The Experts below are selected from a list of 162 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Daniel I. Sessler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cutaneous heat loss with three Surgical Drapes, one impervious to moisture.
Anesthesia and analgesia, 2005Co-Authors: Paul E. Maglinger, Daniel I. Sessler, Rainer LenhardtAbstract:A new Surgical Drape that is impervious to moisture presumably reduces evaporative heat loss. We compared cutaneous heat loss and skin temperature in volunteers covered with this Drape to two conventional Surgical Drapes (Large Surgical Drape and Medline Proxima). We calculated cutaneous heat loss and skin-surface temperatures from 15 area-weighted thermal flux transducers in eight volunteers. In random order, each of the Drapes was evaluated with dry transducers and moistened transducers (simulating wet skin). After a 20-min uncovered control period, volunteers were covered from the neck down for 40 min. Data were recorded continuously and averaged over 10 min. Results were similar for all three Drapes for dry or moist conditions. Under dry conditions, baseline heat loss was 82 +/- 14 W and decreased 30% with a Surgical Drape (P < 0.001). Under moist conditions, baseline heat loss was 231 +/- 45 W and decreased 29% with a Drape covering (P < 0.001). Moist skin increased heat loss 282% (P < 0.001). There were no clinically important differences in skin temperature among the covers with dry or moist skin. Moist skin increased heat loss nearly three-fold, but there were no differences among the Drapes. We conclude that loss is comparable with impervious and conventional Drapes with either moist or dry skin.
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Perioperative thermal insulation.
Anesthesiology, 1991Co-Authors: Daniel I. Sessler, Joseph Mcguire, Andrew M. SesslerAbstract:To determine the efficacy of passive insulators advocated for prevention of cutaneous heat loss, we determined heat loss in unanesthetized volunteers covered by one of the following: a cloth “split sheet” Surgical Drape; a Convertors™ disposable-paper split sheet; a ThermaDrape® disposable laparotom
Andrew M. Sessler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Perioperative thermal insulation.
Anesthesiology, 1991Co-Authors: Daniel I. Sessler, Joseph Mcguire, Andrew M. SesslerAbstract:To determine the efficacy of passive insulators advocated for prevention of cutaneous heat loss, we determined heat loss in unanesthetized volunteers covered by one of the following: a cloth “split sheet” Surgical Drape; a Convertors™ disposable-paper split sheet; a ThermaDrape® disposable laparotom
Gerald L. Wolf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Oxygen Index of Surgical Drape Materials
Journal of Astm International, 2006Co-Authors: Gw Serrao, Mk Micou, George Sidebotham, Gerald L. WolfAbstract:An effective method for minimizing operating room fires is to use materials that are least flammable in air and in oxygen-enriched atmospheres (OEA). The objective of this study was to characterize the flammability of commonly used Surgical Drapes by measuring the minimum concentration of oxygen [O2] required to support a candle-like flame on the test specimen, the oxygen index (OI) [1]. Under the conditions studied, the OI was 17.8 for woven cotton towels (Huck), 18.5 for nonwoven cellulose draping, and 22.8 for polypropylene draping. These data demonstrate that materials commonly used for Surgical draping have an OI less than or near the O2 content of ambient air (21 %), making them particularly susceptible to fire in the localized OEA of the operating room. Quantitative measures, such as the OI, are useful for determining the relative flammability of materials and their consideration should play an important role in optimizing operating room safety.
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Laser ignition of Surgical Drape materials in air, 50% oxygen, and 95% oxygen.
Anesthesiology, 2004Co-Authors: Gerald L. Wolf, George Sidebotham, Jackson L. P. Lazard, Jean CharchafliehAbstract:Background: Operating room fires fueled by Surgical Drapes and ignited by high-energy Surgical tools in air and oxygenenriched atmospheres continue to occur. Methods: The authors examined the time to ignition of huck towels and three commonly used Surgical Drape materials in air, 50% oxygen, and 95% oxygen using a carbon dioxide Surgical laser as an ignition source. In addition, a phenol-polymer fabric was tested. Results: In air, polypropylene and phenol polymer do not ignite. For polypropylene, the laser instantly vaporized a hole, and therefore, interaction between the laser and material ceased. When tested in combination with another material, the polypropylene time to ignition assumed the behavior of the material with which it was combined. For phenol polymer, the laser did not penetrate the material. Huck towels, cotton-polyester, and nonwoven cellulose-polyester ignited in air with decreasing times to ignition. All tested materials ignited in 50% and 95% oxygen. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that with increasing oxygen concentration, the time to ignition becomes shorter, and the consequences become more severe. The possibility exists for manufacturers to develop Drape materials that are safer than existing materials.
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laser ignition of Surgical Drape materials in air 50 oxygen and 95 oxygen
Anesthesiology, 2004Co-Authors: Gerald L. Wolf, George Sidebotham, Jackson L. P. Lazard, Jean CharchafliehAbstract:Background: Operating room fires fueled by Surgical Drapes and ignited by high-energy Surgical tools in air and oxygenenriched atmospheres continue to occur. Methods: The authors examined the time to ignition of huck towels and three commonly used Surgical Drape materials in air, 50% oxygen, and 95% oxygen using a carbon dioxide Surgical laser as an ignition source. In addition, a phenol-polymer fabric was tested. Results: In air, polypropylene and phenol polymer do not ignite. For polypropylene, the laser instantly vaporized a hole, and therefore, interaction between the laser and material ceased. When tested in combination with another material, the polypropylene time to ignition assumed the behavior of the material with which it was combined. For phenol polymer, the laser did not penetrate the material. Huck towels, cotton-polyester, and nonwoven cellulose-polyester ignited in air with decreasing times to ignition. All tested materials ignited in 50% and 95% oxygen. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that with increasing oxygen concentration, the time to ignition becomes shorter, and the consequences become more severe. The possibility exists for manufacturers to develop Drape materials that are safer than existing materials.
