The Experts below are selected from a list of 291 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
W H O Ernst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relay cropping of sorghum and legume shrubs for crop yield improvement and striga control in the Subsistence Agriculture region of tigray northern ethiopia
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2005Co-Authors: Fatma Reda, Jos A.c. Verkleij, W H O ErnstAbstract:Striga hermonthica is a major constraint in the Subsistence Agriculture regions of northern Ethiopia. Low soil fertility and overall environmental degradation has contributed to the build up of the parasitic weed infestation. Improved cropping systems have to be introduced to address the interrelated problems of Striga and soil fertility decline. Thus, relay cropping of sorghum with legume shrubs was investigated at two locations representing different environments. Results showed that the output of the improved cropping system was dependent on ecological endowments. Relay cropping led to significant improvement in yield at Sheraro, at the site with relatively better weather and soil conditions. The legume shrubs resulted in significantly lower sorghum yield in a dryland location (Adibakel). Overall Striga infestation declined over the 3-year period; however, treatment differences were not apparent. Among the two legume shrubs, Sesbania sesban was better adapted to the dryland areas. Relay cropping could provide a viable option for farmers in both types of environments that are characterized by accelerated decline in natural resource base. However, it could mean compromising the yield of non-fertilized sorghum in the interest of long-term benefits of low incidence of Striga and more rewarding crop enterprise in dry areas.
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Intercropping for the improvement of Sorghum yield, soil fertility and Striga control in the Subsistence Agriculture region of Tigray (Northern Ethiopia).
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2005Co-Authors: Fatma Reda, Jos A.c. Verkleij, W H O ErnstAbstract:Striga hermonthica is a major biotic constraint in the dry and less fertile areas of northern Ethiopia. Emphasis is being placed on improved cropping systems to address the interrelated problems of Striga and soil fertility decline. The potential benefits of intercropping were investigated at two sites representing different environments for crop yield improvement, soil fertility maintenance and Striga control. Ten food legume and oilseed crop species were compared in inter-row arrangement with sorghum under non-fertilized conditions. In most cases, there was no significant negative impact of intercropping on sorghum growth and development. Among the intercrops, two cowpea varieties - cv. TVU 1977 OD and cv. Blackeye bean - produced the highest supplemental yield of up to 329 and 623 kg ha -1 grain and 608 and 1173 kg ha - 1 biomass at Adibakel and Sheraro respectively. Treatment differences on Striga infestation and measured soil fertility indicators were not significant. Nevertheless, valuable grain and biomass obtained from the legume intercrops, without seriously compromising sorghum yield, could offer multiple benefits as a source of protein, additional income, feeds for animals and manure in the Subsistence Agriculture regions of northern Ethiopia.
Fatma Reda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relay cropping of sorghum and legume shrubs for crop yield improvement and striga control in the Subsistence Agriculture region of tigray northern ethiopia
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2005Co-Authors: Fatma Reda, Jos A.c. Verkleij, W H O ErnstAbstract:Striga hermonthica is a major constraint in the Subsistence Agriculture regions of northern Ethiopia. Low soil fertility and overall environmental degradation has contributed to the build up of the parasitic weed infestation. Improved cropping systems have to be introduced to address the interrelated problems of Striga and soil fertility decline. Thus, relay cropping of sorghum with legume shrubs was investigated at two locations representing different environments. Results showed that the output of the improved cropping system was dependent on ecological endowments. Relay cropping led to significant improvement in yield at Sheraro, at the site with relatively better weather and soil conditions. The legume shrubs resulted in significantly lower sorghum yield in a dryland location (Adibakel). Overall Striga infestation declined over the 3-year period; however, treatment differences were not apparent. Among the two legume shrubs, Sesbania sesban was better adapted to the dryland areas. Relay cropping could provide a viable option for farmers in both types of environments that are characterized by accelerated decline in natural resource base. However, it could mean compromising the yield of non-fertilized sorghum in the interest of long-term benefits of low incidence of Striga and more rewarding crop enterprise in dry areas.
