The Experts below are selected from a list of 27741 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Matthew H Spitzer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Systemic Immunity in cancer
Nature Reviews Cancer, 2021Co-Authors: Kamir J Hiamgalvez, Breanna M Allen, Matthew H SpitzerAbstract:Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but efficacy remains limited in most clinical settings. Cancer is a Systemic disease that induces many functional and compositional changes to the immune system as a whole. Immunity is regulated by interactions of diverse cell lineages across tissues. Therefore, an improved understanding of tumour immunology must assess the Systemic immune landscape beyond the tumour microenvironment (TME). Importantly, the peripheral immune system is required to drive effective natural and therapeutically induced antitumour immune responses. In fact, emerging evidence suggests that immunotherapy drives new immune responses rather than the reinvigoration of pre-existing immune responses. However, new immune responses in individuals burdened with tumours are compromised even beyond the TME. Herein, we aim to comprehensively outline the current knowledge of Systemic Immunity in cancer.
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Systemic Immunity is required for effective cancer immunotherapy
Cell, 2017Co-Authors: Matthew H Spitzer, Yaron Carmi, Nathan E Retickerflynn, Serena S Kwek, Deepthi Madhireddy, Maria M Martins, Pier Federico Gherardini, Tyler R Prestwood, Jonathan ChabonAbstract:Immune responses involve coordination across cell types and tissues. However, studies in cancer immunotherapy have focused heavily on local immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. To investigate immune activity more broadly, we performed an organism-wide study in genetically engineered cancer models using mass cytometry. We analyzed immune responses in several tissues after immunotherapy by developing intuitive models for visualizing single-cell data with statistical inference. Immune activation was evident in the tumor and Systemically shortly after effective therapy was administered. However, during tumor rejection, only peripheral immune cells sustained their proliferation. This Systemic response was coordinated across tissues and required for tumor eradication in several immunotherapy models. An emergent population of peripheral CD4 T cells conferred protection against new tumors and was significantly expanded in patients responding to immunotherapy. These studies demonstrate the critical impact of Systemic immune responses that drive tumor rejection.
Weimin Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the biological effects of individual level pm2 5 exposure on Systemic Immunity and inflammatory response in traffic policemen
Chemical Hazards in Industry, 2013Co-Authors: Jinzhuo Zhao, Zhiyi Gao, Zhenyong Tian, Yuquan Xie, Feng Xin, Rongfang Jiang, Haidong Kan, Weimin SongAbstract:Ambient fine-particle particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with the decline in pulmonary function, prevalence of coronary heart disease and incidence of myocardial infarction. The study is to observe the effects of ambient PM2.5 on the cardiovascular system and to explore the potential inflammatory and immune mechanisms. The subjects included 110 traffic policemen in Shanghai, China, who were aged 25-55 years. Two-times continuous 24 h individual-level PM2.5 measurements were performed in winter and summer, respectively. The inflammatory marker (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP), immune parameters (IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE) and lymphocyte profiles (CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, CD4/CD8 T cells) were measured in blood. The associations between individual-level PM2.5 and inflammatory marker and immune parameters were analysed by multiple linear regression. The average concentration of 24 h personal PM2.5 for participants was 116.98 µg/m3 and 86.48 µg/m3 in winter and summer, respectively. In the main analysis, PM2.5 exposure is associated with the increases in hs-CRP of 1.1%, IgG of 6.7%, IgM of 11.2% and IgE of 3.3% in participants, and decreases in IgA of 4.7% and CD8 of 0.7%, whereas we found no statistical association in CD4 T cells and CD4/CD8 T cells. In the adjusted model, the results showed that the increase of PM2.5 was associated with the changes of inflammatory markers and immune markers both in winter and summer. Traffic policeman have been a high-risk group suffering inflammatory response or immune injury because of the high exposure to PM2.5. These findings provided new insight into the mechanisms linking ambient PM2.5 and inflammatory and immune response.
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the biological effects of individual level pm2 5 exposure on Systemic Immunity and inflammatory response in traffic policemen
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Jinzhuo Zhao, Zhiyi Gao, Zhenyong Tian, Yuquan Xie, Feng Xin, Rongfang Jiang, Haidong Kan, Weimin SongAbstract:Background Ambient fine-particle particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) exposure is associated with the decline in pulmonary function, prevalence of coronary heart disease and incidence of myocardial infarction. The study is to observe the effects of ambient PM 2.5 on the cardiovascular system and to explore the potential inflammatory and immune mechanisms. Methods The subjects included 110 traffic policemen in Shanghai, China, who were aged 25–55 years. Two-times continuous 24 h individual-level PM 2.5 measurements were performed in winter and summer, respectively. The inflammatory marker (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP), immune parameters (IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE) and lymphocyte profiles (CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, CD4/CD8 T cells) were measured in blood. The associations between individual-level PM 2.5 and inflammatory marker and immune parameters were analysed by multiple linear regression. Results The average concentration of 24 h personal PM 2.5 for participants was 116.98 μg/m 3 and 86.48 μg/m 3 in winter and summer, respectively. In the main analysis, PM 2.5 exposure is associated with the increases in hs-CRP of 1.1%, IgG of 6.7%, IgM of 11.2% and IgE of 3.3% in participants, and decreases in IgA of 4.7% and CD8 of 0.7%, whereas we found no statistical association in CD4 T cells and CD4/CD8 T cells. In the adjusted model, the results showed that the increase of PM 2.5 was associated with the changes of inflammatory markers and immune markers both in winter and summer. Conclusions Traffic policeman have been a high-risk group suffering inflammatory response or immune injury because of the high exposure to PM 2.5 . These findings provided new insight into the mechanisms linking ambient PM 2.5 and inflammatory and immune response.
