The Experts below are selected from a list of 228 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Hideo Yamaguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the activity of fatty acid synthase of epidermal keratinocytes is regulated in the lower Stratum spinousum and the Stratum Basale by local inflammation rather than by circulating hormones
    Journal of Dermatological Science, 2000
    Co-Authors: Naoki Uchiyama, Ayako Yamamoto, Kensuke Kameda, Hideo Yamaguchi
    Abstract:

    The epidermal keratinocytes produce and secrete lipids to maintain the water barrier of the epidermis. To clarify the regulation of epidermal lipid synthesis, we investigated the hormonal effect on the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) of the keratinocytes, and the expression of FAS in the human skin. In cultured keratinocytes, the FAS activity, assayed by measuring the oxidation of NADPH, was slightly increased by hydrocortisone or testosterone, but not influenced by thyroid hormone, estrogen, progesterone or insulin. In immunohistochemical study of normal human epidermis, FAS was expressed strongly in the Stratum granulosum and moderately in the uppermost layer of the Stratum spinousum (SS), suggesting that fatty acid synthesis may increase during normal epidermal differentiation. In inflammatory disorders, such as psoriasis, lichen planus, and atopic dermatitis, FAS was also expressed in the lower SS and the Stratum Basale (SB), resulting in strong staining in the whole layers of the epidermis. Remarkable increase of FAS expression was only observed in the lower SS and the SB. Therefore, the activity of FAS in the epidermis may be regulated in the lower SS and the SB by local inflammation rather than by circulating hormones. In other components of the skin, FAS was strongly expressed not only in adipose tissue and sebaceous glands, which are known as active sites of lipid synthesis, but also in sweat glands, suggesting that the sweat glands can synthesize abundant fatty acids de novo.

Naoki Uchiyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the activity of fatty acid synthase of epidermal keratinocytes is regulated in the lower Stratum spinousum and the Stratum Basale by local inflammation rather than by circulating hormones
    Journal of Dermatological Science, 2000
    Co-Authors: Naoki Uchiyama, Ayako Yamamoto, Kensuke Kameda, Hideo Yamaguchi
    Abstract:

    The epidermal keratinocytes produce and secrete lipids to maintain the water barrier of the epidermis. To clarify the regulation of epidermal lipid synthesis, we investigated the hormonal effect on the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) of the keratinocytes, and the expression of FAS in the human skin. In cultured keratinocytes, the FAS activity, assayed by measuring the oxidation of NADPH, was slightly increased by hydrocortisone or testosterone, but not influenced by thyroid hormone, estrogen, progesterone or insulin. In immunohistochemical study of normal human epidermis, FAS was expressed strongly in the Stratum granulosum and moderately in the uppermost layer of the Stratum spinousum (SS), suggesting that fatty acid synthesis may increase during normal epidermal differentiation. In inflammatory disorders, such as psoriasis, lichen planus, and atopic dermatitis, FAS was also expressed in the lower SS and the Stratum Basale (SB), resulting in strong staining in the whole layers of the epidermis. Remarkable increase of FAS expression was only observed in the lower SS and the SB. Therefore, the activity of FAS in the epidermis may be regulated in the lower SS and the SB by local inflammation rather than by circulating hormones. In other components of the skin, FAS was strongly expressed not only in adipose tissue and sebaceous glands, which are known as active sites of lipid synthesis, but also in sweat glands, suggesting that the sweat glands can synthesize abundant fatty acids de novo.

Kerry J Manton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Stratum Basale keratinocyte expression of the cell surface glycoprotein cdcp1 during epidermogenesis and its role in keratinocyte migration
    British Journal of Dermatology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jacqui A Mcgovern, Jessica Heinemann, Leslie Burke, Rebecca A Dawson, Tony J Parker, Zee Upton, John D Hooper, Kerry J Manton
    Abstract:

    Background Epidermogenesis and epidermal wound healing are tightly regulated processes during which keratinocytes must migrate, proliferate and differentiate. Cell-to-cell adhesion is crucial to the initiation and regulation of these processes. CUB-domain-containing protein (CDCP)1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is differentially tyrosine phosphorylated during changes in cell adhesion and survival signalling, and is expressed by keratinocytes in native human skin, as well as in primary cultures. Objectives To investigate the expression of CDCP1 during epidermogenesis and its role in keratinocyte migration. Methods We examined both human skin tissue and an in vitro three-dimensional human skin equivalent model to examine the expression of CDCP1 during epidermogenesis. To examine the role of CDCP1 in keratinocyte migration we used a function-blocking anti-CDCP1 antibody and a real-time Transwell ™ cell migration assay. Results Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that in native human skin CDCP1 is expressed in the Stratum Basale and Stratum spinosum. In contrast, during epidermogenesis in a three-dimensional human skin equivalent model, CDCP1 was expressed only in the Stratum Basale, with localization restricted to the cell-cell membrane. No expression was detected in basal keratinocytes that were in contact with the basement membrane. Furthermore, an anti-CDCP1 function-blocking antibody was shown to disrupt keratinocyte chemotactic migration in vitro. Conclusions These findings delineate the expression of CDCP1 in human epidermal keratinocytes during epidermogenesis and demonstrate that CDCP1 is involved in keratinocyte migration.

