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William F Schillinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soil properties influenced by Summer Fallow management in the horse heaven hills of south central washington
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018Co-Authors: Brenton Sharratt, William F SchillingerAbstract:The Horse Heaven Hills (HHH) is the world9s driest rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) region where soils are highly susceptible to wind erosion due to use of tillage during the Fallow phase of the winter wheat–Summer Fallow (WW-SF) cropping system. Wheat straw residue biomass and cover, surface roughness, soil water content and strength, and aggregate size distribution of no-tillage Fallow (NTF), undercutter-tillage Fallow (UTF), and traditional-tillage Fallow (TTF) were measured after primary tillage of UTF and TTF in late April and after sowing winter wheat in late August of 2007 at two sites in the HHH. Residue cover and silhouette area index were at least two times greater and penetration resistance and shear stress were at least five times greater for NTF than TTF in spring and late Summer at both sites. Random roughness was typically lower for NTF as compared with UTF in spring and late Summer at both sites. Summer Fallow treatments influenced soil aggregation whereby geometric mean diameter was greater and erodible fraction was lower for NTF than TTF. Based upon the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ), sediment flux was lowest for NTF and at least 70% lower for UTF as compared with TTF. Thus, soil loss due to wind erosion can be reduced by using NTF and UTF rather than TTF for WW-SF rotations in the HHH.
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wind erosion potential of a winter wheat Summer Fallow rotation after land application of biosolids
Aeolian Research, 2018Co-Authors: Brenton Sharratt, William F Schillinger, Andy I Bary, Craig G CoggerAbstract:Abstract Conservation tillage is a viable management strategy to control soil wind erosion, but other strategies such as land application of biosolids that enhance soil quality may also reduce wind erosion. No studies have determined the effects of biosolids on wind erosion. Wind erosion potential of a silt loam was assessed using a portable wind tunnel after applying synthetic and biosolids fertilizer to traditional (disk) and conservation (undercutter) tillage practices during the Summer Fallow phase of a winter wheat-Summer Fallow (WW-SF) rotation in 2015 and 2016 in east-central Washington. Soil loss ranged from 12 to 61% lower for undercutter than disk tillage, possibly due to retention of more biomass on the soil surface of the undercutter versus disk tillage treatment. In contrast, soil loss was similar to or lower for biosolids as compared with synthetic fertilizer treatment. Our results suggest that biosolids applications to agricultural lands will have minimal impact on wind erosion.
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best management practices for Summer Fallow in the world s driest rainfed wheat region
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2014Co-Authors: William F Schillinger, Douglas L YoungAbstract:Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 78:1707–1715 doi:10.2136/sssaj2014.04.0168 Received 24 Apr. 2014. *Corresponding author (william.schillinger@wsu.edu). © Soil Science Society of America, 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison WI 53711 USA All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher. Best Management Practices for Summer Fallow in the World’s Driest Rainfed Wheat Region Soil & Water Management & Conservation
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wind erosion and pm10 emission affected by tillage systems in the world s driest rainfed wheat region
Soil & Tillage Research, 2012Co-Authors: Prabhakar Singh, Brenton Sharratt, William F SchillingerAbstract:Abstract The Horse Heaven Hills of south-central Washington is the driest rainfed wheat growing region in the world. Low precipitation, high winds, poorly aggregated soils, sparse residue cover, and a tillage-based winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) – Summer Fallow (WW-SF) cropping system often combine to create soil surfaces which are susceptible to wind erosion. No-tillage Summer Fallow (NTF) and conservation tillage Fallow (CTF) with an undercutter sweep implement were examined as alternative practices to traditional tillage Fallow (TTF) with a tandem disk implement for reducing wind erosion and PM10 (particulate matter ≤10 μm in aerodynamic diameter) emissions during the Fallow phase of the WW-SF rotation. Wind erosion and PM10 emissions were assessed with a wind tunnel after primary spring tillage in mid-to-late April and after sowing winter wheat in August. Sediment loss and PM10 vertical flux and loss were generally less for NTF than with TTF, likely due to retention of surface residue and maintaining a soil crust in NTF. Sediment and PM10 loss increased after sowing wheat in both the TTF and CTF treatments. Although NTF abated the loss of sediment and PM0 compared with TTF, NTF is not yet an economical option for most growers in the region. Conservation tillage Fallow using the undercutter sweep is an economically viable alternative to TTF for reducing windblown sediment and PM10 loss from agricultural soils in the Horse Heaven Hills.
