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Guilherme Malafaia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Tannery effluent in bullfrog lithobates catesbeianus
Chemosphere, 2017Co-Authors: Mateus Flores Montalvao, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto De Menezes, Andre Luis Da Silva Castro, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Abstract Some of the most polluting activities occur in bovine skin processing. Tannery generates Effluents containing high concentrations of heavy metals and organic compounds. The phases composing the leather production process generate a large volume of Tannery Effluents that are often discarded in aquatic environments without any previous treatment. However, the effect these xenobiotics have on adult representatives belonging to the class Amphibia remains unknown. Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the geno- and cytotoxic effects of Tannery effluent on adult male bullfrogs ( Lithobates castesbeianus ) exposed to it. Accordingly, the animals were divided into the following groups: negative control (Tannery effluent-free water), positive control (cyclophosphamide), and effluent (water added with 5% Tannery effluent). The animals were euthanized for blood collection, and erythrocyte analyses were conducted after 35 and 90 days of exposure. The micronuclei (MN) frequency and the frequency of other nuclear abnormalities in each of the animals in the experimental groups were assessed in 2000 erythrocytes. According to the present results, the exposure to Tannery Effluents increased MN frequency as well as other nuclear abnormalities (i.e., lobed nuclei, binucleated cell, kidney-shaped nuclei, notched nuclei, and apoptotic cell) in the erythrocytes of animals in the effluent group and in the positive control group after 35 and 90 exposure days. Thus, the current study corroborated the hypothesis that the Tannery effluent has aneugenic and clastogenic potential in adult male bullfrogs ( L. castesbeianus ). The present study is the first to report such effect.
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Protective effect of vitamin C in female Swiss mice dermally-exposed to the Tannery effluent
Chemosphere, 2017Co-Authors: Leticia Martins Rabelo, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Bruna De Oliveira Mendes, Boniek G Vaz, Bianca Costa E Silva, Fernanda Neves Estrela, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Previous studies involving the oral exposure of mice to Tannery Effluents have found neurotoxic effects. However, studies about the effects the dermal exposure to pollutant have on the cognitive function of females have not been found in the literature. Thus, the aim of the current study is to investigate whether the dermal exposure of female Swiss mice to Tannery Effluents (2 h/day for 20 days) can cause cognitive impairment, as it was already evidenced in male Swiss mice. Furthermore, based on the administration of vitamin C (before or after the exposure to the xenobiotic), the current study also aims to assess the protective effect of vitamin C in female Swiss mice dermally-exposed to the Tannery effluent. Female Swiss mice exposed to the Tannery effluent (without vitamin supplementation) have shown lower novel object recognition index during the test session of the novel object recognition task, and they have descended significantly faster from the inhibitory avoidance platform when they were compared to mice belonging to the other groups, therefore evidencing memory deficit. However, the test performance of females receiving vitamin C was similar to that of control animals. Thus, the current study confirms the initial hypothesis that the dermal exposure to the pollutant, even for a short period, causes cognitive deficit in female Swiss mice. The herein presented findings also provide evidence that the mechanisms of action of the Tannery effluent in these animals are related to oxidative damages in specific brain regions directed to the formation of short memory to perform aversive and object recognition tasks.