Pradeep Kachroo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pipecolic acid confers Systemic Immunity by regulating free radicals
Science Advances, 2018Co-Authors: Caixia Wang, Aardra Kachroo, Ruiying Liu, Gahhyun Lim, Laura De Lorenzo, Kai Zhang, Arthur G Hunt, Pradeep KachrooAbstract:Pipecolic acid (Pip), a non-proteinaceous product of lysine catabolism, is an important regulator of Immunity in plants and humans alike. In plants, Pip accumulates upon pathogen infection and has been associated with Systemic acquired resistance (SAR). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Pip-mediated signaling and its relationship to other known SAR inducers remain unknown. We show that in plants, Pip confers SAR by increasing levels of the free radicals, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which act upstream of glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P). Plants defective in NO, ROS, G3P, or salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis accumulate reduced Pip in their distal uninfected tissues although they contain wild-type–like levels of Pip in their infected leaves. These data indicate that de novo synthesis of Pip in distal tissues is dependent on both SA and G3P and that distal levels of SA and G3P play an important role in SAR. These results also suggest a unique scenario whereby metabolites in a signaling cascade can stimulate each other’s biosynthesis depending on their relative levels and their site of action.
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Free radical-mediated Systemic Immunity in plants
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2014Co-Authors: David Wendehenne, Aardra Kachroo, Qing-ming Gao, Pradeep KachrooAbstract:Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a form of defense that protects plants against a broad-spectrum of secondary infections by related or unrelated pathogens. SAR related research has witnessed considerable progress in recent years and a number of chemical signals and proteins contributing to SAR have been identified. All of these diverse constituents share their requirement for the phytohormone salicylic acid, an essential downstream component of the SAR pathway. However, recent work demonstrating the essential parallel functioning of nitric oxide (NO)-derived and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-derived signaling together with SA provides important new insights in the overlapping pathways leading to SAR. This review discusses the potential significance of branched pathways and the relative contributions of NO/ROS-derived and SA-derived pathways in SAR.
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a feedback regulatory loop between g3p and lipid transfer proteins dir1 and azi1 mediates azelaic acid induced Systemic Immunity
Cell Reports, 2013Co-Authors: Juliana Moreira Soares, Mihir K Mandal, Caixia Wang, Bidisha Chanda, Andrew N Gifford, Joanna S Fowler, Duroy A Navarre, Aardra Kachroo, Pradeep KachrooAbstract:SUMMARY Systemic acquired resistance (SAR), a highly desirable form of plant defense, provides broad-spectrum Immunity against diverse pathogens. The recent identification of seemingly unrelated chemical inducers of SAR warrants an investigation of their mutual interrelationships. We show that SAR induced by the dicarboxylic acid azelaic acid (AA) requires the phosphorylated sugar derivative glycerol3-phosphate (G3P). Pathogen inoculation induced the release of free unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) and thereby triggered AA accumulation, because these FAs serve as precursors for AA. AA accumulation in turn increased the levels of G3P, which is required for AA-conferred SAR. The lipid transfer proteins DIR1 and AZI1, both of which are required for G3Pand AA-induced SAR, were essential for G3P accumulation. Conversely, reduced G3P resulted in decreased AZI1 and DIR1 transcription. Our results demonstrate that an intricate feedback regulatory loop among G3P, DIR1, and AZI1 regulates SAR and that AA functions upstream of G3P in this pathway.
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glycerol 3 phosphate is a critical mobile inducer of Systemic Immunity in plants
Nature Genetics, 2011Co-Authors: Bidisha Chanda, Duroy A Navarre, Aardra Kachroo, Mihir Kumar Mandal, Keshun Yu, Kentaro Sekine, Devarshi Selote, Yanling Hu, Arnold J Stromberg, Pradeep KachrooAbstract:Pradeep Kachroo and colleagues show that glycerol-3-phosphate is a critical mobile inducer of Systemic acquired resistance in plants.