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predicting seed zone water content for Summer Fallow in the inland pacific northwest usa
Soil & Tillage Research, 2011Co-Authors: Prabhakar Singh, Markus Flury, William F SchillingerAbstract:A B S T R A C T The Horse Heaven Hills in south-central Washington contains the world’s driest rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) region. The climate is Mediterranean with average annual precipitation as low as 150 mm. The cropping system is winter wheat-Summer Fallow. Tillage is used in the spring of the 13-month Fallow to establish a dry soil mulch to help retain seed-zone water to establish winter wheat planted deep into Fallow in late August. However, the Horse Heaven Hills is often so dry that even tillage-based Summer Fallow (TF) cannot retain adequate seed-zone water, and farmers must then wait until the onset of rains in mid October or later for planting. In such dry years, farmers would be better off practicing no-till Fallow (NTF) to protect the soil from wind erosion; but no predictive tools are available to assist in these decisions. The objectives of our study were (1) to predict seed-zone water contents and water potentials in late August or early September based on soil water content measured in early April and (2) to compare seed-zone water in TF and NTF. Experiments were conducted for 5 years at each of two sites. Soil water content was measured in both early April and late August. Soil properties and residue loads were characterized to calibrate the Simultaneous Heat and Water model (SHAW). Seed-zone water was simulated in late August based on measured soil water contents in early April and measured temperature and precipitation from April to August. The SHAW model correctly predicted seed-zone water content 80% of the time. The amount and timing of rainfall occurring in April, May, and June was the most important factor controlling the seed-zone water content in late August, suggesting that farmers should delay their decision on whether to practice TF or NTF until late in the spring.
Brenton Sharratt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soil properties influenced by Summer Fallow management in the horse heaven hills of south central washington
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018Co-Authors: Brenton Sharratt, William F SchillingerAbstract:The Horse Heaven Hills (HHH) is the world9s driest rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) region where soils are highly susceptible to wind erosion due to use of tillage during the Fallow phase of the winter wheat–Summer Fallow (WW-SF) cropping system. Wheat straw residue biomass and cover, surface roughness, soil water content and strength, and aggregate size distribution of no-tillage Fallow (NTF), undercutter-tillage Fallow (UTF), and traditional-tillage Fallow (TTF) were measured after primary tillage of UTF and TTF in late April and after sowing winter wheat in late August of 2007 at two sites in the HHH. Residue cover and silhouette area index were at least two times greater and penetration resistance and shear stress were at least five times greater for NTF than TTF in spring and late Summer at both sites. Random roughness was typically lower for NTF as compared with UTF in spring and late Summer at both sites. Summer Fallow treatments influenced soil aggregation whereby geometric mean diameter was greater and erodible fraction was lower for NTF than TTF. Based upon the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ), sediment flux was lowest for NTF and at least 70% lower for UTF as compared with TTF. Thus, soil loss due to wind erosion can be reduced by using NTF and UTF rather than TTF for WW-SF rotations in the HHH.
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wind erosion potential of a winter wheat Summer Fallow rotation after land application of biosolids
Aeolian Research, 2018Co-Authors: Brenton Sharratt, William F Schillinger, Andy I Bary, Craig G CoggerAbstract:Abstract Conservation tillage is a viable management strategy to control soil wind erosion, but other strategies such as land application of biosolids that enhance soil quality may also reduce wind erosion. No studies have determined the effects of biosolids on wind erosion. Wind erosion potential of a silt loam was assessed using a portable wind tunnel after applying synthetic and biosolids fertilizer to traditional (disk) and conservation (undercutter) tillage practices during the Summer Fallow phase of a winter wheat-Summer Fallow (WW-SF) rotation in 2015 and 2016 in east-central Washington. Soil loss ranged from 12 to 61% lower for undercutter than disk tillage, possibly due to retention of more biomass on the soil surface of the undercutter versus disk tillage treatment. In contrast, soil loss was similar to or lower for biosolids as compared with synthetic fertilizer treatment. Our results suggest that biosolids applications to agricultural lands will have minimal impact on wind erosion.