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inbred mice strain shows neurobehavioral changes when exposed to Tannery effluent
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017Co-Authors: Joyce Moreira De Souza, Mateus Flores Montalvao, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Wellington Alves Mizael Da Silva, Bruna De Oliveira Mendes, Dieferson Da Costa Estrela, Anderson Rodrigo Da Silva, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:The bovine leather processing (tanning industries) stands as a generating activity of potentially toxic waste. The emission of untreated Effluents into the environment may cause serious harm to human and environmental health. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the possible effects of intake of these Effluents in experimental mammalian models. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the neurobehavioral effects of chronic intake of different Tannery effluent concentrations diluted with water (0.1, 1, and 5%) in male C57BL/6J mice. After 120 days of exposure, the animals were subjected to different behavioral tests, predictive of anxiety (elevated plus maze (EPM), open-field (OF), and neophobia test), depression (forced swim), and memory deficits (object recognition test). From the EPM test, it was observed that the mice exposed to 0.1, 1, and 5% of Tannery Effluents showed higher anxiety scores compared to the animals in the control group. However, the results of this study revealed no differences among the experimental groups in the proportion (percentage) of locomotion in the central quarters/total locomotion calculated (by OF), considered an indirect measure for anxiety. At neophobia test, all the animals exposed to chronic intake of Tannery Effluents showed higher latency time to start eating, which corresponds to an anxiogenic behavior. Regarding the forced swim test, it was observed that the animals exposed to Tannery Effluents had longer time in immobility behavior, suggesting a predictive behavior to depression. Finally, the object recognition test showed that the treatments did not cause damage to the animals’ memory. The recognition rate of the new object did not differ among the experimental groups. Thus, it is concluded that male C57BL/6J mice (inbred strain) exposed to Tannery Effluents have predictive neurobehavioral changes of anxiety and depression, without memory deficit.
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Dermal exposure to Tannery effluent causes neurobehavioral changes in C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice
Chemosphere, 2016Co-Authors: Wellington Alves Mizael Da Silva, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto De Menezes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Bruna De Oliveira Mendes, Raissa De Oliveira Ferreira, Leticia Martins Rabelo, Bianca Costa E Silva, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Abstract Tannery Effluents constitute highly polluting residues, which can cause negative impacts to people’s health and the environment. However, studies that have investigated the effects of the exposure to these xenobiotics on the central nervous system of mammal experimental models are rare, the few that have been published focusing on the exposure via oral intake (ingestion of water containing Tannery effluent concentrations). In this sense, and with the objective of expanding the knowledge beyond the neurotoxic effects observed when water contaminated by these xenobiotics is ingested, the neurobehavioral effects of dermal exposure of male C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice were analyzed. The animals were exposed to raw (wet blue-type) Tannery effluent for two hours during five days, totalizing 15 days of exposure. Afterwards, the animals underwent the elevated plus-maze (predictive of anxiety) and the object recognition tests (identification of memory deficit). Our data show that the dermal exposure to the Tannery effluent caused an anxiogenic behavior in these animals, when compared those that did not have direct contact with these xenobiotics. It was also observed that the animals exposed to the Tannery effluent obtained lower novel object recognition indices, thus evidencing memory deficit and indicating a possible influence of the Tannery effluent constituents in animal cognition. The present study attests the hypothesis that dermal exposure to Tannery Effluents containing neurotoxic substances causes behavioral disorders in C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice.
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Behavioral changes in female Swiss mice exposed to Tannery Effluents
Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science, 2016Co-Authors: Sabrina Ferreira De Almeida, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Raissa De Oliveira Ferreira, Leticia Martins Rabelo, Caio César De Oliveira Pereira, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Among the anthropic activities generating potentially toxic residues are those involved with bovine hide processing (Tannery industries). However, knowledge is scant regarding the damage caused to the health of various organisms by Tannery waste and studies are rare, especially in mammalian experimental models. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the physical and behavioral effects of the exposure of female Swiss mice to Tannery effluent. To accomplish this, for a period of 15 days the animals were fed Tannery effluent diluted with water in the following concentrations: 0% (control group, received only potable water), 5% and 10%. The body mass of the animals was evaluated at the beginning and end of the experiment, as well as the daily consumption of water and food. After 15 days of exposure to the effluent, the animals were submitted to the elevated plus maze (predictive of anxiety) and the forced swim test (predictive of depression). The treatments did not affect the animals' body mass, either in eating behavior or in consumption of water. However, it was found that the animals that ingested Tannery effluent concentrations of 5% and 10% exhibited an anxiolytic (lower level of anxiety, greater percentage of time in the open arms, longer time and frequency in the diving behavior, less time of lurks and less frequency of freezing) and an antidepressant effect (more time in climbing behavior and less time of immobility) when compared to the control group. It was concluded that the exposure of female Swiss mice to Tannery Effluents (5% and 10% diluted with water) causes behavioral changes, possibly related to the neurotoxicity of this waste, without causing physical changes in the animals.
Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Tannery effluent in bullfrog lithobates catesbeianus
Chemosphere, 2017Co-Authors: Mateus Flores Montalvao, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto De Menezes, Andre Luis Da Silva Castro, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Abstract Some of the most polluting activities occur in bovine skin processing. Tannery generates Effluents containing high concentrations of heavy metals and organic compounds. The phases composing the leather production process generate a large volume of Tannery Effluents that are often discarded in aquatic environments without any previous treatment. However, the effect these xenobiotics have on adult representatives belonging to the class Amphibia remains unknown. Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the geno- and cytotoxic effects of Tannery effluent on adult male bullfrogs ( Lithobates castesbeianus ) exposed to it. Accordingly, the animals were divided into the following groups: negative control (Tannery effluent-free water), positive control (cyclophosphamide), and effluent (water added with 5% Tannery effluent). The animals were euthanized for blood collection, and erythrocyte analyses were conducted after 35 and 90 days of exposure. The micronuclei (MN) frequency and the frequency of other nuclear abnormalities in each of the animals in the experimental groups were assessed in 2000 erythrocytes. According to the present results, the exposure to Tannery Effluents increased MN frequency as well as other nuclear abnormalities (i.e., lobed nuclei, binucleated cell, kidney-shaped nuclei, notched nuclei, and apoptotic cell) in the erythrocytes of animals in the effluent group and in the positive control group after 35 and 90 exposure days. Thus, the current study corroborated the hypothesis that the Tannery effluent has aneugenic and clastogenic potential in adult male bullfrogs ( L. castesbeianus ). The present study is the first to report such effect.
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Protective effect of vitamin C in female Swiss mice dermally-exposed to the Tannery effluent
Chemosphere, 2017Co-Authors: Leticia Martins Rabelo, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Bruna De Oliveira Mendes, Boniek G Vaz, Bianca Costa E Silva, Fernanda Neves Estrela, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Previous studies involving the oral exposure of mice to Tannery Effluents have found neurotoxic effects. However, studies about the effects the dermal exposure to pollutant have on the cognitive function of females have not been found in the literature. Thus, the aim of the current study is to investigate whether the dermal exposure of female Swiss mice to Tannery Effluents (2 h/day for 20 days) can cause cognitive impairment, as it was already evidenced in male Swiss mice. Furthermore, based on the administration of vitamin C (before or after the exposure to the xenobiotic), the current study also aims to assess the protective effect of vitamin C in female Swiss mice dermally-exposed to the Tannery effluent. Female Swiss mice exposed to the Tannery effluent (without vitamin supplementation) have shown lower novel object recognition index during the test session of the novel object recognition task, and they have descended significantly faster from the inhibitory avoidance platform when they were compared to mice belonging to the other groups, therefore evidencing memory deficit. However, the test performance of females receiving vitamin C was similar to that of control animals. Thus, the current study confirms the initial hypothesis that the dermal exposure to the pollutant, even for a short period, causes cognitive deficit in female Swiss mice. The herein presented findings also provide evidence that the mechanisms of action of the Tannery effluent in these animals are related to oxidative damages in specific brain regions directed to the formation of short memory to perform aversive and object recognition tasks.
