LV wall motion abnormality; EF 60±7% (all ≥ 55%), aged 11±3 years. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 1-year follow-up. TMSP was evaluated in the posterior wall from mid-LV short-axis view (Aplio-XG Toshiba Corp.). Results: Thirty-seven patients (65%) had normal TMSP pattern (Group 1), and the remaining 20 patients (35%) were classified as TMSP with a notch (Group 2). The peak Strain value in the posterior wall and EF were similar between two groups. Of 20 patients in Group 2, 8 patients (40%) had wall motion abnormality in the posterior wall at 1-year follow-up. On the other hand, no patient in Group 1 had wall motion abnormality at 1-year follow-up (p Conclusions: Subclinical LV dysfunction can be detected with TMSP in DMD patients who do not have wall motion abnormalities by conventional echocardiography. TMSP with notch was useful at evaluating early subtle changes in DMD patients, and may be useful for predicting future LV dysfunction.
Takeshi Maruo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of transmural distribution of viable muscle by myocardial Strain Profile and dobutamine stress echocardiography.
American Journal of Physiology-heart and Circulatory Physiology, 2006Co-Authors: Takeshi Maruo, Satoshi Nakatani, Yintie Jin, Kazunori Uemura, Masaru Sugimachi, Hatsue Ueda-ishibashi, Masafumi Kitakaze, Tohru Ohe, Kenji Sunagawa, Kunio MiyatakeAbstract:Transmural distribution of viable myocardium in the ischemic myocardium has not been quantified and fully elucidated. To address this issue, we evaluated transmural myocardial Strain Profile (TMSP)...
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Evaluation of transmural distribution of viable muscle by myocardial Strain Profile and dobutamine stress echocardiography.
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2006Co-Authors: Takeshi Maruo, Satoshi Nakatani, Yintie Jin, Kazunori Uemura, Masaru Sugimachi, Hatsue Ueda-ishibashi, Masafumi Kitakaze, Tohru Ohe, Kenji Sunagawa, Kunio MiyatakeAbstract:Transmural distribution of viable myocardium in the ischemic myocardium has not been quantified and fully elucidated. To address this issue, we evaluated transmural myocardial Strain Profile (TMSP) in dogs with myocardial infarction using a newly developed tissue Strain imaging. TMSP was obtained from the posterior wall at the epicardial left ventricular short-axis view in 13 anesthetized open-chest dogs. After control measurements, the left circumflex coronary artery was occluded for 90 min to induce subendocardial infarction (SMI). Subsequently, latex microbeads (90 microm) were injected in the same artery to create transmural infarction (TMI). In each stage, measurements were done before and after dobutamine challenge (10 microg.kg(-1).min(-1) for 10 min) to estimate transmural myocardial viability. Strain in the subendocardium in the control stage increased by dobutamine (from 53.6 +/- 17.1 to 73.3 +/- 21.8%, P < 0.001), whereas that in SMI and TMI stages was almost zero at baseline and did not increase significantly by dobutamine [from 0.8 +/- 8.8 to 1.3 +/- 7.0%, P = not significant (NS) for SMI, from -3.9 +/- 5.6 to -1.9 +/- 6.0%, P = NS for TMI]. Strain in the subepicardium increased by dobutamine in the control stage (from 23.9 +/- 6.1 to 26.3 +/- 6.4%, P < 0.05) and in the SMI stage (from 12.4 +/- 7.3 to 27.1 +/- 8.8%, P < 0.005), whereas that in the TMI stage did not change (from -1.0 +/- 7.8 to -0.7 +/- 8.3%, P = NS). In SMI, the subendocardial contraction was lost, but the subepicardium showed a significant increase in contraction with dobutamine. However, in TMI, even the subepicardial increase was not seen. Assessment of transmural Strain Profile using tissue Strain imaging was a new and useful method to estimate transmural distribution of the viable myocardium in myocardial infarction.
Hidekazu Tanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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combining passive leg lifting with transmural myocardial Strain Profile for enhanced predictive capability for subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in duchenne muscular dystrophy
Journal of Cardiology, 2015Co-Authors: Tetsushi Yamamoto, Hidekazu Tanaka, Nobuhide Hayashi, Yasuhiro Takeshima, Ken-ichi Hirata, Seiji KawanoAbstract:Abstract Background We previously reported that the transmural myocardial Strain Profile (TMSP) was an effective predictor for subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF), but its predictive power when used alone proved to be limited. Methods A total of 95 DMD patients with LVEF of 59 ± 5% (all ≥55%) and age 11.3 ± 3.0 years were analyzed retrospectively. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 1-year follow-up, and all baseline measurements were repeated during a passive leg-lifting maneuver with legs elevated to approximately 45° from the horizontal position. TMSP of the posterior wall was evaluated from the mid-LV short-axis view. On the basis of our previous findings, TMSP with a notch was adopted as a predictor for evaluation of subclinical LV dysfunction in DMD patients whose LVEF remains preserved. Results At baseline, normal TMSP comprised 35 patients (37%), and the remaining 60 (63%) were classified as TMSP with a notch. Twenty-nine patients (48%) had developed LV wall motion abnormality at the 1-year follow-up, but this was observed only in the group of patients with TMSP with a notch at rest and also during passive leg-lifting. Furthermore, this group showed significantly more frequent development of LV wall motion abnormality at 1-year follow-up, with better sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for prediction of this abnormality than for other sub-groups. Conclusions Most DMD patients suffer from progressive skeletal muscle weakness, so that combining TMSP with passive leg-lifting may make TMSP even more effective as a simple and non-invasive predictor of LV subclinical dysfunction.
