The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Philip T Hicks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the mysterious trace amines protean neuromodulators of Synaptic transmission in mammalian brain
Progress in Neurobiology, 2006Co-Authors: Scott A Burchett, Philip T HicksAbstract:Abstract The trace amines are a structurally related group of amines and their isomers synthesized in mammalian brain and peripheral nervous tissues. They are closely associated metabolically with the dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitter systems in mammalian brain. Like dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin the trace amines have been implicated in a vast array of human disorders of affect and cognition. The trace amines are unique as they are present in trace concentrations, exhibit high rates of metabolism and are distributed heterogeneously in mammalian brain. While some are synthesized in their parent amine neurotransmitter systems, there is also evidence to suggest other trace amines may comprise their own independent neurotransmitter systems. A substantial body of evidence suggests that the trace amines may play very significant roles in the coordination of biogenic amine-based Synaptic Physiology. At high concentrations, they have well-characterized preSynaptic “amphetamine-like” effects on catecholamine and indolamine release, reuptake and biosynthesis; at lower concentrations, they possess postSynaptic modulatory effects that potentiate the activity of other neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine and serotonin. The trace amines also possess electrophysiological effects that are in opposition to these neurotransmitters, indicating to some researchers the existence of receptors specific for the trace amines. While binding sites or receptors for a few of the trace amines have been advanced, the absence of cloned receptor protein has impeded significant development of their detailed mechanistic roles in the coordination of catecholamine and indolamine Synaptic Physiology. The recent discovery and characterization of a family of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors responsive to trace amines such as β-phenylethylamine, tyramine, and octopamine, including socially ingested psychotropic drugs such as amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide, have revitalized the field of scientific studies investigating trace amine Synaptic Physiology, and its association with major human disorders of affect and cognition.
Scott A Burchett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The mysterious trace amines: protean neuromodulators of Synaptic transmission in mammalian brain.
Progress in neurobiology, 2006Co-Authors: Scott A Burchett, T Philip HicksAbstract:The trace amines are a structurally related group of amines and their isomers synthesized in mammalian brain and peripheral nervous tissues. They are closely associated metabolically with the dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitter systems in mammalian brain. Like dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin the trace amines have been implicated in a vast array of human disorders of affect and cognition. The trace amines are unique as they are present in trace concentrations, exhibit high rates of metabolism and are distributed heterogeneously in mammalian brain. While some are synthesized in their parent amine neurotransmitter systems, there is also evidence to suggest other trace amines may comprise their own independent neurotransmitter systems. A substantial body of evidence suggests that the trace amines may play very significant roles in the coordination of biogenic amine-based Synaptic Physiology. At high concentrations, they have well-characterized preSynaptic "amphetamine-like" effects on catecholamine and indolamine release, reuptake and biosynthesis; at lower concentrations, they possess postSynaptic modulatory effects that potentiate the activity of other neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine and serotonin. The trace amines also possess electrophysiological effects that are in opposition to these neurotransmitters, indicating to some researchers the existence of receptors specific for the trace amines. While binding sites or receptors for a few of the trace amines have been advanced, the absence of cloned receptor protein has impeded significant development of their detailed mechanistic roles in the coordination of catecholamine and indolamine Synaptic Physiology. The recent discovery and characterization of a family of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors responsive to trace amines such as beta-phenylethylamine, tyramine, and octopamine, including socially ingested psychotropic drugs such as amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide, have revitalized the field of scientific studies investigating trace amine Synaptic Physiology, and its association with major human disorders of affect and cognition.