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inbred mice strain shows neurobehavioral changes when exposed to Tannery effluent
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017Co-Authors: Joyce Moreira De Souza, Mateus Flores Montalvao, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Wellington Alves Mizael Da Silva, Bruna De Oliveira Mendes, Dieferson Da Costa Estrela, Anderson Rodrigo Da Silva, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:The bovine leather processing (tanning industries) stands as a generating activity of potentially toxic waste. The emission of untreated Effluents into the environment may cause serious harm to human and environmental health. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the possible effects of intake of these Effluents in experimental mammalian models. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the neurobehavioral effects of chronic intake of different Tannery effluent concentrations diluted with water (0.1, 1, and 5%) in male C57BL/6J mice. After 120 days of exposure, the animals were subjected to different behavioral tests, predictive of anxiety (elevated plus maze (EPM), open-field (OF), and neophobia test), depression (forced swim), and memory deficits (object recognition test). From the EPM test, it was observed that the mice exposed to 0.1, 1, and 5% of Tannery Effluents showed higher anxiety scores compared to the animals in the control group. However, the results of this study revealed no differences among the experimental groups in the proportion (percentage) of locomotion in the central quarters/total locomotion calculated (by OF), considered an indirect measure for anxiety. At neophobia test, all the animals exposed to chronic intake of Tannery Effluents showed higher latency time to start eating, which corresponds to an anxiogenic behavior. Regarding the forced swim test, it was observed that the animals exposed to Tannery Effluents had longer time in immobility behavior, suggesting a predictive behavior to depression. Finally, the object recognition test showed that the treatments did not cause damage to the animals’ memory. The recognition rate of the new object did not differ among the experimental groups. Thus, it is concluded that male C57BL/6J mice (inbred strain) exposed to Tannery Effluents have predictive neurobehavioral changes of anxiety and depression, without memory deficit.
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the c57bl 6j mice offspring originated from a parental generation exposed to Tannery Effluents shows object recognition deficits
Chemosphere, 2016Co-Authors: Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto De Menezes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Wellington Alves Mizael Da Silva, Raissa De Oliveira Ferreira, Leticia Martins Rabelo, Bianca Costa E Silva, Boniek G Vaz, Denys Ribeiro De Oliveira CostaAbstract:The main aim of the present paper is to assess whether the parental generation exposure to such discharges could cause object recognition deficits in their offspring. Male and female C57Bl/6J mice were put to mate after they were exposed to 7.5% and 15% Tannery Effluents or water (control group), for 60 days. The male mice were withdrawn from the boxes after 15 days and the female mice remained exposed to the treatment during the gestation and lactation periods. The offspring were subjected to the object recognition test after weaning in order to assess possible cognition losses. The results of the analysis of the novel object recognition index found in the testing session (performed 1 h after the training session) applied to offspring from different experimental groups appeared to be statistically different. The novel object recognition index of the offspring from female mice exposed to Tannery Effluents (7.5% and 15% groups) was lower than that of the control group, and it demonstrated object recognition deficit in the studied offspring. The present study is the first to report evidences that parental exposure to effluent of Tannery (father and mother) can cause object recognition deficit in the offspring, which is related to problems in the central nervous system.
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Dermal exposure to Tannery effluent causes neurobehavioral changes in C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice
Chemosphere, 2016Co-Authors: Wellington Alves Mizael Da Silva, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto De Menezes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Bruna De Oliveira Mendes, Raissa De Oliveira Ferreira, Leticia Martins Rabelo, Bianca Costa E Silva, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Abstract Tannery Effluents constitute highly polluting residues, which can cause negative impacts to people’s health and the environment. However, studies that have investigated the effects of the exposure to these xenobiotics on the central nervous system of mammal experimental models are rare, the few that have been published focusing on the exposure via oral intake (ingestion of water containing Tannery effluent concentrations). In this sense, and with the objective of expanding the knowledge beyond the neurotoxic effects observed when water contaminated by these xenobiotics is ingested, the neurobehavioral effects of dermal exposure of male C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice were analyzed. The animals were exposed to raw (wet blue-type) Tannery effluent for two hours during five days, totalizing 15 days of exposure. Afterwards, the animals underwent the elevated plus-maze (predictive of anxiety) and the object recognition tests (identification of memory deficit). Our data show that the dermal exposure to the Tannery effluent caused an anxiogenic behavior in these animals, when compared those that did not have direct contact with these xenobiotics. It was also observed that the animals exposed to the Tannery effluent obtained lower novel object recognition indices, thus evidencing memory deficit and indicating a possible influence of the Tannery effluent constituents in animal cognition. The present study attests the hypothesis that dermal exposure to Tannery Effluents containing neurotoxic substances causes behavioral disorders in C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice.