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surface characteristics of a windblown soil altered by tillage intensity during Summer Fallow
Aeolian Research, 2012Co-Authors: Brenton Sharratt, Laura Wendling, Guanglong FengAbstract:Abstract Winter wheat – Summer Fallow is the crop rotation used on more than 1.5 million ha in the Pacific Northwest United States. Land maintained using conventional Summer Fallow is susceptible to wind erosion because multiple tillage operations during the Fallow period expose the soil to high winds. Alternative management strategies are needed that protect the soil surface from erosion during Summer Fallow. Surface characteristics were examined after subjecting the loessial soil to seven (conventional), five (reduced), three (minimum), and zero (no) tillage operations during the Fallow period. Surface residue biomass and roughness and soil crust, aggregation, strength, and water content were measured after tillage and sowing operations. No tillage resulted in a more persistent and thicker soil crust and greater residue cover, silhouette area index (SAI), and penetration resistance than conventional and reduced tillage. For those treatments subject to tillage, minimum tillage resulted in a thicker soil crust and greater residue cover, SAI, ridge roughness, mean aggregate diameter, and penetration resistance as compared to conventional or reduced tillage after primary tillage. Near the end of the Fallow period, minimum tillage resulted in 15% greater residue cover than conventional tillage. Soil loss from minimum tillage is expected to be 50% of conventional tillage based upon these differences in residue cover. This study suggests that minimum tillage is an alternative strategy to conventional tillage for reducing wind erosion in the wheat-Fallow region of the Pacific Northwest.
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wind erosion and pm10 emission affected by tillage systems in the world s driest rainfed wheat region
Soil & Tillage Research, 2012Co-Authors: Prabhakar Singh, Brenton Sharratt, William F SchillingerAbstract:Abstract The Horse Heaven Hills of south-central Washington is the driest rainfed wheat growing region in the world. Low precipitation, high winds, poorly aggregated soils, sparse residue cover, and a tillage-based winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) – Summer Fallow (WW-SF) cropping system often combine to create soil surfaces which are susceptible to wind erosion. No-tillage Summer Fallow (NTF) and conservation tillage Fallow (CTF) with an undercutter sweep implement were examined as alternative practices to traditional tillage Fallow (TTF) with a tandem disk implement for reducing wind erosion and PM10 (particulate matter ≤10 μm in aerodynamic diameter) emissions during the Fallow phase of the WW-SF rotation. Wind erosion and PM10 emissions were assessed with a wind tunnel after primary spring tillage in mid-to-late April and after sowing winter wheat in August. Sediment loss and PM10 vertical flux and loss were generally less for NTF than with TTF, likely due to retention of surface residue and maintaining a soil crust in NTF. Sediment and PM10 loss increased after sowing wheat in both the TTF and CTF treatments. Although NTF abated the loss of sediment and PM0 compared with TTF, NTF is not yet an economical option for most growers in the region. Conservation tillage Fallow using the undercutter sweep is an economically viable alternative to TTF for reducing windblown sediment and PM10 loss from agricultural soils in the Horse Heaven Hills.
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windblown dust affected by tillage intensity during Summer Fallow
Aeolian Research, 2010Co-Authors: Brenton Sharratt, Laura Wendling, Guanglong FengAbstract:Abstract Winter wheat–Summer Fallow is the conventional crop rotation used on more than 1.5 million ha of agricultural land in the low precipitation zone of the Columbia Plateau in the Pacific Northwest United States. This land is very susceptible to wind erosion during Summer Fallow because multiple tillage operations during Fallow degrade and expose the soil to high winds. We examined possible alternatives to conventional tillage for reducing the emission of windblown PM10 (particulate matter ⩽10 μm in aerodynamic diameter) during Summer Fallow. Soil was subject to seven (conventional), five (reduced), three (delayed-minimum), and zero (no) tillage operations between harvest in July 2004 and sowing in August 2005. Sediment catch and PM10 concentration and wind speed profiles were measured after each tillage operation and sowing under simulated high winds (using a portable wind tunnel) to estimate horizontal sediment and PM10 flux. Horizontal sediment and PM10 flux generally decreased with a decrease in number or intensity of tillage operations. No tillage resulted in the lowest sediment and PM10 flux after most tillage operations; no tillage, however, is not yet an economically viable management option for the region. Sediment and PM10 flux were typically lower for reduced and delayed-minimum tillage than for conventional tillage. Our study suggests that PM10 flux can be reduced from agricultural soils during the Summer Fallow phase of a wheat–Fallow rotation by using reduced or delayed-minimum tillage practices. The reduction in PM10 flux from soils will improve air quality during high winds in the region.
