The Experts below are selected from a list of 14796 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Audrey De Jong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of endotracheal tube plus stylet versus endotracheal tube alone on successful first-attempt tracheal intubation among critically ill patients: the multicentre randomised STYLETO study protocol.
BMJ Open, 2020Co-Authors: Samir Jaber, Amélie Rolle, Boris Jung, Gerald Chanques, Helena Bertet, David Galeazzi, Claire Chauveton, Nicolas Molinari, Audrey De JongAbstract:Tracheal intubation is one of the most daily practiced procedures performed in intensive care unit (ICU). It is associated with severe life-threatening complications, which can lead to intubation-related cardiac arrest. Using a preshaped endotracheal tube plus stylet may have potential advantages over endotracheal tube without stylet. The stylet is a rigid but malleable introducer which fits inside the endotracheal tube and allows for manipulation of the tube shape; to facilitate passage of the tube through the laryngeal inlet. However, some complications from Stylets have been reported including mucosal bleeding, perforation of the trachea or oesophagus and sore throat. The use of a stylet for first-attempt intubation has never been assessed in ICU and benefit remains to be established.
Marilyne Uzest - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mouthparts morphology of the mealybug Phenacoccus aceris
Bulletin of Insectology, 2018Co-Authors: Antoine Alliaume, Catherine Reinbold, Marilyne Uzest, Olivier Lemaire, Etienne HerrbachAbstract:The mealybug Phenacoccus aceris (Signoret) (Hemiptera Pseudococcidae) is a significant economic pest on grape as a vector of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs) causing the damaging grapevine leafroll disease. To gain new insights into the feeding behavior and structural anatomy of this mealybug, the structure of the mouthparts was described using scanning and transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy. The piercing-sucking mouthparts of P. aceris are composed of a clypeolabral shield and a three-segmented labium with a groove on its anterior face containing the stylet fascicle. Fourteen pairs of different types of sensilla cover the exposed surface of the labium. The stylet fascicle consists of two mandibular Stylets, with serrations on their distal extremity, surrounding two maxillary Stylets. The maxillary Stylets are interlocked and their coapted grooves delimitate the food and the salivary canals. No acrostyle-like structure was observed at the distal extremity of the maxillary Stylets; instead, a specific ridge takes place. Stylet pathway was observed from the salivary flange on penetration site and then with the salivary sheath inside plant tissues up to the vascular tissues. This study provides new insights into P. aceris mouthparts and opens prospects for the study of the feeding behavior and the retention site of non-circulatively transmitted virions.
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The role of cuticular proteins located at the surface of the acrostyle, an organ at the tip of aphid Stylets, in plant-aphid interactions
2017Co-Authors: Maelle Deshoux, Baptiste Monsion, Craig Webster, Stéphane Blanc, Victor Masson, Karim Arafah, Sebastien Voisin, Philippe Bulet, Marilyne UzestAbstract:Aphids are among the most devastating sap-feeding insects on crops. They feed from sieve tubes using specialized piercing-sucking mouthparts, called Stylets. Stylets are made of cuticle, composed mainly of cuticular proteins and chitin. To collect nutrients essential for growth, development and reproduction, aphids have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to overcome plant defenses. Such defenses are triggered by the mechanical injury of penetrating Stylets and by the release of elicitor molecules secreted in the aphid saliva. In compatible interactions, aphid effectors are able to counteract these plant defenses, leading to sustained insect feeding. The acrostyle is an organ located over the inner side of the tip of maxillary Stylets. This organ is in contact with both plant cell content, plant sap and aphid saliva, and may have a key role in aphid-plant interactions during the feeding process. The proteins of the acrostyle are emerging from the cuticule at the stylet/fluid interface, thus able to interact with proteins (at least transiently) originating either from the ingested plant sap or from the egested saliva. In an attempt to define the physiological functions of the acrostyle, the main goal will be to search for interacting partners of the cuticular proteins at the surface of the organ within plant (defense molecules) and aphid saliva (effectors). Cuticular proteins with surface-exposed peptides have been recently identified. Several approaches are now developed to find their putative partners. Preliminary data showing an interaction between a cuticular protein and an effector will be presented.
