The Experts below are selected from a list of 36 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jacques Martal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Rôles des facteurs antiviraux cellulaires et de l’interleukine-6 dans les propriétés anti-VIH de l’IFN-Tau dans des macrophages humains
Pathologie Biologie, 2008Co-Authors: Benjamin Maneglier, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Jacques Martal, Dominique Dormont, Christine Rogez-kreuz, P. Devillier, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-Tau) was shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro more strongly than human IFN-alpha, particularly in human macrophages. IFN-Tau efficiently inhibited the early steps of HIV biological cycle, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. In this study, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of IFN-Tau were explored in human macrophages. We found that IFN-Tau increased the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors, such as 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein. These results suggested that IFN-Tau induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs. We found that IFN-Tau increased the production of interleukins (IL)-10 and IL-6, but not of IL-1ss or TNF-alpha, in not infected and in in vitro HIV-1/Ba-L-infected macrophages. We also found that the neutralization of IL-6 biological activity in the cell culture supernatants of IFN-Tau-treated macrophages led to a decrease in the antiretroviral effects of IFN-Tau towards HIV RNA. In conclusion, anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau are mediated by several modes of action, mediated either directly by IFN-Tau or via other cytokines, such as IL-6, also known to be induced by IFN-alpha.
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Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of Tau Interferon in human macrophages: Involvement of cellular factors and β-chemokines
Journal of virology, 2003Co-Authors: Christine Rogez, Marc Martin, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Jacques Martal, Dominique Dormont, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-τ) is a noncytotoxic type I IFN responsible for maternal recognition of the fetus in ruminants. IFN-τ inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication more strongly than human IFN-α, particularly in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In this study performed in human macrophages, IFN-τ efficiently inhibited the early steps of the biological cycle of HIV, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. Two mechanisms induced by IFN-τ treatment in macrophages may account for this inhibition: (i) the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors such as 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein and (ii) an increased production of MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES, which are natural ligands of CCR5, the principal coreceptor of HIV on macrophages. Our results suggest that IFN-τ induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs but without associated toxicity.
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Immuno–endocrine interactions in early pregnancy
Human Reproduction, 1995Co-Authors: Gérard Chaouat, Jacques Martal, Elisabeth Menu, G. Delage, Jean Francois Moreau, Lakshmi Khrishnan, Lin Hui, Aines Assal Meliani, Raj Raghupathy, Christophe LelaidierAbstract:First we recall briefly the status of inflammatory cytokines in the early implantation period. We then describe the status of leukaemia inhibiting factor (LIF) production in an in-vitro, relatively short-term, human decidual explant culture system. We show that in most infertile women with recurrent implantation failure following successful in-vitro fertilization, LIF production is statistically much lower than normal. Other parameters of LIF production in vitro are summarized briefly, and the effects of RU486 are shown. The T H 2 status of normal pregnancy is described, together with the production of T H 2 cytokines by decidua and placenta. These cytokines are deficient in the CBAXDBA/2 model of murine spontaneous early pregnancy loss. The defect can be corrected by alloimmunization, and more importantly by the injection of Tau Interferon. The significance of these data for early pregnancy signalling is discussed.
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A single intrauterine infusion of sustained recombinant ovine Interferon-τ extends corpus luteum lifespan in cyclic ewes
Theriogenology, 1995Co-Authors: R.m. L'haridon, L. Huynh, N.e. Assal, Jacques MartalAbstract:Abstract Delivery carriers were developped to permit sustained release of recombinant ovine Tau-Interferon (roIFN-τ) to increase corpus luteum (CL) lifespan in cyclic ewes following a single intrauterine administration on Day 10 post estrus. A single infusion with 1.7mg roIFN-τ covalently bound to carboxymethyl biogel agarose (carbodiimide coupling) significantly increased the interestrus interval (P 0.05). These results are consistent with previous data from experiments performed with daily intrauterine infusion of soluble, native or recombinant oIFN-τ. In addition, because CL maintenance requires only a single administration, these methods are efficient and simple to use since they avoid animal catheterization and allow for reduced injection frequency. Moreover, they may permit the use of smaller amounts of IFN. It is concluded that the use of oIFN-τ sustained in some delivery systems may allow for the development of an experimental sheep pseudopregnancy model.