Zhiqiang Gao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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subsoiling during Summer Fallow in rainfed winter wheat fields enhances soil organic carbon sequestration on the loess plateau in china
PLOS ONE, 2021Co-Authors: Huiyu Zhang, Jianfu Xue, Wen Lin, Zhiqiang Gao, Min SunAbstract:Scientific management of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool, e.g., through a reasonable tillage system, is a potential way to mitigate global climate change. There is scarce information about the effect of tillage during the Summer Fallow period on the SOC pool in rainfed winter-wheat fields. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of tillage practices, i.e., plow tillage (PTF), subsoiling (STF) and no tillage (NTF), during the Summer Fallow period on SOC sequestration in winter-wheat fields in the rainfed area of the eastern Loess Plateau of China. The SOC, mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), permanganate-oxidizable organic carbon (POxC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations were determined after four years of tillage implementation during the Summer Fallow period. Our results showed that in comparison to the adoption of NTF, the adoption of STF significantly increased POxC, POC and MOC concentrations by 56.6-111.2%, 45.7-118.7% and 26.2-29.4%, respectively, at the 10-20 and 30-40 cm soil depths before sowing (P < 0.05). The POxC and MOC concentrations under STF at depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 cm were significantly greater than those under PTF and NTF after harvesting (P < 0.05). In addition, the SOC concentration and SOC stock under STF were significantly greater than those under NTF at the 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm soil depths before sowing and after harvesting (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in comparison to PTF and NTF, STF resulted in significantly higher SOC stocks by 12.0-25.3% and 7.1-19.2% than PTF and NTF, respectively, in the 0-10, 0-20, 0-30, 0-40 and 0-50 cm soil profiles at harvesting (P < 0.05). In summary, the adoption of STF could be beneficial to the management of the SOC pool in the 0-50 cm soil profile in the rainfed area of winter-wheat on the Loess Plateau of China.
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carbon footprint of dryland winter wheat under film mulching during Summer Fallow season and sowing method on the loess plateau
Ecological Indicators, 2018Co-Authors: Jianfu Xue, Yaqi Yuan, Hailin Zhang, Aixia Ren, Wen Lin, Min Sun, Zhiqiang Gao, Dasheng SunAbstract:Abstract To identify more carbon (C)-friendly agricultural technology, we studied the coupling impact of film mulching during Summer Fallow and sowing method on carbon footprint (CF) of dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the Loess Plateau. From 2011 to 2014, a two-factor split block design was conducted with the following treatments: water-permeable film mulching in the Summer Fallow season (FM) or no mulching in the Summer Fallow season (FM0) with either conventional drill sowing (DS) or drill sowing beside a common film (DSF). The greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions associated with agricultural inputs were 7013.3, 5908.3, 5298.5, and 4193.5 kg CO2-eq·ha−1·yr−1 for FM × DSF, FM0 × DSF, FM × DS, and FM0 × DS treatments, respectively, which contributed >80% of total GHG emissions during the winter wheat production. Fertilizer, especially P2O5 fertilizer, was the largest contributor to GHG emissions from agricultural inputs. The CF of dryland winter wheat was 1.14 to 3.60 kg CO2-eq kg−1, which was the lowest under the FM × DS treatment while the largest under the FM × DSF treatment. Film mulching during Summer Fallow with drill sowing (FM × DS) could be a C-friendly technology for winter wheat production on the Loess Plateau.
