The Experts below are selected from a list of 36 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
D Boruta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
electromyographic activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in exercising horses
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010Co-Authors: C Tessier, S J Holcombe, J A Stick, F J Derksen, D BorutaAbstract:Summary Reasons for performing study: There is a need to understand the process which leads to failure of recruitment of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in clinical cases of nasopharygeal collapse. We therefore studied the timing and intensity of Stylopharyngeus Muscle activity during exercise in horses. Objective: To measure the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in exercising horses and correlate it with the breathing pattern. Methods: Five horses were equipped with a bipolar fine wire electrode placed on the Stylopharyngeus Muscle and a pharyngeal catheter. The horses exercised on a treadmill at speeds corresponding to 50 (HRmax50), 75 and 100% of maximum heart rate, and EMG activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle and upper airway pressures were recorded. The EMG activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle was then correlated to the breathing pattern and the activity quantified and reported as a percentage of the baseline activity measured at HRmax50. Results: There was ongoing activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle throughout the breathing cycle; however, activity increased towards the end of expiration and peaked early during inspiration. Tonic activity was present during expiration. Peak, mean electrical and tonic EMG activity increased significantly (P<0.05) with exercise intensity. Conclusion: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle has inspiratory-related activity and tonic activity that increases with speed. Potential relevance: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle is one of a group of upper airway Muscles that function to support and maintain the patency of the nasopharynx during inspiration. Failure of recruitment of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle during exercise is a potential explanation for clinical cases of dorsal pharyngeal collapse, but further work investigating the activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in horses affected by this disease is needed.
-
effects of Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction on the nasopharynx in exercising horses
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010Co-Authors: C Tessier, S J Holcombe, F J Derksen, C Berney, D BorutaAbstract:Summary Reasons for performing study: Nasopharyngeal collapse has been observed in horses as a potential cause of exercise intolerance and upper respiratory noise. No treatment is currently available and affected horses are often retired from performance. Objective: To determine the effect of bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block and Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction on nasopharyngeal function and airway pressures in exercising horses. Methods: Endoscopic examinations were performed on horses at rest and while running on a treadmill at speeds corresponding to HRmax50, HRmax75 and HRmax, with upper airway pressures measured with and without bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block. Results: Bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block caused Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction and dorsal nasopharyngeal collapse in all horses. Peak inspiratory upper airway pressure was significantly (P = 0.0069) more negative at all speeds and respiratory frequency was lower (P = 0.017) in horses with bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block and Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction compared to control values. Conclusions: Bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve anaesthesia produced Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction, dorsal pharyngeal collapse and airway obstruction in all horses. Potential relevance: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle is probably an important nasopharyngeal dilating Muscle in horses and dysfunction of this Muscle may be implicated in clinical cases of dorsal nasopharyngeal collapse. Before this information can be clinically useful, further research on the possible aetiology of Stylopharyngeus dysfunction and dysfunction of other Muscles that dilate the dorsal and lateral walls of the nasopharynx in horses is needed.
C Tessier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
electromyographic activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in exercising horses
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010Co-Authors: C Tessier, S J Holcombe, J A Stick, F J Derksen, D BorutaAbstract:Summary Reasons for performing study: There is a need to understand the process which leads to failure of recruitment of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in clinical cases of nasopharygeal collapse. We therefore studied the timing and intensity of Stylopharyngeus Muscle activity during exercise in horses. Objective: To measure the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in exercising horses and correlate it with the breathing pattern. Methods: Five horses were equipped with a bipolar fine wire electrode placed on the Stylopharyngeus Muscle and a pharyngeal catheter. The horses exercised on a treadmill at speeds corresponding to 50 (HRmax50), 75 and 100% of maximum heart rate, and EMG activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle and upper airway pressures were recorded. The EMG activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle was then correlated to the breathing pattern and the activity quantified and reported as a percentage of the baseline activity measured at HRmax50. Results: There was ongoing activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle throughout the breathing cycle; however, activity increased towards the end of expiration and peaked early during inspiration. Tonic activity was present during expiration. Peak, mean electrical and tonic EMG activity increased significantly (P<0.05) with exercise intensity. Conclusion: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle has inspiratory-related activity and tonic activity that increases with speed. Potential relevance: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle is one of a group of upper airway Muscles that function to support and maintain the patency of the nasopharynx during inspiration. Failure of recruitment of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle during exercise is a potential explanation for clinical cases of dorsal pharyngeal collapse, but further work investigating the activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in horses affected by this disease is needed.