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In vivo immunosuppressive effects of recombinant ovine Interferon-Tau (trophoblastin): r.oTP (r.oIFN-Tau) inhibits local GVH reaction in mice (PLN assay), prevents fetal resorptions, and favors embryo survival and implantation in the CBA/J x DBA/2 mi
American journal of reproductive immunology (New York N.Y. : 1989), 1995Co-Authors: Aines Assal-meliani, Jacques Martal, Radoslav Kinsky, Gérard ChaouatAbstract:PROBLEM: Ovine trophoblastin protein, be it natural or recombinant (oTP, r.oTP), a member of the Tau Interferon family (r.oIFN-τ), has been shown to possess immunosuppressive properties in vitro. It acts as a cytostatic agent across species. Indeed, it was immunosuppressive when tested on human and murine lymphocytes in a variety of in vitro immune assays, as it is also on syngenic (ovine) lymphocytes. METHODS: In the present paper, we first verified that this property to act across species also occurred in vivo assays; r.oTP was able to down regulate a local GVH reaction assay (PLN assay) in mice. We then took advantage of these properties of r.oTP to investigate its in vivo effects during murine pregnancy as there is no ovine equivalent of the murine CBA/ J × DBA/2 resorption prone mating combination. RESULTS: When given in the postimplantation period, r.oTP drastically boosted resorptions in the CBA/J × DBA/2 matings, as did murine recombinant gamma Interferon. However, the same r.oTP treatment in the peri-implantation period resulted in a reduction in resorptions in this spontaneous abortion system. CONCLUSION: The data suggested that r.oTP might have acted more by favouring implantation and embryo survival than by preventing the resorption process itself. The mechanisms possibly underlying these effects, as well as the putative uses of r.oTP evolving from these data, are discussed.
Gérard Chaouat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Immuno–endocrine interactions in early pregnancy
Human Reproduction, 1995Co-Authors: Gérard Chaouat, Jacques Martal, Elisabeth Menu, G. Delage, Jean Francois Moreau, Lakshmi Khrishnan, Lin Hui, Aines Assal Meliani, Raj Raghupathy, Christophe LelaidierAbstract:First we recall briefly the status of inflammatory cytokines in the early implantation period. We then describe the status of leukaemia inhibiting factor (LIF) production in an in-vitro, relatively short-term, human decidual explant culture system. We show that in most infertile women with recurrent implantation failure following successful in-vitro fertilization, LIF production is statistically much lower than normal. Other parameters of LIF production in vitro are summarized briefly, and the effects of RU486 are shown. The T H 2 status of normal pregnancy is described, together with the production of T H 2 cytokines by decidua and placenta. These cytokines are deficient in the CBAXDBA/2 model of murine spontaneous early pregnancy loss. The defect can be corrected by alloimmunization, and more importantly by the injection of Tau Interferon. The significance of these data for early pregnancy signalling is discussed.
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Immuno-endocrine interactions in early pregnancy.
Human reproduction (Oxford England), 1995Co-Authors: Gérard Chaouat, Elisabeth Menu, G. Delage, Jean Francois Moreau, Lakshmi Khrishnan, Lin Hui, Aines Assal Meliani, Raj Raghupathy, J Martal, Christophe LelaidierAbstract:First we recall briefly the status of inflammatory cytokines in the early implantation period. We then describe the status of leukaemia inhibiting factor (LIF) production in an in-vitro, relatively short-term, human decidual explant culture system. We show that in most infertile women with recurrent implantation failure following successful in-vitro fertilization, LIF production is statistically much lower than normal. Other parameters of LIF production in vitro are summarized briefly, and the effects of RU486 are shown. The TH2 status of normal pregnancy is described, together with the production of TH2 cytokines by decidua and placenta. These cytokines are deficient in the CBAXDBA/2 model of murine spontaneous early pregnancy loss. The defect can be corrected by alloimmunization, and more importantly by the injection of Tau Interferon. The significance of these data for early pregnancy signalling is discussed.
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In vivo immunosuppressive effects of recombinant ovine Interferon-Tau (trophoblastin): r.oTP (r.oIFN-Tau) inhibits local GVH reaction in mice (PLN assay), prevents fetal resorptions, and favors embryo survival and implantation in the CBA/J x DBA/2 mi
American journal of reproductive immunology (New York N.Y. : 1989), 1995Co-Authors: Aines Assal-meliani, Jacques Martal, Radoslav Kinsky, Gérard ChaouatAbstract:PROBLEM: Ovine trophoblastin protein, be it natural or recombinant (oTP, r.oTP), a member of the Tau Interferon family (r.oIFN-τ), has been shown to possess immunosuppressive properties in vitro. It acts as a cytostatic agent across species. Indeed, it was immunosuppressive when tested on human and murine lymphocytes in a variety of in vitro immune assays, as it is also on syngenic (ovine) lymphocytes. METHODS: In the present paper, we first verified that this property to act across species also occurred in vivo assays; r.oTP was able to down regulate a local GVH reaction assay (PLN assay) in mice. We then took advantage of these properties of r.oTP to investigate its in vivo effects during murine pregnancy as there is no ovine equivalent of the murine CBA/ J × DBA/2 resorption prone mating combination. RESULTS: When given in the postimplantation period, r.oTP drastically boosted resorptions in the CBA/J × DBA/2 matings, as did murine recombinant gamma Interferon. However, the same r.oTP treatment in the peri-implantation period resulted in a reduction in resorptions in this spontaneous abortion system. CONCLUSION: The data suggested that r.oTP might have acted more by favouring implantation and embryo survival than by preventing the resorption process itself. The mechanisms possibly underlying these effects, as well as the putative uses of r.oTP evolving from these data, are discussed.