Leticia Martins Rabelo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Protective effect of vitamin C in female Swiss mice dermally-exposed to the Tannery effluent
Chemosphere, 2017Co-Authors: Leticia Martins Rabelo, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Bruna De Oliveira Mendes, Boniek G Vaz, Bianca Costa E Silva, Fernanda Neves Estrela, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Previous studies involving the oral exposure of mice to Tannery Effluents have found neurotoxic effects. However, studies about the effects the dermal exposure to pollutant have on the cognitive function of females have not been found in the literature. Thus, the aim of the current study is to investigate whether the dermal exposure of female Swiss mice to Tannery Effluents (2 h/day for 20 days) can cause cognitive impairment, as it was already evidenced in male Swiss mice. Furthermore, based on the administration of vitamin C (before or after the exposure to the xenobiotic), the current study also aims to assess the protective effect of vitamin C in female Swiss mice dermally-exposed to the Tannery effluent. Female Swiss mice exposed to the Tannery effluent (without vitamin supplementation) have shown lower novel object recognition index during the test session of the novel object recognition task, and they have descended significantly faster from the inhibitory avoidance platform when they were compared to mice belonging to the other groups, therefore evidencing memory deficit. However, the test performance of females receiving vitamin C was similar to that of control animals. Thus, the current study confirms the initial hypothesis that the dermal exposure to the pollutant, even for a short period, causes cognitive deficit in female Swiss mice. The herein presented findings also provide evidence that the mechanisms of action of the Tannery effluent in these animals are related to oxidative damages in specific brain regions directed to the formation of short memory to perform aversive and object recognition tasks.
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the c57bl 6j mice offspring originated from a parental generation exposed to Tannery Effluents shows object recognition deficits
Chemosphere, 2016Co-Authors: Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto De Menezes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Wellington Alves Mizael Da Silva, Raissa De Oliveira Ferreira, Leticia Martins Rabelo, Bianca Costa E Silva, Boniek G Vaz, Denys Ribeiro De Oliveira CostaAbstract:The main aim of the present paper is to assess whether the parental generation exposure to such discharges could cause object recognition deficits in their offspring. Male and female C57Bl/6J mice were put to mate after they were exposed to 7.5% and 15% Tannery Effluents or water (control group), for 60 days. The male mice were withdrawn from the boxes after 15 days and the female mice remained exposed to the treatment during the gestation and lactation periods. The offspring were subjected to the object recognition test after weaning in order to assess possible cognition losses. The results of the analysis of the novel object recognition index found in the testing session (performed 1 h after the training session) applied to offspring from different experimental groups appeared to be statistically different. The novel object recognition index of the offspring from female mice exposed to Tannery Effluents (7.5% and 15% groups) was lower than that of the control group, and it demonstrated object recognition deficit in the studied offspring. The present study is the first to report evidences that parental exposure to effluent of Tannery (father and mother) can cause object recognition deficit in the offspring, which is related to problems in the central nervous system.