-
effects of Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction on the nasopharynx in exercising horses
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010Co-Authors: C Tessier, S J Holcombe, F J Derksen, C Berney, D BorutaAbstract:Summary Reasons for performing study: Nasopharyngeal collapse has been observed in horses as a potential cause of exercise intolerance and upper respiratory noise. No treatment is currently available and affected horses are often retired from performance. Objective: To determine the effect of bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block and Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction on nasopharyngeal function and airway pressures in exercising horses. Methods: Endoscopic examinations were performed on horses at rest and while running on a treadmill at speeds corresponding to HRmax50, HRmax75 and HRmax, with upper airway pressures measured with and without bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block. Results: Bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block caused Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction and dorsal nasopharyngeal collapse in all horses. Peak inspiratory upper airway pressure was significantly (P = 0.0069) more negative at all speeds and respiratory frequency was lower (P = 0.017) in horses with bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block and Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction compared to control values. Conclusions: Bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve anaesthesia produced Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction, dorsal pharyngeal collapse and airway obstruction in all horses. Potential relevance: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle is probably an important nasopharyngeal dilating Muscle in horses and dysfunction of this Muscle may be implicated in clinical cases of dorsal nasopharyngeal collapse. Before this information can be clinically useful, further research on the possible aetiology of Stylopharyngeus dysfunction and dysfunction of other Muscles that dilate the dorsal and lateral walls of the nasopharynx in horses is needed.
F J Derksen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
electromyographic activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in exercising horses
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010Co-Authors: C Tessier, S J Holcombe, J A Stick, F J Derksen, D BorutaAbstract:Summary Reasons for performing study: There is a need to understand the process which leads to failure of recruitment of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in clinical cases of nasopharygeal collapse. We therefore studied the timing and intensity of Stylopharyngeus Muscle activity during exercise in horses. Objective: To measure the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in exercising horses and correlate it with the breathing pattern. Methods: Five horses were equipped with a bipolar fine wire electrode placed on the Stylopharyngeus Muscle and a pharyngeal catheter. The horses exercised on a treadmill at speeds corresponding to 50 (HRmax50), 75 and 100% of maximum heart rate, and EMG activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle and upper airway pressures were recorded. The EMG activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle was then correlated to the breathing pattern and the activity quantified and reported as a percentage of the baseline activity measured at HRmax50. Results: There was ongoing activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle throughout the breathing cycle; however, activity increased towards the end of expiration and peaked early during inspiration. Tonic activity was present during expiration. Peak, mean electrical and tonic EMG activity increased significantly (P<0.05) with exercise intensity. Conclusion: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle has inspiratory-related activity and tonic activity that increases with speed. Potential relevance: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle is one of a group of upper airway Muscles that function to support and maintain the patency of the nasopharynx during inspiration. Failure of recruitment of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle during exercise is a potential explanation for clinical cases of dorsal pharyngeal collapse, but further work investigating the activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in horses affected by this disease is needed.
-
effects of Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction on the nasopharynx in exercising horses
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010Co-Authors: C Tessier, S J Holcombe, F J Derksen, C Berney, D BorutaAbstract:Summary Reasons for performing study: Nasopharyngeal collapse has been observed in horses as a potential cause of exercise intolerance and upper respiratory noise. No treatment is currently available and affected horses are often retired from performance. Objective: To determine the effect of bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block and Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction on nasopharyngeal function and airway pressures in exercising horses. Methods: Endoscopic examinations were performed on horses at rest and while running on a treadmill at speeds corresponding to HRmax50, HRmax75 and HRmax, with upper airway pressures measured with and without bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block. Results: Bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block caused Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction and dorsal nasopharyngeal collapse in all horses. Peak inspiratory upper airway pressure was significantly (P = 0.0069) more negative at all speeds and respiratory frequency was lower (P = 0.017) in horses with bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block and Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction compared to control values. Conclusions: Bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve anaesthesia produced Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction, dorsal pharyngeal collapse and airway obstruction in all horses. Potential relevance: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle is probably an important nasopharyngeal dilating Muscle in horses and dysfunction of this Muscle may be implicated in clinical cases of dorsal nasopharyngeal collapse. Before this information can be clinically useful, further research on the possible aetiology of Stylopharyngeus dysfunction and dysfunction of other Muscles that dilate the dorsal and lateral walls of the nasopharynx in horses is needed.