Yuquan Xie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the biological effects of individual level pm2 5 exposure on Systemic Immunity and inflammatory response in traffic policemen
Chemical Hazards in Industry, 2013Co-Authors: Jinzhuo Zhao, Zhiyi Gao, Zhenyong Tian, Yuquan Xie, Feng Xin, Rongfang Jiang, Haidong Kan, Weimin SongAbstract:Ambient fine-particle particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with the decline in pulmonary function, prevalence of coronary heart disease and incidence of myocardial infarction. The study is to observe the effects of ambient PM2.5 on the cardiovascular system and to explore the potential inflammatory and immune mechanisms. The subjects included 110 traffic policemen in Shanghai, China, who were aged 25-55 years. Two-times continuous 24 h individual-level PM2.5 measurements were performed in winter and summer, respectively. The inflammatory marker (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP), immune parameters (IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE) and lymphocyte profiles (CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, CD4/CD8 T cells) were measured in blood. The associations between individual-level PM2.5 and inflammatory marker and immune parameters were analysed by multiple linear regression. The average concentration of 24 h personal PM2.5 for participants was 116.98 µg/m3 and 86.48 µg/m3 in winter and summer, respectively. In the main analysis, PM2.5 exposure is associated with the increases in hs-CRP of 1.1%, IgG of 6.7%, IgM of 11.2% and IgE of 3.3% in participants, and decreases in IgA of 4.7% and CD8 of 0.7%, whereas we found no statistical association in CD4 T cells and CD4/CD8 T cells. In the adjusted model, the results showed that the increase of PM2.5 was associated with the changes of inflammatory markers and immune markers both in winter and summer. Traffic policeman have been a high-risk group suffering inflammatory response or immune injury because of the high exposure to PM2.5. These findings provided new insight into the mechanisms linking ambient PM2.5 and inflammatory and immune response.
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the biological effects of individual level pm2 5 exposure on Systemic Immunity and inflammatory response in traffic policemen
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Jinzhuo Zhao, Zhiyi Gao, Zhenyong Tian, Yuquan Xie, Feng Xin, Rongfang Jiang, Haidong Kan, Weimin SongAbstract:Background Ambient fine-particle particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) exposure is associated with the decline in pulmonary function, prevalence of coronary heart disease and incidence of myocardial infarction. The study is to observe the effects of ambient PM 2.5 on the cardiovascular system and to explore the potential inflammatory and immune mechanisms. Methods The subjects included 110 traffic policemen in Shanghai, China, who were aged 25–55 years. Two-times continuous 24 h individual-level PM 2.5 measurements were performed in winter and summer, respectively. The inflammatory marker (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP), immune parameters (IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE) and lymphocyte profiles (CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, CD4/CD8 T cells) were measured in blood. The associations between individual-level PM 2.5 and inflammatory marker and immune parameters were analysed by multiple linear regression. Results The average concentration of 24 h personal PM 2.5 for participants was 116.98 μg/m 3 and 86.48 μg/m 3 in winter and summer, respectively. In the main analysis, PM 2.5 exposure is associated with the increases in hs-CRP of 1.1%, IgG of 6.7%, IgM of 11.2% and IgE of 3.3% in participants, and decreases in IgA of 4.7% and CD8 of 0.7%, whereas we found no statistical association in CD4 T cells and CD4/CD8 T cells. In the adjusted model, the results showed that the increase of PM 2.5 was associated with the changes of inflammatory markers and immune markers both in winter and summer. Conclusions Traffic policeman have been a high-risk group suffering inflammatory response or immune injury because of the high exposure to PM 2.5 . These findings provided new insight into the mechanisms linking ambient PM 2.5 and inflammatory and immune response.
Jonathan Chabon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Systemic Immunity is required for effective cancer immunotherapy
Cell, 2017Co-Authors: Matthew H Spitzer, Yaron Carmi, Nathan E Retickerflynn, Serena S Kwek, Deepthi Madhireddy, Maria M Martins, Pier Federico Gherardini, Tyler R Prestwood, Jonathan ChabonAbstract:Immune responses involve coordination across cell types and tissues. However, studies in cancer immunotherapy have focused heavily on local immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. To investigate immune activity more broadly, we performed an organism-wide study in genetically engineered cancer models using mass cytometry. We analyzed immune responses in several tissues after immunotherapy by developing intuitive models for visualizing single-cell data with statistical inference. Immune activation was evident in the tumor and Systemically shortly after effective therapy was administered. However, during tumor rejection, only peripheral immune cells sustained their proliferation. This Systemic response was coordinated across tissues and required for tumor eradication in several immunotherapy models. An emergent population of peripheral CD4 T cells conferred protection against new tumors and was significantly expanded in patients responding to immunotherapy. These studies demonstrate the critical impact of Systemic immune responses that drive tumor rejection.