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response of yield increase for dryland winter wheat to tillage practice during Summer Fallow and sowing method in the loess plateau of china
Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2018Co-Authors: L I Hui, Jianfu Xue, Zhiqiang Gao, Naiwen Xue, Zhenping YangAbstract:Abstract Soil moisture is the most critical limiting factor impacting yields of dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and it is strongly affected by tillage practice and sowing methods. This study was to assess the link between sowing method and tillage practice during Summer Fallow and their subsequent effect on soil moisture and grain yield. Furthermore, we sought to identify a more appropriate farming management practice for winter wheat production in Loess Plateau region of China. The experiment was conducted from 2011 to 2013, using a two-factor split plot design, including subsoiling (SS) or no tillage (NT) during Summer Fallow for main plots, and conventional drill sowing (DS) or plastic film drill sowing (FM) for subplots. Results showed that the maximum soil water storage (SWS) was under SS×FM treatment with values of 649.1 mm (2011–2012) and 499.4 mm (2012–2013). The SWS during the 2011–2012 growing season were 149.7 mm higher than that in the 2012–2013 growing season. And adoption of SS×FM significantly increased precipitation use efficiency (PUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) compared to other treatments for both seasons. Moreover, adoption of SS×FM significantly increased yield by 13.1, 14.4, 47.3% and 25.9, 39.1, 35.7% than other three treatments during the two growing seasons, respectively. In summary, combining subsoiling during Summer Fallow with plastic film drill sowing (SS×FM) increased SWS at sowing and effectively improved WUE, thus representing a feasible technology to improve grain yield of dryland winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of China.
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soil physical properties response to tillage practices during Summer Fallow of dryland winter wheat field on the loess plateau
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018Co-Authors: Jianfu Xue, Aixia Ren, Zhiqiang GaoAbstract:Soil physical properties are a greatly important part of the soil and indicator of soil quality, which can directly affect soil nutrient turnover and crop yields in dryland. This study was carried out with three tillage practices during the Summer Fallow season since 2011, including no tillage (NT), plow tillage (PT), and subsoiling (ST) in dryland winter wheat fields of the Loess Plateau. Results showed that soil tillage during the Summer Fallow had a small effect on soil bulk density (ρ b) in the 0–50-cm soil profile before sowing and after harvesting of winter wheat. Soil ρ b under NT at a depth of 20–30 cm was significantly greater than those under PT in both seasons. Both soil gravimetric water content (θ g) and volumetric moisture content (θ v) after harvesting increased by 28.8–78.6% and 37.5–87.3%, respectively, compared with those before sowing. Adoption of PT significantly increased soil θ g and θ v in the entire 0–50-cm profile before sowing compared with NT and ST (P < 0.05). In addition, there was a small effect on soil porosity (e.g., total porosity, air-filled porosity, and capillary porosity) in the profile of 0–50 cm both before sowing and after harvesting. Overall, short-term tillage during Summer Fallow mainly affected soil water content in the 0–50-cm soil profile, and it had a slight effect on other physical soil properties.
Jianfu Xue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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subsoiling during Summer Fallow in rainfed winter wheat fields enhances soil organic carbon sequestration on the loess plateau in china
PLOS ONE, 2021Co-Authors: Huiyu Zhang, Jianfu Xue, Wen Lin, Zhiqiang Gao, Min SunAbstract:Scientific management of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool, e.g., through a reasonable tillage system, is a potential way to mitigate global climate change. There is scarce information about the effect of tillage during the Summer Fallow period on the SOC pool in rainfed winter-wheat fields. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of tillage practices, i.e., plow tillage (PTF), subsoiling (STF) and no tillage (NTF), during the Summer Fallow period on SOC sequestration in winter-wheat fields in the rainfed area of the eastern Loess Plateau of China. The SOC, mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), permanganate-oxidizable organic carbon (POxC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations were determined after four years of tillage implementation during the Summer Fallow period. Our results showed that in comparison to the adoption of NTF, the adoption of STF significantly increased POxC, POC and MOC concentrations by 56.6-111.2%, 45.7-118.7% and 26.2-29.4%, respectively, at the 10-20 and 30-40 cm soil depths before sowing (P < 0.05). The POxC and MOC concentrations under STF at depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 cm were significantly greater than those under PTF and NTF after harvesting (P < 0.05). In addition, the SOC concentration and SOC stock under STF were significantly greater than those under NTF at the 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm soil depths before sowing and after harvesting (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in comparison to PTF and NTF, STF resulted in significantly higher SOC stocks by 12.0-25.3% and 7.1-19.2% than PTF and NTF, respectively, in the 0-10, 0-20, 0-30, 0-40 and 0-50 cm soil profiles at harvesting (P < 0.05). In summary, the adoption of STF could be beneficial to the management of the SOC pool in the 0-50 cm soil profile in the rainfed area of winter-wheat on the Loess Plateau of China.
