The Experts below are selected from a list of 48 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Charles-henri Malbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: David Val-laillet, Arnaud Biraben, Gwenaëlle Randuineau, Charles-henri MalbertAbstract:Abstract Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to influence food intake and body weight in animals and humans. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of long-term VNS in adult obese minipigs. Eight minipigs were fed ad libitum a Western diet to cause obesity, after which half of the animals were implanted with bilateral vagal electrodes connected to constant current stimulators (2 mA, 30 Hz, 500-μs pulse, ON 30 s, OFF 5 min). The other animals were implanted with sham devices. Animals were weighed weekly and their daily consumption was measured. Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3 ± 3.3 kg, P > 0.10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6 ± 8.0 kg, P P P > 0.10). When subjected to a three-choice meal test (high-fat vs. high-carbohydrates vs. balanced diet), VNS animals decreased their Sweet-food consumption compared to sham animals ( P
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: David Val-laillet, Arnaud Biraben, Gwenaëlle Randuineau, Charles-henri MalbertAbstract:Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to influence food intake and body weight in animals and humans The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of long-term VNS in adult obese minims. Eight minipigs were fed ad libitum a Western diet to cause obesity, after which half of the animals were implanted with bilateral vagal electrodes connected to constant current stimulators (2 mA, 30 Hz. 500-mu s pulse, ON 30 s. OFF 5 min). The other animals were implanted with sham devices Animals were weighed weekly and their daily consumption was measured Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3 +/- 3.3 kg, P > 0 10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6 +/- 8 0 kg, P < 0.05). Furthermore, food consumption decreased in VNS animals (-18%, P < 0.02) compared to sham animals (+1%, P > 0 10) When subjected to a three-choice meal test (high-fat vs high-carbohydrates vs balanced diet). VNS animals decreased their Sweet-food consumption compared to sham animals (P < 005), and increased their balanced diet consumption in comparison to pre-surgery levels. Our results showed that chronic VNS decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs, which indicates that this therapy might be used to decrease appetite in the context of morbid obesity (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
David Val-laillet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: David Val-laillet, Arnaud Biraben, Gwenaëlle Randuineau, Charles-henri MalbertAbstract:Abstract Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to influence food intake and body weight in animals and humans. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of long-term VNS in adult obese minipigs. Eight minipigs were fed ad libitum a Western diet to cause obesity, after which half of the animals were implanted with bilateral vagal electrodes connected to constant current stimulators (2 mA, 30 Hz, 500-μs pulse, ON 30 s, OFF 5 min). The other animals were implanted with sham devices. Animals were weighed weekly and their daily consumption was measured. Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3 ± 3.3 kg, P > 0.10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6 ± 8.0 kg, P P P > 0.10). When subjected to a three-choice meal test (high-fat vs. high-carbohydrates vs. balanced diet), VNS animals decreased their Sweet-food consumption compared to sham animals ( P
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: David Val-laillet, Arnaud Biraben, Gwenaëlle Randuineau, Charles-henri MalbertAbstract:Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to influence food intake and body weight in animals and humans The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of long-term VNS in adult obese minims. Eight minipigs were fed ad libitum a Western diet to cause obesity, after which half of the animals were implanted with bilateral vagal electrodes connected to constant current stimulators (2 mA, 30 Hz. 500-mu s pulse, ON 30 s. OFF 5 min). The other animals were implanted with sham devices Animals were weighed weekly and their daily consumption was measured Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3 +/- 3.3 kg, P > 0 10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6 +/- 8 0 kg, P < 0.05). Furthermore, food consumption decreased in VNS animals (-18%, P < 0.02) compared to sham animals (+1%, P > 0 10) When subjected to a three-choice meal test (high-fat vs high-carbohydrates vs balanced diet). VNS animals decreased their Sweet-food consumption compared to sham animals (P < 005), and increased their balanced diet consumption in comparison to pre-surgery levels. Our results showed that chronic VNS decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs, which indicates that this therapy might be used to decrease appetite in the context of morbid obesity (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
Arnaud Biraben - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: David Val-laillet, Arnaud Biraben, Gwenaëlle Randuineau, Charles-henri MalbertAbstract:Abstract Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to influence food intake and body weight in animals and humans. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of long-term VNS in adult obese minipigs. Eight minipigs were fed ad libitum a Western diet to cause obesity, after which half of the animals were implanted with bilateral vagal electrodes connected to constant current stimulators (2 mA, 30 Hz, 500-μs pulse, ON 30 s, OFF 5 min). The other animals were implanted with sham devices. Animals were weighed weekly and their daily consumption was measured. Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3 ± 3.3 kg, P > 0.10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6 ± 8.0 kg, P P P > 0.10). When subjected to a three-choice meal test (high-fat vs. high-carbohydrates vs. balanced diet), VNS animals decreased their Sweet-food consumption compared to sham animals ( P