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Utility of Transmural Myocardial Strain Profile for Prediction of Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
The American journal of cardiology, 2012Co-Authors: Tetsushi Yamamoto, Hidekazu Tanaka, Takamitsu Imanishi, Nobuhide Hayashi, Yasuhiro Takeshima, Kensuke Matsumoto, Tomoko Lee, Hiroyuki Awano, Mariko Yagi, Hiroya KawaiAbstract:Myocardial damage in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has lethal outcomes, making early detection of myocardial changes in patients with DMD vital, because early treatment can help prevent the development of myocardial fibrosis. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to test the hypothesis that transmural Strain Profile (TMSP) analysis can predict future left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with DMD with preserved ejection fraction. We studied 82 consecutive patients with DMD without LV wall motion abnormality, with an ejection fraction of 60 ± 5% (all ≥55%) and age 11 ± 3 years. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 1 year of follow-up. TMSP in the posterior wall was evaluated from the mid-LV short-axis view. A normal TMSP pattern (1 peak in the endocardium, group 1) was seen in 44 patients, and TMSP with a notch (2 peaks in the endocardium, group 2) in the remaining 38 (46%). Wall motion abnormality in the posterior wall was observed in 16 patients (42%) in group 2 at 1 year of follow-up but in none of the patients in group 1 (42% vs 0%; p
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Subendocardial dysfunction in patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation and preserved ejection fraction detected with speckle-tracking Strain imaging and transmural myocardial Strain Profile
European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging, 2012Co-Authors: Akihiro Kaneko, Hidekazu Tanaka, Hiroya Kawai, Kensuke Matsumoto, Tetsuari Onishi, Keiko Ryo, Yutaka Okita, Ken-ichi HirataAbstract:Aims It remains difficult to detect subtle left ventricular (LV) myocardial dysfunction in chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) patients with the preserved ejection fraction (EF). Methods and results We studied 36 chronic severe AR patients undergoing surgical correction with the EF of 58 ± 6% (all ≥50%). Echocardiography was performed before and 12 ± 8 months after surgical correction. We used two-dimensional speckle-tracking Strain imaging to evaluate global radial Strain in the inner-half (GRSinner), outer-half (GRSouter), and total (GRStotal) layer from the mid-LV short-axis view. We also evaluated the transmural Strain Profile in the LV posterior wall by using myocardial tissue Doppler radial Strain, and the location of peak Strain was determined as the percentage of the distance from the endocardium to the epicardium accounted for by the wall thickness. Fifteen EF-matched normal volunteers were studied for comparison. GRSinner for AR patients was significantly smaller than that for controls (28.9 ± 12.9 vs. 37.1 ± 9.1%, P = 0.032), and the location of peak Strain had significantly shifted to the epicardial side compared with that in controls (27.1 ± 14.0–13.2 ± 4.8%, P = 0.001). In contrast, GRStotal and GRSouter were similar for the two groups. After surgical correction, EF increased from 58 ± 6 to 62 ± 7% ( P = 0.018), GRSinner from 27.8 ± 12.5 to 37.7 ± 14.6% ( P < 0.0001), and the location of peak Strain significantly shifted to the endocardial side (26.9 ± 13.9–19.1 ± 11.9%, P = 0.028). However, GRStotal and GRSouter did not change. Conclusion The LV endocardium side, impaired in chronic AR patients with the preserved EF, improved after surgical correction. Our observations may prove useful for evaluating subtle early changes in such patients.
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Abstract 8915: Utility of Transmural Myocardial Strain Profile to Predict Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Circulation, 2011Co-Authors: Tetsushi Yamamoto, Hidekazu Tanaka, Takamitsu Imanishi, Nobuhide Hayashi, Yasuhiro Takeshima, Hiroya Kawai, Seiji Kawano, Ken-ichi HirataAbstract:Background: Myocardial damage in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) leads to lethal outcome. Therefore, early detection of myocardial changes in DMD is important because earlier treatment might help to prevent the development of myocardial fibrosis. Transmural myocardial Strain distribution can be obtained as a form of transmural Strain Profile using myocardial tissue Doppler Strain imaging. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that transmural Strain Profile (TMSP) analysis can predict future left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in DMD patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF). Methods: We studied 57 consecutive DMD patients who did not have LV wall motion abnormality; EF 60±7% (all ≥ 55%), aged 11±3 years. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 1-year follow-up. TMSP was evaluated in the posterior wall from mid-LV short-axis view (Aplio-XG Toshiba Corp.). Results: Thirty-seven patients (65%) had normal TMSP pattern (Group 1), and the remaining 20 patients (35%) were classified as TMSP with a notch (Group 2). The peak Strain value in the posterior wall and EF were similar between two groups. Of 20 patients in Group 2, 8 patients (40%) had wall motion abnormality in the posterior wall at 1-year follow-up. On the other hand, no patient in Group 1 had wall motion abnormality at 1-year follow-up (p Conclusions: Subclinical LV dysfunction can be detected with TMSP in DMD patients who do not have wall motion abnormalities by conventional echocardiography. TMSP with notch was useful at evaluating early subtle changes in DMD patients, and may be useful for predicting future LV dysfunction.