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Localization of Cucumber mosaic virus Turnip mosaic virus particles in aphid Stylets
2017Co-Authors: Baptiste Monsion, Craig Webster, Daniel Gargani, Maëlle Thillier, Stéphane Blanc, Marilyne UzestAbstract:Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, Bromoviridae family) and Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV, Potyviridae family) are non-persistentviruses transmitted by aphids. They are acquired during brief periods (few seconds to several minutes) when aphids feed on infected plants and are inoculated to healthy plants during subsequent feeding. Virions are thought to interact either directly to receptors on the maxillary stylet cuticle (capsid strategy used by Cucumoviruses, CMV) or via an additional viral protein the helper component HC (helper strategy used by Caulimoviruses and Potyviruses, such as TuMV).To identify the location of retention of both of these viruses within aphid Stylets two approaches were conducted: (i)transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of cross-sections of Stylets and (ii) epifluorescence microscopy on viruliferous aphid Stylets or on dissected Stylets incubated with fluorescently labelled HC or virions.A critical point to ensure the maximum chance of observing virus-stylet interactions is to determine the best virus strain-aphid species pair for transmission, since we suppose the viruses’ interactions with aphid receptor(s) might be more labile , than for P2 and CaMV binding. The second critical step, for in vitro interaction assays is to define a “perfect interaction buffer” to favor the retention of virions or HC. Some additional challenges still need to be solved since we mainly have results on CMV retention sites made by TEM: in vitro interaction assays on dissected Stylets has not allowed identification of CMV particles on the maxillary Stylets. However,CMV particles were found in the food canal and upper part of the common canal by TEM.Progress with TuMV has also been made as we recently found a TuMV/aphid pair surpassing our previous transmission rates (up to 70% with 1 aphid per plant) and we are now more confident for future experiments. A first series of in vitro interaction assays made with different buffers do not yet allow to define an optimal pH or a specific composition to reach the "perfect interaction buffer". The current results and goals of these experiments will be discussed
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A protein key to plant virus transmission at the tip of the insect vector stylet
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007Co-Authors: Marilyne Uzest, Elisa Garzo, Alberto Fereres, Daniel Gargani, Martin Drucker, Eugénie Hébrard, Thierry Candresse, Stéphane BlancAbstract:Hundreds of species of plant viruses, many of them economically important, are transmitted by noncirculative vector transmission (acquisition by attachment of virions to vector mouthparts and inoculation by subsequent release), but virus receptors within the vector remain elusive. Here we report evidence for the existence, precise location, and chemical nature of the first receptor for a noncirculative virus, cauliflower mosaic virus, in its insect vector. Electron microscopy revealed virus-like particles in a previously undescribed anatomical zone at the extreme tip of the aphid maxillary Stylets. A novel in vitro interaction assay characterized binding of cauliflower mosaic virus protein P2 (which mediates virus–vector interaction) to dissected aphid Stylets. A P2-GFP fusion exclusively labeled a tiny cuticular domain located in the bottom-bed of the common food/salivary duct. No binding to Stylets of a non-vector species was observed, and a point mutation abolishing P2 transmission activity correlated with impaired stylet binding. The novel receptor appears to be a nonglycosylated protein deeply embedded in the chitin matrix. Insight into such insect receptor molecules will begin to open the major black box of this scientific field and might lead to new strategies to combat viral spread.