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the mysterious trace amines protean neuromodulators of Synaptic transmission in mammalian brain
Progress in Neurobiology, 2006Co-Authors: Scott A Burchett, Philip T HicksAbstract:Abstract The trace amines are a structurally related group of amines and their isomers synthesized in mammalian brain and peripheral nervous tissues. They are closely associated metabolically with the dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitter systems in mammalian brain. Like dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin the trace amines have been implicated in a vast array of human disorders of affect and cognition. The trace amines are unique as they are present in trace concentrations, exhibit high rates of metabolism and are distributed heterogeneously in mammalian brain. While some are synthesized in their parent amine neurotransmitter systems, there is also evidence to suggest other trace amines may comprise their own independent neurotransmitter systems. A substantial body of evidence suggests that the trace amines may play very significant roles in the coordination of biogenic amine-based Synaptic Physiology. At high concentrations, they have well-characterized preSynaptic “amphetamine-like” effects on catecholamine and indolamine release, reuptake and biosynthesis; at lower concentrations, they possess postSynaptic modulatory effects that potentiate the activity of other neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine and serotonin. The trace amines also possess electrophysiological effects that are in opposition to these neurotransmitters, indicating to some researchers the existence of receptors specific for the trace amines. While binding sites or receptors for a few of the trace amines have been advanced, the absence of cloned receptor protein has impeded significant development of their detailed mechanistic roles in the coordination of catecholamine and indolamine Synaptic Physiology. The recent discovery and characterization of a family of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors responsive to trace amines such as β-phenylethylamine, tyramine, and octopamine, including socially ingested psychotropic drugs such as amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide, have revitalized the field of scientific studies investigating trace amine Synaptic Physiology, and its association with major human disorders of affect and cognition.
T Philip Hicks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The mysterious trace amines: protean neuromodulators of Synaptic transmission in mammalian brain.
Progress in neurobiology, 2006Co-Authors: Scott A Burchett, T Philip HicksAbstract:The trace amines are a structurally related group of amines and their isomers synthesized in mammalian brain and peripheral nervous tissues. They are closely associated metabolically with the dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitter systems in mammalian brain. Like dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin the trace amines have been implicated in a vast array of human disorders of affect and cognition. The trace amines are unique as they are present in trace concentrations, exhibit high rates of metabolism and are distributed heterogeneously in mammalian brain. While some are synthesized in their parent amine neurotransmitter systems, there is also evidence to suggest other trace amines may comprise their own independent neurotransmitter systems. A substantial body of evidence suggests that the trace amines may play very significant roles in the coordination of biogenic amine-based Synaptic Physiology. At high concentrations, they have well-characterized preSynaptic "amphetamine-like" effects on catecholamine and indolamine release, reuptake and biosynthesis; at lower concentrations, they possess postSynaptic modulatory effects that potentiate the activity of other neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine and serotonin. The trace amines also possess electrophysiological effects that are in opposition to these neurotransmitters, indicating to some researchers the existence of receptors specific for the trace amines. While binding sites or receptors for a few of the trace amines have been advanced, the absence of cloned receptor protein has impeded significant development of their detailed mechanistic roles in the coordination of catecholamine and indolamine Synaptic Physiology. The recent discovery and characterization of a family of mammalian G protein-coupled receptors responsive to trace amines such as beta-phenylethylamine, tyramine, and octopamine, including socially ingested psychotropic drugs such as amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide, have revitalized the field of scientific studies investigating trace amine Synaptic Physiology, and its association with major human disorders of affect and cognition.
Vivian Budnik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Glial wingless/Wnt regulates glutamate receptor clustering and Synaptic Physiology at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2014Co-Authors: Kimberly S. Kerr, Yuly Fuentes-medel, Cassandra Brewer, Romina Barria, James A. Ashley, Katharine C. Abruzzi, Amy E. Sheehan, Ozge E. Tasdemir-yilmaz, Marc R. Freeman, Vivian BudnikAbstract:Glial cells are emerging as important regulators of synapse formation, maturation, and plasticity through the release of secreted signaling molecules. Here we use chromatin immunoprecipitation along with Drosophila genomic tiling arrays to define potential targets of the glial transcription factor Reversed polarity (Repo). Unexpectedly, we identified wingless (wg), a secreted morphogen that regulates Synaptic growth at the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ), as a potential Repo target gene. We demonstrate that Repo regulates wg expression in vivo and that local glial cells secrete Wg at the NMJ to regulate glutamate receptor clustering and Synaptic function. This work identifies Wg as a novel in vivo glial-secreted factor that specifically modulates assembly of the postSynaptic signaling machinery at the Drosophila NMJ.