Mahmoud Rezk Abdelwahed Hussein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Age-associated decrease in GDNF and its cognate receptor GFRα-1 protein expression in human skin
    International Journal of Experimental Pathology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Mohamed A Adly, Hanan A. Assaf, Mahmoud Rezk Abdelwahed Hussein
    Abstract:

    © 2016 The Authors. International Journal of Experimental Pathology © 2016 International Journal of Experimental Pathology Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its cognate receptor (GFRα-1) are expressed in normal human skin. They are involved in murine hair follicle morphogenesis and cycling control. We hypothesize that ‘GDNF and GFRα-1 protein expression in human skin undergoes age-associated alterations. To test our hypothesis, the expression of these proteins was examined in human skin specimens obtained from 30 healthy individuals representing three age groups: children (5–18 years), adults (19–60 years) and the elderly (61–81 years). Immunofluorescent and light microscopic immunohistologic analyses were performed using tyramide signal amplification and avidin–biotin complex staining methods respectively. GDNF mRNA expression was examined by RT-PCR analysis. GDNF mRNA and protein as well as GFRα-1 protein expressions were detected in normal human skin. We found significantly reduced epidermal expression of these proteins with ageing. In the epidermis, the expression was strong in the skin of children and declined gradually with ageing, being moderate in adults and weak in the elderly. In children and adults, the expression of both GDNF and GFRα-1 proteins was strongest in the Stratum Basale and decreased gradually towards the surface layers where it was completely absent in the Stratum corneum. In the elderly, GDNF and GFRα-1 protein expression was confined to the Stratum Basale. In the dermis, both GDNF and GFRα-1 proteins had strong expressions in the fibroblasts, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles and blood vessels regardless of the age. Thus there is a decrease in epidermal GDNF and GFRα-1 protein expression in normal human skin with ageing. Our findings suggest that the consequences of this is that GFRα-1-mediated signalling is altered during the ageing process. The clinical and therapeutic ramifications of these observations mandate further investigations.

Sema Timurkaan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Serotonin immunoreactivity in the skin of the porcupine Serotonin immunoreactivity in the skin of the porcupine (Hystrix cristata Hystrix cristata)
    2020
    Co-Authors: Meryem Karan, Sema Timurkaan, A. Aydin
    Abstract:

    Immunohistochemistry was applied in the investigation of the possible existence of serotonin in porcupine Immunohistochemistry was applied in the investigation of the possible existence of serotonin in porcupine (Hystrix cristata Hystrix cristata) skin. For this purpose, normal skin from four healthy porcupines were used. Serotonin ) skin. For this purpose, normal skin from four healthy porcupines were used. Serotonin immunoreactive cells were found at the Stratum Basale and Stratum granulosum of the epidermis. In addition immunoreactive cells were found at the Stratum Basale and Stratum granulosum of the epidermis. In addition serotonin immunoreactivity was detected in the internal root sheat, medulla and epithelium of hair follicule serotonin immunoreactivity was detected in the internal root sheat, medulla and epithelium of hair follicule cells. No immunoreactivity of serotonin occurred in the dermis. These results are the fi rst evidence of serotonin cells. No immunoreactivity of serotonin occurred in the dermis. These results are the fi rst evidence of serotonin immunoreactivity in epidermis cells, hair follicule cells of porcupines. Thus, serotonin should be considered a immunoreactivity in epidermis cells, hair follicule cells of porcupines. Thus, serotonin should be considered a cellular modulator in skin. cellular modulator in skin.

  • Immunohistochemical localization of irisin in skin, eye, and thyroid and pineal glands of the crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata).
    Biotechnic & Histochemistry, 2016
    Co-Authors: B Gençer Tarakçı, Sema Timurkaan, Aydın Girgin, Mehmet Hanifi Yalçın, Meryem Karan
    Abstract:

    Irisin was first identified in muscle cells. We detected irisin immunoreactivity in various organs of the crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata). In the epidermis, irisin immunoreactivity was localized mainly in Stratum Basale, Stratum spinosum and Stratum granulosum layers; immunoreactivity was not observed in the Stratum corneum. In the dermis, irisin was found in the external and internal root sheath, cortex and medulla of hair follicles, and in sebaceous glands. Irisin immunoreactivity was found in the neural retina and skeletal muscle fibers associated with the eye. The pineal and thyroid glands also exhibited irisin immunoreactivity.