Taylor Sawyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Use and perceived safety of Stylets for neonatal endotracheal intubation: a national survey
Journal of Perinatology, 2018Co-Authors: Megan M Gray, Rachel Umoren, Spencer Harris, Thomas P Strandjord, Taylor SawyerAbstract:Objective To examine the use and perceived safety of Stylets for neonatal intubation in a cohort of providers in the United States. Study design A cross-sectional survey was sent to members of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Result A total of 640 responses were received. 57% reported using a stylet ‘every time’ or ‘almost every time’ they intubated. The preferred stylet bend was a smooth bend of
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use and perceived safety of Stylets for neonatal endotracheal intubation a national survey
Journal of Perinatology, 2018Co-Authors: Megan M Gray, Rachel Umoren, Spencer Harris, Thomas P Strandjord, Taylor SawyerAbstract:To examine the use and perceived safety of Stylets for neonatal intubation in a cohort of providers in the United States. A cross-sectional survey was sent to members of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. A total of 640 responses were received. 57% reported using a stylet ‘every time’ or ‘almost every time’ they intubated. The preferred stylet bend was a smooth bend of <30 degrees. 71% of respondents believed that Stylets were safe. Reported complications from stylet use included tube dislodgement during stylet removal (32%), airway injury with bleeding (9%), and tracheal perforation (2%). Stylet use was common. There was fair consistency on preference for stylet bend and position. Stylet use was believed to be safe, but complications were observed by many respondents. Additional studies are needed to examine the risks and benefits of stylet use during neonatal intubation.
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Use and perceived safety of Stylets for neonatal endotracheal intubation: a national survey.
Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2018Co-Authors: Megan M Gray, Rachel Umoren, Spencer Harris, Thomas P Strandjord, Taylor SawyerAbstract:To examine the use and perceived safety of Stylets for neonatal intubation in a cohort of providers in the United States. A cross-sectional survey was sent to members of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. A total of 640 responses were received. 57% reported using a stylet ‘every time’ or ‘almost every time’ they intubated. The preferred stylet bend was a smooth bend of
Samir Jaber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of endotracheal tube plus stylet versus endotracheal tube alone on successful first-attempt tracheal intubation among critically ill patients: the multicentre randomised STYLETO study protocol.
BMJ Open, 2020Co-Authors: Samir Jaber, Amélie Rolle, Boris Jung, Gerald Chanques, Helena Bertet, David Galeazzi, Claire Chauveton, Nicolas Molinari, Audrey De JongAbstract:Tracheal intubation is one of the most daily practiced procedures performed in intensive care unit (ICU). It is associated with severe life-threatening complications, which can lead to intubation-related cardiac arrest. Using a preshaped endotracheal tube plus stylet may have potential advantages over endotracheal tube without stylet. The stylet is a rigid but malleable introducer which fits inside the endotracheal tube and allows for manipulation of the tube shape; to facilitate passage of the tube through the laryngeal inlet. However, some complications from Stylets have been reported including mucosal bleeding, perforation of the trachea or oesophagus and sore throat. The use of a stylet for first-attempt intubation has never been assessed in ICU and benefit remains to be established.
Stéphane Blanc - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of cuticular proteins located at the surface of the acrostyle, an organ at the tip of aphid Stylets, in plant-aphid interactions
2017Co-Authors: Maelle Deshoux, Baptiste Monsion, Craig Webster, Stéphane Blanc, Victor Masson, Karim Arafah, Sebastien Voisin, Philippe Bulet, Marilyne UzestAbstract:Aphids are among the most devastating sap-feeding insects on crops. They feed from sieve tubes using specialized piercing-sucking mouthparts, called Stylets. Stylets are made of cuticle, composed mainly of cuticular proteins and chitin. To collect nutrients essential for growth, development and reproduction, aphids have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to overcome plant defenses. Such defenses are triggered by the mechanical injury of penetrating Stylets and by the release of elicitor molecules secreted in the aphid saliva. In compatible interactions, aphid effectors are able to counteract these plant defenses, leading to sustained insect feeding. The acrostyle is an organ located over the inner side of the tip of maxillary Stylets. This organ is in contact with both plant cell content, plant sap and aphid saliva, and may have a key role in aphid-plant interactions during the feeding process. The proteins of the acrostyle are emerging from the cuticule at the stylet/fluid interface, thus able to interact with proteins (at least transiently) originating either from the ingested plant sap or from the egested saliva. In an attempt to define the physiological functions of the acrostyle, the main goal will be to search for interacting partners of the cuticular proteins at the surface of the organ within plant (defense molecules) and aphid saliva (effectors). Cuticular proteins with surface-exposed peptides have been recently identified. Several approaches are now developed to find their putative partners. Preliminary data showing an interaction between a cuticular protein and an effector will be presented.