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carbon footprint of dryland winter wheat under film mulching during Summer Fallow season and sowing method on the loess plateau
Ecological Indicators, 2018Co-Authors: Jianfu Xue, Yaqi Yuan, Hailin Zhang, Aixia Ren, Wen Lin, Min Sun, Zhiqiang Gao, Dasheng SunAbstract:Abstract To identify more carbon (C)-friendly agricultural technology, we studied the coupling impact of film mulching during Summer Fallow and sowing method on carbon footprint (CF) of dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the Loess Plateau. From 2011 to 2014, a two-factor split block design was conducted with the following treatments: water-permeable film mulching in the Summer Fallow season (FM) or no mulching in the Summer Fallow season (FM0) with either conventional drill sowing (DS) or drill sowing beside a common film (DSF). The greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions associated with agricultural inputs were 7013.3, 5908.3, 5298.5, and 4193.5 kg CO2-eq·ha−1·yr−1 for FM × DSF, FM0 × DSF, FM × DS, and FM0 × DS treatments, respectively, which contributed >80% of total GHG emissions during the winter wheat production. Fertilizer, especially P2O5 fertilizer, was the largest contributor to GHG emissions from agricultural inputs. The CF of dryland winter wheat was 1.14 to 3.60 kg CO2-eq kg−1, which was the lowest under the FM × DS treatment while the largest under the FM × DSF treatment. Film mulching during Summer Fallow with drill sowing (FM × DS) could be a C-friendly technology for winter wheat production on the Loess Plateau.
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response of yield increase for dryland winter wheat to tillage practice during Summer Fallow and sowing method in the loess plateau of china
Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2018Co-Authors: L I Hui, Jianfu Xue, Zhiqiang Gao, Naiwen Xue, Zhenping YangAbstract:Abstract Soil moisture is the most critical limiting factor impacting yields of dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and it is strongly affected by tillage practice and sowing methods. This study was to assess the link between sowing method and tillage practice during Summer Fallow and their subsequent effect on soil moisture and grain yield. Furthermore, we sought to identify a more appropriate farming management practice for winter wheat production in Loess Plateau region of China. The experiment was conducted from 2011 to 2013, using a two-factor split plot design, including subsoiling (SS) or no tillage (NT) during Summer Fallow for main plots, and conventional drill sowing (DS) or plastic film drill sowing (FM) for subplots. Results showed that the maximum soil water storage (SWS) was under SS×FM treatment with values of 649.1 mm (2011–2012) and 499.4 mm (2012–2013). The SWS during the 2011–2012 growing season were 149.7 mm higher than that in the 2012–2013 growing season. And adoption of SS×FM significantly increased precipitation use efficiency (PUE) and water use efficiency (WUE) compared to other treatments for both seasons. Moreover, adoption of SS×FM significantly increased yield by 13.1, 14.4, 47.3% and 25.9, 39.1, 35.7% than other three treatments during the two growing seasons, respectively. In summary, combining subsoiling during Summer Fallow with plastic film drill sowing (SS×FM) increased SWS at sowing and effectively improved WUE, thus representing a feasible technology to improve grain yield of dryland winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of China.
