The Experts below are selected from a list of 153138 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jianping Yin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Controllable electrostatic Surface Storage ring with opened optical access for cold polar molecules on a chip
Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 2013Co-Authors: Lianzhong Deng, Jianping YinAbstract:In order to meet the demands for laser manipulations and detection of cold molecules, we propose an optically accessible and controllable electrostatic Surface Storage ring for cold polar molecules on a chip, which is one based on extension and application of the three-wire Surface guiding scheme [J. Opt. Soc. Am. B25, 1214 (2008)]. To our knowledge, this is the first real Surface Storage ring scheme. The spatial distribution of the electrostatic fields generated by two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate is numerically calculated. Relationships between the height of the trap center above the Surface and the setup parameters are analyzed in detail. Using OH radical molecules as a tester, the range of molecular velocities that the Storage ring can confine is investigated. The dynamical process of weak-field-seeking OH molecules of state |J,KM〉=|3/2,−9/4〉 being loaded into and confined in the Storage ring is studied using Monte Carlo simulations. Dependencies of translational temperature of molecules and their trapping efficiency in the Storage ring on parameters of the setup and the initial molecular beam are examined. By incorporating a bunching function into our scheme, the number of round trips a trapped molecular packet makes can be improved by almost three times before getting spread out to fill the whole Storage ring, as confirmed by numerical simulations.
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Electrostatic Surface Storage ring for cold polar molecules
Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 2010Co-Authors: Lianzhong Deng, Yong Xia, Jianping YinAbstract:An electrostatic Storage ring for cold polar molecules formed on the Surface of a dielectric substrate is proposed. We study the electric field distribution in free space generated by an insulator-embedded charged conductor ring and a bias field and analyze the behavior of weak-field-seeking CH3F molecules of state |J, K M|=|1,−1⟩ in the electrostatic Storage ring. Results from Monte Carlo simulations of CH3F molecules being loaded into and confined in the Storage ring are presented along with potential applications of the scheme in a variety of research areas using cold molecules.
Stuart G. Walesh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Micromanagement of Stormwater in a Combined Sewer Community for Wet Weather Control - The Skokie Experience
2008Co-Authors: Robert W. Carr, Stuart G. WaleshAbstract:Persistent basement flooding caused by excess stormwater runoff often forces community officials to evaluate complicated solutions that would eliminate the flooding but could cause financial difficulties for the community. Wet weather problems such as basement flooding often are caused by peak rates of stormwater runoff, not necessarily by the runoff volume. Stormwater micromanagement works by temporarily storing stormwater in many varied locations on the Surface (off-street and on-street) and, as needed, below the land Surface, near to where it falls as precipitation. The idea is to accept the volume of stormwater runoff into the sewer system but greatly reduce the peak rate of stormwater entry. Components of a micromanagement system includes: downspout disconnection to slow down, more widely distribute, and temporarily intercept stormwater; off-street Surface Storage of stormwater (conventional detention/retention) with regulated outflow; on-street Surface Storage with regulated outflow achieved by a combination of on-street berms and catchbasin flow restrictors; and subSurface Storage of stormwater with regulated outlets control using restrictors. Skokie’s system is an optimum combination of on-street Storage, detention facility Storage, and relief sewers. Nearly half of the required detention Storage volume was accomplished by on-street ponding. Skokie’s stormwater micromanagement project has solved community-wide basement flooding problems at great cost savings.
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Street-Surface Storage for Control of Combined Sewer Surcharge
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2001Co-Authors: Robert W. Carr, Carolyn Esposito, Stuart G. WaleshAbstract:This paper describes the use of street Storage systems to prevent combined sewer surcharging and mitigate basement flooding. A case study approach, based primarily on two largely implemented street Storage systems, is used to explain the concept through construction and operation aspects of street Storage systems. Street Storage refers to the technology of temporarily storing storm water (in densely urban areas) on the Surface—off-street and on-street—and, as needed, below the Surface close to the source. Close to the source means where the water falls as precipitation and prior to its entry into the combined, sanitary, or storm sewer system. The idea is to accept the full volume of storm-water runoff into the sewer system but greatly reduce the peak rate of entry of storm water into the system. System components include street berms, flow regulators, and Surface and subSurface storm-water Storage facilities. By eliminating surcharging in combined sewer systems, street Storage has the potential to cost-ef...