U. Braun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Perioperative thermal insulation: minimal clinically important differences?
2015Co-Authors: A. Braèuer, T. Perl, Z. Uyanik, M. J. M. English, W. Weyl, U. BraunAbstract:Background. Reduction of heat losses from the skin by thermal insulation is used to avoid perioperative hypothermia. However, there is little information about the physical properties of various insulating materials used in the operating room. Methods. The following insulation materials were tested using a validated manikin: cotton Surgical Drape tested in two and four layers; Allegiance Drape; 3M Steri-Drape; metallized plastic sheet; ThermaDrapeÔ; Barkey thermcare 1 tested in one and two layers; hospital duvet tested in one and two layers. Heat loss from the surface of the manikin can be described as: QÇ=h´DT´A where QÇ is heat ¯ux, h is the heat exchange coef®cient, DT is the temperature gradi-ent between the environment and surface and A is the area covered. The heat ¯ux per unit area (QÇA±1) and surface temperature were measured with nine calibrated heat-¯ux transducers. The environmental temperature was measured using a thermoanemometer. DT was varied and h was determined by linear regression analysis as the slope of DT vs QÇA±1. The reciprocal of h de®nes the insulation. Results. The insulation value of air was 0.61 Clo. The insulation values of the materials varied between 0.17 Clo (two layers of cotton Surgical Drapes) to 2.79 Clo (two layers of hospita
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Perioperative thermal insulation: minimal clinically important differences?
British journal of anaesthesia, 2004Co-Authors: Anselm Bräuer, T. Perl, Z. Uyanik, M. J. M. English, W. Weyland, U. BraunAbstract:Background Reduction of heat losses from the skin by thermal insulation is used to avoid perioperative hypothermia. However, there is little information about the physical properties of various insulating materials used in the operating room. Methods The following insulation materials were tested using a validated manikin: cotton Surgical Drape tested in two and four layers; Allegiance Drape; 3M Steri‐Drape; metallized plastic sheet; ThermaDrape™; Barkey thermcare 1 tested in one and two layers; hospital duvet tested in one and two layers. Heat loss from the surface of the manikin can be described as: Q˙=h·ΔT·A where Q˙ is heat flux, h is the heat exchange coefficient, ΔT is the temperature gradient between the environment and surface and A is the area covered. The heat flux per unit area (Q˙A–1) and surface temperature were measured with nine calibrated heat‐flux transducers. The environmental temperature was measured using a thermoanemometer. ΔT was varied and h was determined by linear regression analysis as the slope of ΔT vs Q˙A–1. The reciprocal of h defines the insulation. Results The insulation value of air was 0.61 Clo. The insulation values of the materials varied between 0.17 Clo (two layers of cotton Surgical Drapes) to 2.79 Clo (two layers of hospital duvet). Conclusions There are relevant differences between various insulating materials. The best commercially available material designed for use in the operating room (Barkey thermcare 1) can reduce heat loss from the covered area by 45% when used in two layers. Given the range of insulating materials available for outdoor activities, significant improvement in insulation of patients in the operating room is both possible and desirable.
Jean Charchaflieh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laser ignition of Surgical Drape materials in air, 50% oxygen, and 95% oxygen.
Anesthesiology, 2004Co-Authors: Gerald L. Wolf, George Sidebotham, Jackson L. P. Lazard, Jean CharchafliehAbstract:Background: Operating room fires fueled by Surgical Drapes and ignited by high-energy Surgical tools in air and oxygenenriched atmospheres continue to occur. Methods: The authors examined the time to ignition of huck towels and three commonly used Surgical Drape materials in air, 50% oxygen, and 95% oxygen using a carbon dioxide Surgical laser as an ignition source. In addition, a phenol-polymer fabric was tested. Results: In air, polypropylene and phenol polymer do not ignite. For polypropylene, the laser instantly vaporized a hole, and therefore, interaction between the laser and material ceased. When tested in combination with another material, the polypropylene time to ignition assumed the behavior of the material with which it was combined. For phenol polymer, the laser did not penetrate the material. Huck towels, cotton-polyester, and nonwoven cellulose-polyester ignited in air with decreasing times to ignition. All tested materials ignited in 50% and 95% oxygen. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that with increasing oxygen concentration, the time to ignition becomes shorter, and the consequences become more severe. The possibility exists for manufacturers to develop Drape materials that are safer than existing materials.
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laser ignition of Surgical Drape materials in air 50 oxygen and 95 oxygen
Anesthesiology, 2004Co-Authors: Gerald L. Wolf, George Sidebotham, Jackson L. P. Lazard, Jean CharchafliehAbstract:Background: Operating room fires fueled by Surgical Drapes and ignited by high-energy Surgical tools in air and oxygenenriched atmospheres continue to occur. Methods: The authors examined the time to ignition of huck towels and three commonly used Surgical Drape materials in air, 50% oxygen, and 95% oxygen using a carbon dioxide Surgical laser as an ignition source. In addition, a phenol-polymer fabric was tested. Results: In air, polypropylene and phenol polymer do not ignite. For polypropylene, the laser instantly vaporized a hole, and therefore, interaction between the laser and material ceased. When tested in combination with another material, the polypropylene time to ignition assumed the behavior of the material with which it was combined. For phenol polymer, the laser did not penetrate the material. Huck towels, cotton-polyester, and nonwoven cellulose-polyester ignited in air with decreasing times to ignition. All tested materials ignited in 50% and 95% oxygen. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that with increasing oxygen concentration, the time to ignition becomes shorter, and the consequences become more severe. The possibility exists for manufacturers to develop Drape materials that are safer than existing materials.