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Dermal exposure to Tannery effluent causes neurobehavioral changes in C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice
Chemosphere, 2016Co-Authors: Wellington Alves Mizael Da Silva, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto De Menezes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Bruna De Oliveira Mendes, Raissa De Oliveira Ferreira, Leticia Martins Rabelo, Bianca Costa E Silva, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Abstract Tannery Effluents constitute highly polluting residues, which can cause negative impacts to people’s health and the environment. However, studies that have investigated the effects of the exposure to these xenobiotics on the central nervous system of mammal experimental models are rare, the few that have been published focusing on the exposure via oral intake (ingestion of water containing Tannery effluent concentrations). In this sense, and with the objective of expanding the knowledge beyond the neurotoxic effects observed when water contaminated by these xenobiotics is ingested, the neurobehavioral effects of dermal exposure of male C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice were analyzed. The animals were exposed to raw (wet blue-type) Tannery effluent for two hours during five days, totalizing 15 days of exposure. Afterwards, the animals underwent the elevated plus-maze (predictive of anxiety) and the object recognition tests (identification of memory deficit). Our data show that the dermal exposure to the Tannery effluent caused an anxiogenic behavior in these animals, when compared those that did not have direct contact with these xenobiotics. It was also observed that the animals exposed to the Tannery effluent obtained lower novel object recognition indices, thus evidencing memory deficit and indicating a possible influence of the Tannery effluent constituents in animal cognition. The present study attests the hypothesis that dermal exposure to Tannery Effluents containing neurotoxic substances causes behavioral disorders in C57Bl/6J and Swiss mice.
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Behavioral changes in female Swiss mice exposed to Tannery Effluents
Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science, 2016Co-Authors: Sabrina Ferreira De Almeida, Joyce Moreira De Souza, Abraao Tiago Batista Guimaraes, Aline Sueli De Lima Rodrigues, Raissa De Oliveira Ferreira, Leticia Martins Rabelo, Caio César De Oliveira Pereira, Guilherme MalafaiaAbstract:Among the anthropic activities generating potentially toxic residues are those involved with bovine hide processing (Tannery industries). However, knowledge is scant regarding the damage caused to the health of various organisms by Tannery waste and studies are rare, especially in mammalian experimental models. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the physical and behavioral effects of the exposure of female Swiss mice to Tannery effluent. To accomplish this, for a period of 15 days the animals were fed Tannery effluent diluted with water in the following concentrations: 0% (control group, received only potable water), 5% and 10%. The body mass of the animals was evaluated at the beginning and end of the experiment, as well as the daily consumption of water and food. After 15 days of exposure to the effluent, the animals were submitted to the elevated plus maze (predictive of anxiety) and the forced swim test (predictive of depression). The treatments did not affect the animals' body mass, either in eating behavior or in consumption of water. However, it was found that the animals that ingested Tannery effluent concentrations of 5% and 10% exhibited an anxiolytic (lower level of anxiety, greater percentage of time in the open arms, longer time and frequency in the diving behavior, less time of lurks and less frequency of freezing) and an antidepressant effect (more time in climbing behavior and less time of immobility) when compared to the control group. It was concluded that the exposure of female Swiss mice to Tannery Effluents (5% and 10% diluted with water) causes behavioral changes, possibly related to the neurotoxicity of this waste, without causing physical changes in the animals.
Jane Zoppas Ferreira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of photoelectrochemical electrodialysis treatment for the recovery and reuse of water from Tannery Effluents
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2008Co-Authors: Marco Antonio Siqueira Rodrigues, Franco Dani Rico Amado, J L N Xavier, K F Streit, Andrea Moura Bernardes, Jane Zoppas FerreiraAbstract:Abstract The conventional Tannery Effluents treatment is not established in order to obtain water in such a quality, that it could be reused in the same process. This study was carried out in order to evaluate the electrochemical treatment of Tannery Effluents. The photoelectrochemical oxidation and the electrodialysis were applied in these Effluents. The obtained results indicated a remarkable removal efficiency of more than 98.5% for all ion species present in Effluents. It is noticeable that the effluent treated with combined PEO–ED techniques presents very similar values for the same parameter as the ones presented by normal feed water.