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Intercropping for the improvement of Sorghum yield, soil fertility and Striga control in the Subsistence Agriculture region of Tigray (Northern Ethiopia).
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2005Co-Authors: Fatma Reda, Jos A.c. Verkleij, W H O ErnstAbstract:Striga hermonthica is a major biotic constraint in the dry and less fertile areas of northern Ethiopia. Emphasis is being placed on improved cropping systems to address the interrelated problems of Striga and soil fertility decline. The potential benefits of intercropping were investigated at two sites representing different environments for crop yield improvement, soil fertility maintenance and Striga control. Ten food legume and oilseed crop species were compared in inter-row arrangement with sorghum under non-fertilized conditions. In most cases, there was no significant negative impact of intercropping on sorghum growth and development. Among the intercrops, two cowpea varieties - cv. TVU 1977 OD and cv. Blackeye bean - produced the highest supplemental yield of up to 329 and 623 kg ha -1 grain and 608 and 1173 kg ha - 1 biomass at Adibakel and Sheraro respectively. Treatment differences on Striga infestation and measured soil fertility indicators were not significant. Nevertheless, valuable grain and biomass obtained from the legume intercrops, without seriously compromising sorghum yield, could offer multiple benefits as a source of protein, additional income, feeds for animals and manure in the Subsistence Agriculture regions of northern Ethiopia.
Richard Rogerson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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productivity transport costs and Subsistence Agriculture
Journal of Development Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Douglas Gollin, Richard RogersonAbstract:Abstract A defining feature of many poor economies is the large fraction of workers engaged in Subsistence Agriculture. We develop a multi-sector multi-region model of a poor economy in which it is costly to transport goods across regions in order to study this outcome. A key finding is that higher transport costs drive up the size of the agricultural workforce and the fraction in Subsistence. In a calibrated version of our model we show that the effect of transport productivity is quantitatively important in terms of both allocations and welfare.
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Productivity, transport costs and Subsistence Agriculture ☆
Journal of Development Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Douglas Gollin, Richard RogersonAbstract:Abstract A defining feature of many poor economies is the large fraction of workers engaged in Subsistence Agriculture. We develop a multi-sector multi-region model of a poor economy in which it is costly to transport goods across regions in order to study this outcome. A key finding is that higher transport costs drive up the size of the agricultural workforce and the fraction in Subsistence. In a calibrated version of our model we show that the effect of transport productivity is quantitatively important in terms of both allocations and welfare.
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Agriculture, Roads, and Economic Development in Uganda
2014Co-Authors: Douglas Gollin, Richard RogersonAbstract:A large fraction of Uganda's population continues to earn a living from quasi-Subsistence Agriculture. This paper uses a static general equilibrium model to explore the relationships between high transportation costs, low productivity, and the size of the quasi-Subsistence sector. We parameterize the model to replicate some key features of the Ugandan data, and we then perform a series of quantitative experiments. Our results suggest that the population in quasi-Subsistence Agriculture is highly sensitive both to agricultural productivity levels and to transportation costs. The model also suggests positive complementarities between improvements in agricultural productivity and transportation.(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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Agriculture, Roads, and Economic Development in Uganda
2010Co-Authors: Douglas Gollin, Richard RogersonAbstract:A large fraction of Uganda's population continues to earn a living from quasi-Subsistence Agriculture. This paper uses a static general equilibrium model to explore the relationships between high transportation costs, low productivity, and the size of the quasi-Subsistence sector. We parameterize the model to replicate some key features of the Ugandan data, and we then perform a series of quantitative experiments. Our results suggest that the population in quasi-Subsistence Agriculture is highly sensitive both to agricultural productivity levels and to transportation costs. The model also suggests positive complementarities between improvements in agricultural productivity and transportation.