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: David Val-laillet, Arnaud Biraben, Gwenaëlle Randuineau, Charles-henri MalbertAbstract:Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to influence food intake and body weight in animals and humans The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of long-term VNS in adult obese minims. Eight minipigs were fed ad libitum a Western diet to cause obesity, after which half of the animals were implanted with bilateral vagal electrodes connected to constant current stimulators (2 mA, 30 Hz. 500-mu s pulse, ON 30 s. OFF 5 min). The other animals were implanted with sham devices Animals were weighed weekly and their daily consumption was measured Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3 +/- 3.3 kg, P > 0 10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6 +/- 8 0 kg, P < 0.05). Furthermore, food consumption decreased in VNS animals (-18%, P < 0.02) compared to sham animals (+1%, P > 0 10) When subjected to a three-choice meal test (high-fat vs high-carbohydrates vs balanced diet). VNS animals decreased their Sweet-food consumption compared to sham animals (P < 005), and increased their balanced diet consumption in comparison to pre-surgery levels. Our results showed that chronic VNS decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs, which indicates that this therapy might be used to decrease appetite in the context of morbid obesity (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
Gwenaëlle Randuineau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: David Val-laillet, Arnaud Biraben, Gwenaëlle Randuineau, Charles-henri MalbertAbstract:Abstract Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to influence food intake and body weight in animals and humans. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of long-term VNS in adult obese minipigs. Eight minipigs were fed ad libitum a Western diet to cause obesity, after which half of the animals were implanted with bilateral vagal electrodes connected to constant current stimulators (2 mA, 30 Hz, 500-μs pulse, ON 30 s, OFF 5 min). The other animals were implanted with sham devices. Animals were weighed weekly and their daily consumption was measured. Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3 ± 3.3 kg, P > 0.10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6 ± 8.0 kg, P P P > 0.10). When subjected to a three-choice meal test (high-fat vs. high-carbohydrates vs. balanced diet), VNS animals decreased their Sweet-food consumption compared to sham animals ( P
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Chronic vagus nerve stimulation decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs
Appetite, 2010Co-Authors: David Val-laillet, Arnaud Biraben, Gwenaëlle Randuineau, Charles-henri MalbertAbstract:Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is known to influence food intake and body weight in animals and humans The aim of our work was to evaluate the effects of long-term VNS in adult obese minims. Eight minipigs were fed ad libitum a Western diet to cause obesity, after which half of the animals were implanted with bilateral vagal electrodes connected to constant current stimulators (2 mA, 30 Hz. 500-mu s pulse, ON 30 s. OFF 5 min). The other animals were implanted with sham devices Animals were weighed weekly and their daily consumption was measured Still 14 weeks after surgery, VNS animals (70.3 +/- 3.3 kg, P > 0 10) did not significantly gain weight compared to sham animals (80.6 +/- 8 0 kg, P < 0.05). Furthermore, food consumption decreased in VNS animals (-18%, P < 0.02) compared to sham animals (+1%, P > 0 10) When subjected to a three-choice meal test (high-fat vs high-carbohydrates vs balanced diet). VNS animals decreased their Sweet-food consumption compared to sham animals (P < 005), and increased their balanced diet consumption in comparison to pre-surgery levels. Our results showed that chronic VNS decreased weight gain, food consumption and Sweet Craving in adult obese minipigs, which indicates that this therapy might be used to decrease appetite in the context of morbid obesity (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
Paul Rozin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of low progesterone and tension as triggers of perimenstrual chocolate and Sweets Craving: some negative experimental evidence.
Physiology & behavior, 1999Co-Authors: Willa Michener, Paul Rozin, Ellen Freeman, Lynn C. GaleAbstract:Approximately half of the 40-50% of North American women who crave chocolate or Sweets do so principally in the perimenstrum, the part of the menstrual cycle surrounding the onset of menstruation. We test two hypotheses about the events that trigger these Cravings: 1) the premenstrual drop in progesterone levels; or 2) dysphoria or tension in the perimenstruum. Chocolate Craving, Sweets Craving, and other perimenstrual symptoms were rated daily for six menstrual cycles by a sample of women with severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Forty-four women satisfied criteria for cyclicity in chocolate Craving, and 44 for Sweet Craving, determined during the first two cycles. Thirty-four subjects satisfied criteria for Craving of both chocolate and Sweets. After placebo treatments during the third cycle, subjects were randomly assigned, double blind, to administration of placebo, oral micronized progesterone, or alprazolam (a tranquillizer). Treatments were administered from the beginning of the third week to the second day postonset of menstruation during the fourth to sixth months of study. Neither progesterone nor alprazolam decreased chocolate or Sweets Craving.
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Chocolate Craving and liking
Appetite, 1991Co-Authors: Paul Rozin, Eleanor Levine, Caryn StoessAbstract:Liking and Craving for chocolate and related substances were surveyed in a sample of University of Pennsylvania undergraduates (n = 249) and their parents (n = 319). Chocolate was highly liked in all groups, with a stronger liking by females. Chocolate is the most craved food among females, and is craved by almost half of the female sample (in both age groups). Although this Craving is related to a Sweet Craving, it cannot be accounted for as a Craving for Sweets. About half of the female cravers show a very well defined Craving peak for chocolate in the perimenstrual period, beginning from a few days before the onset of menses and extending into the first few days of menses. There is not a significant relation in chocolate Craving or liking between parents and their children. The current motivation for chocolate preference seems to be primarily, if not entirely, sensory. Liking for chocolate correlates significantly with liking for Sweets and white chocolate. The liking for the sensory properties could originate in innate or acquired liking based on the Sweetness, texture and aroma of chocolate, or it could be based in part on interactions between the postingestional effects of chocolate and a person's state (e.g., mood, hormone levels). Based on correlational data, we find little evidence for a relation between addiction to chocolate or the pharmacological (e.g., xanthine-based) effects of chocolate and the liking for chocolate. © 1991.