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Application of photoelectrochemical–electrodialysis treatment for the recovery and reuse of water from Tannery Effluents
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2008Co-Authors: Marco Antonio Siqueira Rodrigues, Franco Dani Rico Amado, J L N Xavier, K F Streit, Andrea Moura Bernardes, Jane Zoppas FerreiraAbstract:Abstract The conventional Tannery Effluents treatment is not established in order to obtain water in such a quality, that it could be reused in the same process. This study was carried out in order to evaluate the electrochemical treatment of Tannery Effluents. The photoelectrochemical oxidation and the electrodialysis were applied in these Effluents. The obtained results indicated a remarkable removal efficiency of more than 98.5% for all ion species present in Effluents. It is noticeable that the effluent treated with combined PEO–ED techniques presents very similar values for the same parameter as the ones presented by normal feed water.
M Jaffar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multivariate analysis of trace metal levels in Tannery Effluents in relation to soil and water a case study from peshawar pakistan
Journal of Environmental Management, 2006Co-Authors: Saadia R Tariq, Munir H Shah, N Shaheen, A Khalique, S Manzoor, M JaffarAbstract:Tannery Effluents and relevant ground water and soil samples collected from various tanning industries of Peshawar were analyzed for Na, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn by the AAS method. The metal concentration data for the three media are reported in terms of basic statistical parameters, metal-to-metal correlations and linear regression analyses. Metal distributions in the three media were quite divergent and showed non-normal distributions with high standard deviation and skewness parameters. Sodium exhibited the highest mean levels of 1,277mg/L, 881mg/L and 12,912mg/kg in the effluent, ground water and soil samples, respectively. Among other metals, Cr concentrations were 410mg/L, 0.145mg/L, 100mg/kg and Ca, 278mg/L, 64.8mg/L, and 2,285mg/kg in the effluent, ground water and soil samples, respectively. Some significant correlations were observed between effluent and soils in terms of Na, Cr, Ni, Co and Pb. The ground water-soil interrelationship suggested that Na levels in the soil and ground water were significantly correlated with each other (r=0.486, P<0.01). Similarly, Cr in the soil is strongly correlated with Ca in ground water (r=0.486, P<0.01). These results were duly supported by the linear regression analysis of data. The source identification studies conducted using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) evidenced that ground water and soil were being contaminated by the toxic metals emanating from the Tannery Effluents.
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multivariate analysis of selected metals in Tannery Effluents and related soil
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2005Co-Authors: Saadia R Tariq, Munir H Shah, N Shaheen, A Khalique, S Manzoor, M JaffarAbstract:Effluent and relevant soil samples from 38 tanning units housed in Kasur, Pakistan, were obtained for metal analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. The levels of 12 metals, Na, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in the two media. The data were evaluated towards metal distribution and metal-to-metal correlations. The study evidenced enhanced levels of Cr (391, 16.7 mg/L) and Na (25,519, 9369 mg/L) in Tannery Effluents and relevant soil samples, respectively. The effluent versus soil trace metal content relationship confirmed that the effluent Cr was strongly correlated with soil Cr. For metal source identification the techniques of principal component analysis, and cluster analysis were applied. The principal component analysis yielded two factors for Effluents: factor 1 (49.6% variance) showed significant loading for Ca, Fe, Mn, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn, referring to a tanning related source for these metals, and factor 2 (12.6% variance) with higher loadings of Na, K, Mg and Co, was associated with the processes during the skin/hide treatment. Similarly, two factors with a cumulative variance of 34.8% were obtained for soil samples: factor 1 manifested the contribution from Mg, Mn, Co, Cd, Ni and Pb, which though soil-based is basically effluent-derived, while factor 2 was found associated with Na, K, Ca, Cr and Zn which referred to a Tannery-based source. The dendograms obtained from cluster analysis, also support the observed results. The study exhibits a gross pollution of soils with Cr at levels far exceeding the stipulated safe limit laid down for Tannery Effluents.
