The Experts below are selected from a list of 26772 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Shelley Bielefeld - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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compulsory income management indigenous peoples and Structural Violence implications for citizenship and autonomy
2015Co-Authors: Shelley BielefeldAbstract:This article critically analyses the role of law in the process of Structural Violence. It considers racial discrimination against Indigenous peoples in the context of compulsory income management. Australia has a long history of racial discrimination towards Indigenous peoples that includes placing restrictions on their spending patterns. Historical investigation reveals that past colonial laws created impoverished conditions for many Aboriginal peoples and a paternalistic style of governance resulted in further reinforcement of negative colonial stereotypes. The enactment of income management laws was also intricately connected to economic rationalism and the creation of industries of micromanagement on the basis of race. These industries were instrumental in transferring the wealth that rightfully belonged to Indigenous peoples to government treasuries. This article critiques the racist assumptions underpinning laws of this type, and highlights the way that these sorts of laws reproduce Structural Violence. The article also explores the contemporary resurgence of compulsory income management, which includes restrictions on spending patterns, and the impact that these laws and policies have upon Indigenous welfare recipients living in the Northern Territory. It contends that these restrictions have a deleterious impact upon the autonomy and citizenship rights of those affected by them, despite the fact that the government has ostensibly enacted income management laws to improve the well-being of welfare recipients. The restrictions imposed through compulsory income management radically affect the autonomy of welfare recipients subject to it and renders them more akin to subjects of the state rather than full rights-bearing citizens.
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compulsory income management indigenous peoples and Structural Violence implications for citizenship and autonomy
2015Co-Authors: Shelley BielefeldAbstract:This article critically analyses the role of law in the process of 'Structural Violence'. It considers racial discrimination against Indigenous peoples in the context of compulsory income management. Australia has a long history of racial discrimination towards Indigenous peoples that includes placing restrictions on their spending patterns. Historical investigation reveals that past colonial laws created impoverished conditions for many Aboriginal peoples and a paternalistic style of governance resulted in further reinforcement of negative colonial stereotypes. The enactment of income management laws was also intricately connected to economic rationalism and the creation of industries of micromanagement on the basis of race. These industries were instrumental in transferring the wealth that rightfully belonged to Indigenous peoples to government treasuries. This article critiques the racist assumptions underpinning laws of this type, and highlights the way that these sorts of laws reproduce 'Structural Violence'. The article also explores the contemporary resurgence of compulsory income management, which includes restrictions on spending patterns, and the impact that these laws and policies have upon Indigenous welfare recipients living in the Northern Territory. It contends that these restrictions have a deleterious impact upon the autonomy and citizenship rights of those affected by them, despite the fact that the government has ostensibly enacted income management laws to improve the well-being of welfare recipients.
Kate Shannon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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positive sexuality hiv disclosure gender Violence and the law a qualitative study
2018Co-Authors: Andrea Krusi, Jean Shoveller, Flo Ranville, Lulu Gurney, Tara Lyons, Kate ShannonAbstract:While a growing body of research points to the shortcomings of the criminal law in governing HIV transmission, there is limited understanding of how cis and trans women living with HIV (WLWH) negotiate their sexuality and HIV disclosure in a criminalized environment. Given the ongoing criminalization of HIV non-disclosure and prevalence of gender-based Violence, there is a critical need to better understand the dynamics of negotiating sexual relationships and HIV disclosure among WLWH. We conducted 64 qualitative interviews with cis and trans WLWH in Vancouver, Canada between 2015 and 2017. The interviews were conducted by three experienced researchers, including a cis and a trans WLWH using a semi-structured interview guide. Drawing on a feminist analytical framework and concepts of Structural Violence, the analysis sought to characterize the negotiation of sexual relationships and HIV disclosure among WLWH in a criminalized setting. For many participants their HIV diagnosis initially symbolized the end of their sexuality due to fear of rejection and potential legal consequences. WLWH recounted that disclosing their HIV status shifted the power dynamics in sexual relationships and many feared rejection, Violence, and being outed as living with HIV. Participants’ narratives also highlighted that male condom refusal was common and WLWH were not only subjected to the gendered interpersonal Violence of male condom refusal but also to the Structural Violence of legislation that requires condom use but fails to account for the gendered power imbalance that shapes condom negotiation. Despite frequently being represented as a law that ‘protects’ women, our findings indicate that the criminalization of HIV non-disclosure constitutes a form of gendered Structural Violence that exacerbates risk for interpersonal Violence among WLWH. In line with recommendations by, the WHO and UNAIDS these findings demonstrate the negative impacts of regulating HIV prevention through the use of criminal law for WLWH.