S J Holcombe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
electromyographic activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in exercising horses
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010Co-Authors: C Tessier, S J Holcombe, J A Stick, F J Derksen, D BorutaAbstract:Summary Reasons for performing study: There is a need to understand the process which leads to failure of recruitment of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in clinical cases of nasopharygeal collapse. We therefore studied the timing and intensity of Stylopharyngeus Muscle activity during exercise in horses. Objective: To measure the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in exercising horses and correlate it with the breathing pattern. Methods: Five horses were equipped with a bipolar fine wire electrode placed on the Stylopharyngeus Muscle and a pharyngeal catheter. The horses exercised on a treadmill at speeds corresponding to 50 (HRmax50), 75 and 100% of maximum heart rate, and EMG activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle and upper airway pressures were recorded. The EMG activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle was then correlated to the breathing pattern and the activity quantified and reported as a percentage of the baseline activity measured at HRmax50. Results: There was ongoing activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle throughout the breathing cycle; however, activity increased towards the end of expiration and peaked early during inspiration. Tonic activity was present during expiration. Peak, mean electrical and tonic EMG activity increased significantly (P<0.05) with exercise intensity. Conclusion: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle has inspiratory-related activity and tonic activity that increases with speed. Potential relevance: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle is one of a group of upper airway Muscles that function to support and maintain the patency of the nasopharynx during inspiration. Failure of recruitment of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle during exercise is a potential explanation for clinical cases of dorsal pharyngeal collapse, but further work investigating the activity of the Stylopharyngeus Muscle in horses affected by this disease is needed.
-
effects of Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction on the nasopharynx in exercising horses
Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010Co-Authors: C Tessier, S J Holcombe, F J Derksen, C Berney, D BorutaAbstract:Summary Reasons for performing study: Nasopharyngeal collapse has been observed in horses as a potential cause of exercise intolerance and upper respiratory noise. No treatment is currently available and affected horses are often retired from performance. Objective: To determine the effect of bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block and Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction on nasopharyngeal function and airway pressures in exercising horses. Methods: Endoscopic examinations were performed on horses at rest and while running on a treadmill at speeds corresponding to HRmax50, HRmax75 and HRmax, with upper airway pressures measured with and without bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block. Results: Bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block caused Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction and dorsal nasopharyngeal collapse in all horses. Peak inspiratory upper airway pressure was significantly (P = 0.0069) more negative at all speeds and respiratory frequency was lower (P = 0.017) in horses with bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve block and Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction compared to control values. Conclusions: Bilateral glossopharyngeal nerve anaesthesia produced Stylopharyngeus Muscle dysfunction, dorsal pharyngeal collapse and airway obstruction in all horses. Potential relevance: The Stylopharyngeus Muscle is probably an important nasopharyngeal dilating Muscle in horses and dysfunction of this Muscle may be implicated in clinical cases of dorsal nasopharyngeal collapse. Before this information can be clinically useful, further research on the possible aetiology of Stylopharyngeus dysfunction and dysfunction of other Muscles that dilate the dorsal and lateral walls of the nasopharynx in horses is needed.
Richard H Greiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Ear pain in patients with oropharynx carcinoma: how MRI contributes to the explanation of a prognostic and predictive symptom
European Radiology, 2004Co-Authors: Harriet C. Thoeny, Karl T Beer, Peter Vock, Richard H GreinerAbstract:Reflex otalgia is a predictive and prognostic parameter for local control in patients with oropharynx carcinoma. Can a morphologic correlate of this important symptom be detected by MRI? Thirty-six patients were prospectively evaluated by MRI before radical radiotherapy. Sixteen patients had reflex otalgia; 20 did not. The oropharynx and adjacent regions were analyzed. Alteration was defined as effacement of anatomical structures, signal alteration or enhancement after contrast medium administration. The χ ^2-test was used to compare categorical parameters. In patients with reflex otalgia, alteration of the following structures innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve were found significantly more often: nasopharynx, hard palate, superior constrictor pharyngis Muscle, palatine tonsil, palatopharyngeus Muscle, palatoglossus Muscle, Stylopharyngeus Muscle, hyoglossus Muscle and preepiglottic space. No difference was found for the Muscles of mastication, levator and tensor veli palatini Muscles, styloglossus Muscle, genioglossus Muscle, intrinsic Muscles of the tongue, digastric Muscles, mucosal surface of the lateral and posterior pharyngeal wall, uvula, valleculae, parapharyngeal space and larynx. An alteration of structures innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve was visualized on MRI significantly more often when reflex otalgia was present. Involvement of structures innervated by other cranial nerves did not show the same association with ear pain.