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Street Surface Storage for CSO Control
WRPMD'99, 1999Co-Authors: Stuart G. Walesh, Carolyn Esposito, Robert W. CarrAbstract:This paper presents a discussion of the use of on-street Storage as an effective means to control stormwater runoff. It focuses on the success achieved by using street Storage in two communities in Illinois and includes a description and evaluation of how this technology eliminated surcharging and basement flooding, complied with regulations and proved to be a cost-effective solution which earned public support. Wet weather flow (WWF), including combined sewer overflow (CSO) and stormwater discharges, is one of the leading causes of water-quality impairment in the United States today. Improvement of controls is one of two priority water focus areas cited by the EPA’s Office of Water in its National Agenda for the Future. Pollution problems stemming from WWF are extensive throughout the country. Many CSO occurrences can be eliminated, or their impacts attenuated by flow retardation techniques. However, even as these retardation techniques may attenuate the CSO, they usually exacerbate other problems. e.g., basement flooding. In addition, CSOs provide relief only for sewer systems; upstream areas may not have overflow routing and thus, the system is relieved by surcharging into basements, or to the ground Surfaces. Surcharging and flooding cause health hazards, structural damage (due to hydrostatic pressures and/or washouts) and damage to personal property. Over the past several years, numerous investigations have been undertaken to determine cost-effective methods of abating CSO. Much of this effort has concentrated on methods of controlling and retaining upstream stormwater. One such cost-effective method is source control. This approach avoids upstream flooding by not allowing stormwater into sewers until capacity is available, and avoids downstream surcharging and CSO by permitting downstream flow to be conveyed away before upstream flows can arrive. Source control temporarily stores stormwater in urban areas on the Surface (on-street and off-street) and, as needed, below the Surface, close to the source. “Close to the source” refers to the stormwater prior to its entry to a combined sewer or storm sewer. This on- and off-street Storage may be an effective means to control stormwater runoff, protecting intercepting sewers from surcharging and/or creating CSO conditions.
E. Gregory Mcpherson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Surface Storage of rainfall in tree crowns: not all trees are equal
2017Co-Authors: E. Gregory Mcpherson, Qingfu Xiao, Natalie S. Van Doorn, Paula J. Peper, E. TeachAbstract:Urban forests can be an effective strategy for managing stormwater. The soil that supports tree growth acts like a reservoir that reduces runoff. The tree crown intercepts rainfall on leaves and stems and its evaporation reduces water reaching the ground below. Until now Surface Storage capacities have been studied only for forest trees. Based on forest research, green infrastructure accounting tools have assumed a Storage depth of one millimeter, regardless of species. We used a rainfall simulator and branch cuttings of 20 tree species in Davis, CA to measure the depth of Surface Storage under a variety of rainfall conditions. Potential Storage capacity is modeled for 40 years using tree growth equations and Storage depth values.
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Surface Water Storage Capacity of Twenty Tree Species in Davis, California
Journal of environmental quality, 2016Co-Authors: Qingfu Xiao, E. Gregory McphersonAbstract:Urban forestry is an important green infrastructure strategy because healthy trees can intercept rainfall, reducing stormwater runoff and pollutant loading. Surface saturation Storage capacity, defined as the thin film of water that must wet tree Surfaces before flow begins, is the most important variable influencing rainfall interception processes. Surface Storage capacity is known to vary widely among tree species, but it is little studied. This research measured Surface Storage capacities of 20 urban tree species in a rainfall simulator. The measurement system included a rainfall simulator, digital balance, digital camera, and computer. Eight samples were randomly collected from each tree species. Twelve rainfall intensities (3.5-139.5 mm h) were simulated. Leaf-on and leaf-off simulations were conducted for deciduous species. Stem and foliar Surface areas were estimated using an image analysis method. Results indicated that Surface Storage capacities varied threefold among tree species, 0.59 mm for crape myrtle ( L.) and 1.81 mm for blue spruce ( Engelm.). The mean value across all species was 0.86 mm (0.11 mm SD). To illustrate application of the Storage values, interception was simulated and compared across species for a 40-yr period with different rainfall intensities and durations. By quantifying the potential for different tree species to intercept rainfall under a variety of meteorological conditions, this study provides new knowledge that is fundamental to validating the cost-effectiveness of urban forestry as a green infrastructure strategy and designing functional plantings.
Robert W. Carr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Micromanagement of Stormwater in a Combined Sewer Community for Wet Weather Control - The Skokie Experience
2008Co-Authors: Robert W. Carr, Stuart G. WaleshAbstract:Persistent basement flooding caused by excess stormwater runoff often forces community officials to evaluate complicated solutions that would eliminate the flooding but could cause financial difficulties for the community. Wet weather problems such as basement flooding often are caused by peak rates of stormwater runoff, not necessarily by the runoff volume. Stormwater micromanagement works by temporarily storing stormwater in many varied locations on the Surface (off-street and on-street) and, as needed, below the land Surface, near to where it falls as precipitation. The idea is to accept the volume of stormwater runoff into the sewer system but greatly reduce the peak rate of stormwater entry. Components of a micromanagement system includes: downspout disconnection to slow down, more widely distribute, and temporarily intercept stormwater; off-street Surface Storage of stormwater (conventional detention/retention) with regulated outflow; on-street Surface Storage with regulated outflow achieved by a combination of on-street berms and catchbasin flow restrictors; and subSurface Storage of stormwater with regulated outlets control using restrictors. Skokie’s system is an optimum combination of on-street Storage, detention facility Storage, and relief sewers. Nearly half of the required detention Storage volume was accomplished by on-street ponding. Skokie’s stormwater micromanagement project has solved community-wide basement flooding problems at great cost savings.