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Structural Violence and Structural vulnerability within the risk environment theoretical and methodological perspectives for a social epidemiology of hiv risk among injection drug users and sex workers
2012Co-Authors: Tim Rhodes, Karla D Wagner, Steffanie A Strathdee, Kate Shannon, Peter J Davidson, Philippe BourgoisAbstract:The transmission of HIV is shaped by individual-environment interactions. Social epidemiologic approaches thus seek to capture the dynamic and reciprocal relationships of individual-environment interactions in the production and reduction of risk. This presents considerable methodological, theoretical and disciplinary challenges. Drawing upon four research case studies, we consider how methods and concepts in the social and epidemiologic sciences might be brought together towards understanding HIV risk as an effect of social, cultural and political condition. The case studies draw upon different combinations of methods (qualitative, ethnographic and quantitative) and disciplines (sociology, anthropology and epidemiology) in different social contexts of HIV vulnerability (street settings in Russia, Serbia and North America and a cross-border setting in Mexico) among a range of marginalised high-risk populations (injection drug users and female and transvestite sex workers). These case studies illustrate the relevance of the social science concepts of “Structural Violence” and “Structural vulnerability” for a social epidemiology of HIV risk. They also explore how social epidemiologic work can benefit from the mixing of social science methods and theories. We contend that social epidemiology cannot advance in its understanding of Structural vulnerability without embracing and relying upon ethnographic and qualitative approaches. We put forward the linked concepts of “Structural Violence,” “Structural vulnerability” and “risk environment” as building blocks for a theory-informed social epidemiology of HIV risk among marginalised populations.
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social and Structural Violence and power relations in mitigating hiv risk of drug using women in survival sex work
2008Co-Authors: Kate Shannon, Thomas Kerr, Shari Allinott, Jill Chettiar, Jean Shoveller, Mark W TyndallAbstract:High rates of Violence among street-level sex workers have been described across the globe, while in cities across Canada the disappearance and victimization of drug-using women in survival sex work is ongoing. Given the pervasive levels of Violence faced by sex workers over the last decades, and extensive harm reduction and HIV prevention efforts operating in Vancouver, Canada, this research aimed to explore the role of social and Structural Violence and power relations in shaping the HIV risk environment and prevention practices of women in survival sex work. Through a participatory-action research project, a series of focus group discussions were conceptualized and co-facilitated by sex workers, community and research partners with a total of 46 women in early 2006. Based on thematic, content and theoretical analysis, the following key factors were seen to both directly and indirectly mediate women’s agency and access to resources, and ability to practice HIV prevention and harm reduction: at the micro-level, boyfriends as pimps and the ‘everyday Violence’ of bad dates; at the meso-level, a lack of safe places to take dates, and adverse impacts of local policing; and at the macro-level, dopesickness and the need to sell sex for drugs. Analysis of the narratives and daily lived experiences of women sex workers highlight the urgent need for a renewed HIV prevention strategy that moves beyond a solely individual-level focus to Structural and environmental interventions, including legal reforms, that facilitate ‘enabling environments’ for HIV prevention. 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Rupinder Legha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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child and adolescent mental health in haiti developing long term mental health services after the 2010 earthquake
2015Co-Authors: Rupinder Legha, Martine M SolagesAbstract:This article presents an overview of child and adolescent mental health in Haiti, emphasizing the role of Structural Violence and the factors shaping child protection. The 2010 Haiti earthquake is discussed as an acute on chronic event that highlighted the lack of pre-existing formal biomedical mental health services and worsened the impact of Structural Violence. Considerations for long-term, sustainable, culturally relevant child and adolescent mental health care in Haiti are also provided.
Rosemary Nagy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the scope and bounds of transitional justice and the canadian truth and reconciliation commission
2013Co-Authors: Rosemary NagyAbstract:The Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) on Indian residential schools allows us to rethink the scope and bounds of transitional justice. Once we expand our notions of injustice and transition, the Canadian case is not so far apart from paradigmatic cases, which too often overlook Structural Violence. The article argues for settler decolonization as a path of reconciliation and in so doing directly engages Structural Violence and instantiates theoretical arguments to more securely anchor the field of transitional justice to positive peace. The article analyzes the decolonizing potential of the TRC in its ability to invoke ‘social accountability’ through its approach to truth and in its grassroots potential. Although the TRC has some capacity to advance decolonization, its progress is hampered by the conservative political environment, its weak public profile and to some degree its own emphasis on survivor healing, which provides a ready focal for settlers to individualize Indian residential schools Violence as something of the past. Yet, Indigenous healing is intrinsically connected to Structural transformation and reconciliation depends upon remedying colonial Violence in the present.
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transitional justice as global project critical reflections
2008Co-Authors: Rosemary NagyAbstract:Abstract This article critically reflects on the ways in which the global project of transitional justice is channelled or streamlined in its scope of application. Using the categories of when, to whom and for what transitional justice applies, it argues that transitional justice is typically constructed to focus on specific sets of actors for specific sets of crimes. This results in a fairly narrow interpretation of Violence within a somewhat artificial time frame and to the exclusion of external actors. The article engages themes of gender, power and Structural Violence to caution against the narrowing and depoliticisation of transitional justice.
Matthew Evans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Structural Violence socioeconomic rights and transformative justice
2016Co-Authors: Matthew EvansAbstract:This article provides a critique of the scope of existing models of transitional justice, which focus on legal and quasi-legal remedies for a narrow set of civil and political rights violations. The article highlights the significance of Structural Violence in producing and reproducing violations of human rights, particularly of socioeconomic rights. There is a need to utilize a different toolkit and a different understanding of human rights from that typically employed in transitional justice in order to remedy Structural violations of human rights. Focusing on a case study of land inequalities in postapartheid South Africa, the potential for transformative (rather than transitional) justice in postconflict and postauthoritarian contexts is discussed. The article outlines a definition of transformative justice, relevant actors, and relationships for such an agenda and discusses the kinds of strategies that promise a more transformative approach.