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Immunocytochemical staining of Drosophila larval body-wall muscles.
Cold Spring Harbor protocols, 2010Co-Authors: Preethi Ramachandran, Vivian BudnikAbstract:Over the last two decades, the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) has gained immense popularity as a model system for the study of Synaptic development, function, and plasticity. With this model, it is easy to visualize synapses and manipulate the system genetically with a high degree of temporal and spatial control, which makes it ideal for resolving problems in Synaptic Physiology and development. This article describes a procedure for labeling various proteins with antibodies in dissected larval body-wall muscles and visualizing their localization and distribution in the brain, NMJ, and muscle
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Dissection of Drosophila larval body-wall muscles.
Cold Spring Harbor protocols, 2010Co-Authors: Preethi Ramachandran, Vivian BudnikAbstract:Over the last two decades, the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction has gained immense popularity as a model system for the study of Synaptic development, function, and plasticity. With this model, it is easy to visualize synapses and manipulate the system genetically with a high degree of temporal and spatial control, which makes it ideal for resolving problems in Synaptic Physiology and development. A number of different techniques have been used to dissect third-instar larval preparations to expose the body-wall muscles. Here, we describe a procedure that uses magnetic chambers and pins to allow for fine control in spreading the larval body wall
Alfonso Araque - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sensing and Regulating Synaptic Activity by Astrocytes at Tripartite Synapse
Neurochemical Research, 2021Co-Authors: José Antonio Noriega-prieto, Alfonso AraqueAbstract:Astrocytes are recognized as more important cells than historically thought in Synaptic function through the reciprocal exchange of signaling with the neuronal Synaptic elements. The idea that astrocytes are active elements in Synaptic Physiology is conceptualized in the Tripartite Synapse concept. This review article presents and discusses recent representative examples that highlight the heterogeneity of signaling in tripartite synapse function and its consequences on neural network function and animal behavior.
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Stimulating Astrocytes to Remember.
Cell, 2018Co-Authors: Ana Covelo, Alfonso AraqueAbstract:Adamsky et al. show that stimulation of astrocytes potentiates Synaptic transmission and enhances behavioral performance in memory tasks. These results demonstrate that astrocytes are actively involved in Synaptic Physiology and brain function and lend further support to the idea that animal behavior results from the coordinated activity of neurons and astrocytes.
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Astrocyte-neuron interaction at tripartite synapses.
Current drug targets, 2013Co-Authors: Alberto Perez-alvarez, Alfonso AraqueAbstract:Astrocytes, classically considered as supportive cells for neurons without a direct role in brain information processing, are emerging as relevant elements in brain Physiology through their ability to regulate neuronal activity and Synaptic transmission and plasticity. In relation to the key role of astrocyte-neuron interactions in Synaptic Physiology, accumulating evidence suggests that dysfunctions of neuron-astrocyte signaling may be linked to the pathology of various neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. In this article, we summarize the evidence supporting the importance of astrocyte-neuron communication in Synaptic Physiology, which have led to reveal astrocytes as integral elements of Synaptic function. We also discuss how this novel view of astrocytic functions on brain Physiology is prompting us to reconsider the possible astrocytic roles in brain diseases, and specifically in depression.
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Communication between astrocytes and neurons: a complex language.
Journal of physiology Paris, 2002Co-Authors: Gertrudis Perea, Alfonso AraqueAbstract:In recent years, accumulating evidence suggests the existence of bidirectional communication between astrocytes and neurons, indicating an important active role of astrocytes in the Physiology of the nervous system. As a consequence of this evidence, a new concept of the Synaptic Physiology--"the tripartite synapse"--has been proposed, in which the synapse is formed by three functional elements, i.e. the pre- and postSynaptic elements and the surrounding astrocytes. In the present article we review and discuss the current knowledge on the cellular mechanisms and physiological properties of this communication that displays highly complex characteristics. We are beginning to realize that the communication between astrocytes and neurons uses a quite complex language.