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Street-Surface Storage for Control of Combined Sewer Surcharge
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2001Co-Authors: Robert W. Carr, Carolyn Esposito, Stuart G. WaleshAbstract:This paper describes the use of street Storage systems to prevent combined sewer surcharging and mitigate basement flooding. A case study approach, based primarily on two largely implemented street Storage systems, is used to explain the concept through construction and operation aspects of street Storage systems. Street Storage refers to the technology of temporarily storing storm water (in densely urban areas) on the Surface—off-street and on-street—and, as needed, below the Surface close to the source. Close to the source means where the water falls as precipitation and prior to its entry into the combined, sanitary, or storm sewer system. The idea is to accept the full volume of storm-water runoff into the sewer system but greatly reduce the peak rate of entry of storm water into the system. System components include street berms, flow regulators, and Surface and subSurface storm-water Storage facilities. By eliminating surcharging in combined sewer systems, street Storage has the potential to cost-ef...
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Street Surface Storage for CSO Control
WRPMD'99, 1999Co-Authors: Stuart G. Walesh, Carolyn Esposito, Robert W. CarrAbstract:This paper presents a discussion of the use of on-street Storage as an effective means to control stormwater runoff. It focuses on the success achieved by using street Storage in two communities in Illinois and includes a description and evaluation of how this technology eliminated surcharging and basement flooding, complied with regulations and proved to be a cost-effective solution which earned public support. Wet weather flow (WWF), including combined sewer overflow (CSO) and stormwater discharges, is one of the leading causes of water-quality impairment in the United States today. Improvement of controls is one of two priority water focus areas cited by the EPA’s Office of Water in its National Agenda for the Future. Pollution problems stemming from WWF are extensive throughout the country. Many CSO occurrences can be eliminated, or their impacts attenuated by flow retardation techniques. However, even as these retardation techniques may attenuate the CSO, they usually exacerbate other problems. e.g., basement flooding. In addition, CSOs provide relief only for sewer systems; upstream areas may not have overflow routing and thus, the system is relieved by surcharging into basements, or to the ground Surfaces. Surcharging and flooding cause health hazards, structural damage (due to hydrostatic pressures and/or washouts) and damage to personal property. Over the past several years, numerous investigations have been undertaken to determine cost-effective methods of abating CSO. Much of this effort has concentrated on methods of controlling and retaining upstream stormwater. One such cost-effective method is source control. This approach avoids upstream flooding by not allowing stormwater into sewers until capacity is available, and avoids downstream surcharging and CSO by permitting downstream flow to be conveyed away before upstream flows can arrive. Source control temporarily stores stormwater in urban areas on the Surface (on-street and off-street) and, as needed, below the Surface, close to the source. “Close to the source” refers to the stormwater prior to its entry to a combined sewer or storm sewer. This on- and off-street Storage may be an effective means to control stormwater runoff, protecting intercepting sewers from surcharging and/or creating CSO conditions.
Lianzhong Deng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Controllable electrostatic Surface Storage ring with opened optical access for cold polar molecules on a chip
Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 2013Co-Authors: Lianzhong Deng, Jianping YinAbstract:In order to meet the demands for laser manipulations and detection of cold molecules, we propose an optically accessible and controllable electrostatic Surface Storage ring for cold polar molecules on a chip, which is one based on extension and application of the three-wire Surface guiding scheme [J. Opt. Soc. Am. B25, 1214 (2008)]. To our knowledge, this is the first real Surface Storage ring scheme. The spatial distribution of the electrostatic fields generated by two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate is numerically calculated. Relationships between the height of the trap center above the Surface and the setup parameters are analyzed in detail. Using OH radical molecules as a tester, the range of molecular velocities that the Storage ring can confine is investigated. The dynamical process of weak-field-seeking OH molecules of state |J,KM〉=|3/2,−9/4〉 being loaded into and confined in the Storage ring is studied using Monte Carlo simulations. Dependencies of translational temperature of molecules and their trapping efficiency in the Storage ring on parameters of the setup and the initial molecular beam are examined. By incorporating a bunching function into our scheme, the number of round trips a trapped molecular packet makes can be improved by almost three times before getting spread out to fill the whole Storage ring, as confirmed by numerical simulations.
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Electrostatic Surface Storage ring for cold polar molecules
Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 2010Co-Authors: Lianzhong Deng, Yong Xia, Jianping YinAbstract:An electrostatic Storage ring for cold polar molecules formed on the Surface of a dielectric substrate is proposed. We study the electric field distribution in free space generated by an insulator-embedded charged conductor ring and a bias field and analyze the behavior of weak-field-seeking CH3F molecules of state |J, K M|=|1,−1⟩ in the electrostatic Storage ring. Results from Monte Carlo simulations of CH3F molecules being loaded into and confined in the Storage ring are presented along with potential applications of the scheme in a variety of research areas using cold molecules.