Jos A.c. Verkleij - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relay cropping of sorghum and legume shrubs for crop yield improvement and striga control in the Subsistence Agriculture region of tigray northern ethiopia
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2005Co-Authors: Fatma Reda, Jos A.c. Verkleij, W H O ErnstAbstract:Striga hermonthica is a major constraint in the Subsistence Agriculture regions of northern Ethiopia. Low soil fertility and overall environmental degradation has contributed to the build up of the parasitic weed infestation. Improved cropping systems have to be introduced to address the interrelated problems of Striga and soil fertility decline. Thus, relay cropping of sorghum with legume shrubs was investigated at two locations representing different environments. Results showed that the output of the improved cropping system was dependent on ecological endowments. Relay cropping led to significant improvement in yield at Sheraro, at the site with relatively better weather and soil conditions. The legume shrubs resulted in significantly lower sorghum yield in a dryland location (Adibakel). Overall Striga infestation declined over the 3-year period; however, treatment differences were not apparent. Among the two legume shrubs, Sesbania sesban was better adapted to the dryland areas. Relay cropping could provide a viable option for farmers in both types of environments that are characterized by accelerated decline in natural resource base. However, it could mean compromising the yield of non-fertilized sorghum in the interest of long-term benefits of low incidence of Striga and more rewarding crop enterprise in dry areas.
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Intercropping for the improvement of Sorghum yield, soil fertility and Striga control in the Subsistence Agriculture region of Tigray (Northern Ethiopia).
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2005Co-Authors: Fatma Reda, Jos A.c. Verkleij, W H O ErnstAbstract:Striga hermonthica is a major biotic constraint in the dry and less fertile areas of northern Ethiopia. Emphasis is being placed on improved cropping systems to address the interrelated problems of Striga and soil fertility decline. The potential benefits of intercropping were investigated at two sites representing different environments for crop yield improvement, soil fertility maintenance and Striga control. Ten food legume and oilseed crop species were compared in inter-row arrangement with sorghum under non-fertilized conditions. In most cases, there was no significant negative impact of intercropping on sorghum growth and development. Among the intercrops, two cowpea varieties - cv. TVU 1977 OD and cv. Blackeye bean - produced the highest supplemental yield of up to 329 and 623 kg ha -1 grain and 608 and 1173 kg ha - 1 biomass at Adibakel and Sheraro respectively. Treatment differences on Striga infestation and measured soil fertility indicators were not significant. Nevertheless, valuable grain and biomass obtained from the legume intercrops, without seriously compromising sorghum yield, could offer multiple benefits as a source of protein, additional income, feeds for animals and manure in the Subsistence Agriculture regions of northern Ethiopia.
Sandra Joy Rennie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Subsistence Agriculture versus cash cropping — the social repercussions
Journal of Rural Studies, 1991Co-Authors: Sandra Joy RennieAbstract:Abstract The move to cash cropping is often seen as a move forward in development and income generation, while Subsistence Agriculture is undervalued. Yet each has its place. This article demonstrates the effects on women of introducing cash cropping in two groups of Pacific Islands, the Solomons and the Kingdom of Tonga. Variables include land ownership and access, status of women, nutritional status, time allocation, availability of credit, cultural attitudes and literacy. The paper provides some insight into how Agriculture was perceived and organized before the advent of western influences. Women fared far better in earlier times in both island groups. Today they have additional work and less assistance and are therefore under greater pressure. It is of particular concern that projects ignore this chain of events, with the result that women are by-passed in development. Women can and should be incorporated into development programmes if their full impact is to be realized.
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Subsistence Agriculture versus cash cropping the social repercussions
Journal of Rural Studies, 1991Co-Authors: Sandra Joy RennieAbstract:Abstract The move to cash cropping is often seen as a move forward in development and income generation, while Subsistence Agriculture is undervalued. Yet each has its place. This article demonstrates the effects on women of introducing cash cropping in two groups of Pacific Islands, the Solomons and the Kingdom of Tonga. Variables include land ownership and access, status of women, nutritional status, time allocation, availability of credit, cultural attitudes and literacy. The paper provides some insight into how Agriculture was perceived and organized before the advent of western influences. Women fared far better in earlier times in both island groups. Today they have additional work and less assistance and are therefore under greater pressure. It is of particular concern that projects ignore this chain of events, with the result that women are by-passed in development. Women can and should be incorporated into development programmes if their full impact is to be realized.