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soil physical properties response to tillage practices during Summer Fallow of dryland winter wheat field on the loess plateau
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018Co-Authors: Jianfu Xue, Aixia Ren, Zhiqiang GaoAbstract:Soil physical properties are a greatly important part of the soil and indicator of soil quality, which can directly affect soil nutrient turnover and crop yields in dryland. This study was carried out with three tillage practices during the Summer Fallow season since 2011, including no tillage (NT), plow tillage (PT), and subsoiling (ST) in dryland winter wheat fields of the Loess Plateau. Results showed that soil tillage during the Summer Fallow had a small effect on soil bulk density (ρ b) in the 0–50-cm soil profile before sowing and after harvesting of winter wheat. Soil ρ b under NT at a depth of 20–30 cm was significantly greater than those under PT in both seasons. Both soil gravimetric water content (θ g) and volumetric moisture content (θ v) after harvesting increased by 28.8–78.6% and 37.5–87.3%, respectively, compared with those before sowing. Adoption of PT significantly increased soil θ g and θ v in the entire 0–50-cm profile before sowing compared with NT and ST (P < 0.05). In addition, there was a small effect on soil porosity (e.g., total porosity, air-filled porosity, and capillary porosity) in the profile of 0–50 cm both before sowing and after harvesting. Overall, short-term tillage during Summer Fallow mainly affected soil water content in the 0–50-cm soil profile, and it had a slight effect on other physical soil properties.
Min Sun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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subsoiling during Summer Fallow in rainfed winter wheat fields enhances soil organic carbon sequestration on the loess plateau in china
PLOS ONE, 2021Co-Authors: Huiyu Zhang, Jianfu Xue, Wen Lin, Zhiqiang Gao, Min SunAbstract:Scientific management of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool, e.g., through a reasonable tillage system, is a potential way to mitigate global climate change. There is scarce information about the effect of tillage during the Summer Fallow period on the SOC pool in rainfed winter-wheat fields. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of tillage practices, i.e., plow tillage (PTF), subsoiling (STF) and no tillage (NTF), during the Summer Fallow period on SOC sequestration in winter-wheat fields in the rainfed area of the eastern Loess Plateau of China. The SOC, mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), permanganate-oxidizable organic carbon (POxC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations were determined after four years of tillage implementation during the Summer Fallow period. Our results showed that in comparison to the adoption of NTF, the adoption of STF significantly increased POxC, POC and MOC concentrations by 56.6-111.2%, 45.7-118.7% and 26.2-29.4%, respectively, at the 10-20 and 30-40 cm soil depths before sowing (P < 0.05). The POxC and MOC concentrations under STF at depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 cm were significantly greater than those under PTF and NTF after harvesting (P < 0.05). In addition, the SOC concentration and SOC stock under STF were significantly greater than those under NTF at the 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm soil depths before sowing and after harvesting (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in comparison to PTF and NTF, STF resulted in significantly higher SOC stocks by 12.0-25.3% and 7.1-19.2% than PTF and NTF, respectively, in the 0-10, 0-20, 0-30, 0-40 and 0-50 cm soil profiles at harvesting (P < 0.05). In summary, the adoption of STF could be beneficial to the management of the SOC pool in the 0-50 cm soil profile in the rainfed area of winter-wheat on the Loess Plateau of China.
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carbon footprint of dryland winter wheat under film mulching during Summer Fallow season and sowing method on the loess plateau
Ecological Indicators, 2018Co-Authors: Jianfu Xue, Yaqi Yuan, Hailin Zhang, Aixia Ren, Wen Lin, Min Sun, Zhiqiang Gao, Dasheng SunAbstract:Abstract To identify more carbon (C)-friendly agricultural technology, we studied the coupling impact of film mulching during Summer Fallow and sowing method on carbon footprint (CF) of dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the Loess Plateau. From 2011 to 2014, a two-factor split block design was conducted with the following treatments: water-permeable film mulching in the Summer Fallow season (FM) or no mulching in the Summer Fallow season (FM0) with either conventional drill sowing (DS) or drill sowing beside a common film (DSF). The greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions associated with agricultural inputs were 7013.3, 5908.3, 5298.5, and 4193.5 kg CO2-eq·ha−1·yr−1 for FM × DSF, FM0 × DSF, FM × DS, and FM0 × DS treatments, respectively, which contributed >80% of total GHG emissions during the winter wheat production. Fertilizer, especially P2O5 fertilizer, was the largest contributor to GHG emissions from agricultural inputs. The CF of dryland winter wheat was 1.14 to 3.60 kg CO2-eq kg−1, which was the lowest under the FM × DS treatment while the largest under the FM × DSF treatment. Film mulching during Summer Fallow with drill sowing (FM × DS) could be a C-friendly technology for winter wheat production on the Loess Plateau.