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Localization of Cucumber mosaic virus Turnip mosaic virus particles in aphid Stylets
2017Co-Authors: Baptiste Monsion, Craig Webster, Daniel Gargani, Maëlle Thillier, Stéphane Blanc, Marilyne UzestAbstract:Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, Bromoviridae family) and Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV, Potyviridae family) are non-persistentviruses transmitted by aphids. They are acquired during brief periods (few seconds to several minutes) when aphids feed on infected plants and are inoculated to healthy plants during subsequent feeding. Virions are thought to interact either directly to receptors on the maxillary stylet cuticle (capsid strategy used by Cucumoviruses, CMV) or via an additional viral protein the helper component HC (helper strategy used by Caulimoviruses and Potyviruses, such as TuMV).To identify the location of retention of both of these viruses within aphid Stylets two approaches were conducted: (i)transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of cross-sections of Stylets and (ii) epifluorescence microscopy on viruliferous aphid Stylets or on dissected Stylets incubated with fluorescently labelled HC or virions.A critical point to ensure the maximum chance of observing virus-stylet interactions is to determine the best virus strain-aphid species pair for transmission, since we suppose the viruses’ interactions with aphid receptor(s) might be more labile , than for P2 and CaMV binding. The second critical step, for in vitro interaction assays is to define a “perfect interaction buffer” to favor the retention of virions or HC. Some additional challenges still need to be solved since we mainly have results on CMV retention sites made by TEM: in vitro interaction assays on dissected Stylets has not allowed identification of CMV particles on the maxillary Stylets. However,CMV particles were found in the food canal and upper part of the common canal by TEM.Progress with TuMV has also been made as we recently found a TuMV/aphid pair surpassing our previous transmission rates (up to 70% with 1 aphid per plant) and we are now more confident for future experiments. A first series of in vitro interaction assays made with different buffers do not yet allow to define an optimal pH or a specific composition to reach the "perfect interaction buffer". The current results and goals of these experiments will be discussed
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A protein key to plant virus transmission at the tip of the insect vector stylet
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007Co-Authors: Marilyne Uzest, Elisa Garzo, Alberto Fereres, Daniel Gargani, Martin Drucker, Eugénie Hébrard, Thierry Candresse, Stéphane BlancAbstract:Hundreds of species of plant viruses, many of them economically important, are transmitted by noncirculative vector transmission (acquisition by attachment of virions to vector mouthparts and inoculation by subsequent release), but virus receptors within the vector remain elusive. Here we report evidence for the existence, precise location, and chemical nature of the first receptor for a noncirculative virus, cauliflower mosaic virus, in its insect vector. Electron microscopy revealed virus-like particles in a previously undescribed anatomical zone at the extreme tip of the aphid maxillary Stylets. A novel in vitro interaction assay characterized binding of cauliflower mosaic virus protein P2 (which mediates virus–vector interaction) to dissected aphid Stylets. A P2-GFP fusion exclusively labeled a tiny cuticular domain located in the bottom-bed of the common food/salivary duct. No binding to Stylets of a non-vector species was observed, and a point mutation abolishing P2 transmission activity correlated with impaired stylet binding. The novel receptor appears to be a nonglycosylated protein deeply embedded in the chitin matrix. Insight into such insect receptor molecules will begin to open the major black box of this scientific field and might lead to new strategies to combat viral spread.