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Recombinant ovine trophoblastin (roTP) inhibits ovine, murine and human lymphocyte proliferation
Journal of reproductive immunology, 1993Co-Authors: Aines Assal-meliani, Jacques Martal, Giles Charpigny, Pierrette Reinaud, Gérard ChaouatAbstract:Abstract Ovine trophoblastic protein (oTP) is a 20-kDa embryonic secretory product constitutively secreted by ovine conceptus trophoblast from days 12–22 of pregnancy. Amino acid sequencing as well as molecular cloning revealed it to bear structural analogies with Interferons of the class 2 alpha subfamily, defining the Tau Interferon group. It is endowed with classical Interferon-like biological activities. Recombinant ovine trophoblastin (roTP), produced by genetic engineering, was purified by anion exchange HPLC to a high degree of homogeneity (98%). It behaved in immunodetection and antiviral activity assays like the natural form. We show here that when assayed on PHA-driven murine, human, and ovine (sheep) lymphocyte proliferation, roTP is immunosuppressive. It also inhibits unidirectional and bidirectional murine and human mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLRs). Since natural oTP possesses (at least) 5 isoforms, we also assayed these for immunosuppressive activities. All of them inhibited PHA-driven human and ovine lymphoblastogenesis. Finally, CD4+ and CD8+ ovine T cell selection was performed by panning. In contrast with earlier observations assaying roTP activity on human lymphocytes, both ovine CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets were sensitive to roTP in a PHA-driven proliferation assay. It is therefore suggested that trophoblast Interferons might have a strategic function in preventing early embryonic demise by immunologic rejection, at least in ovine species.
Pascal Clayette - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau in human macrophages: role of cellular antiviral factors and interleukin-6
Pathologie-biologie, 2008Co-Authors: Benjamin Maneglier, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Dominique Dormont, J Martal, Christine Rogez-kreuz, P. Devillier, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-Tau) was shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro more strongly than human IFN-alpha, particularly in human macrophages. IFN-Tau efficiently inhibited the early steps of HIV biological cycle, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. In this study, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of IFN-Tau were explored in human macrophages. We found that IFN-Tau increased the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors, such as 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein. These results suggested that IFN-Tau induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs. We found that IFN-Tau increased the production of interleukins (IL)-10 and IL-6, but not of IL-1ss or TNF-alpha, in not infected and in in vitro HIV-1/Ba-L-infected macrophages. We also found that the neutralization of IL-6 biological activity in the cell culture supernatants of IFN-Tau-treated macrophages led to a decrease in the antiretroviral effects of IFN-Tau towards HIV RNA. In conclusion, anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau are mediated by several modes of action, mediated either directly by IFN-Tau or via other cytokines, such as IL-6, also known to be induced by IFN-alpha.
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Rôles des facteurs antiviraux cellulaires et de l’interleukine-6 dans les propriétés anti-VIH de l’IFN-Tau dans des macrophages humains
Pathologie Biologie, 2008Co-Authors: Benjamin Maneglier, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Jacques Martal, Dominique Dormont, Christine Rogez-kreuz, P. Devillier, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-Tau) was shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro more strongly than human IFN-alpha, particularly in human macrophages. IFN-Tau efficiently inhibited the early steps of HIV biological cycle, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. In this study, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of IFN-Tau were explored in human macrophages. We found that IFN-Tau increased the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors, such as 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein. These results suggested that IFN-Tau induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs. We found that IFN-Tau increased the production of interleukins (IL)-10 and IL-6, but not of IL-1ss or TNF-alpha, in not infected and in in vitro HIV-1/Ba-L-infected macrophages. We also found that the neutralization of IL-6 biological activity in the cell culture supernatants of IFN-Tau-treated macrophages led to a decrease in the antiretroviral effects of IFN-Tau towards HIV RNA. In conclusion, anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau are mediated by several modes of action, mediated either directly by IFN-Tau or via other cytokines, such as IL-6, also known to be induced by IFN-alpha.
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Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of Tau Interferon in human macrophages: Involvement of cellular factors and β-chemokines
Journal of virology, 2003Co-Authors: Christine Rogez, Marc Martin, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Jacques Martal, Dominique Dormont, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-τ) is a noncytotoxic type I IFN responsible for maternal recognition of the fetus in ruminants. IFN-τ inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication more strongly than human IFN-α, particularly in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In this study performed in human macrophages, IFN-τ efficiently inhibited the early steps of the biological cycle of HIV, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. Two mechanisms induced by IFN-τ treatment in macrophages may account for this inhibition: (i) the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors such as 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein and (ii) an increased production of MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES, which are natural ligands of CCR5, the principal coreceptor of HIV on macrophages. Our results suggest that IFN-τ induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs but without associated toxicity.
Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau in human macrophages: role of cellular antiviral factors and interleukin-6
Pathologie-biologie, 2008Co-Authors: Benjamin Maneglier, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Dominique Dormont, J Martal, Christine Rogez-kreuz, P. Devillier, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-Tau) was shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro more strongly than human IFN-alpha, particularly in human macrophages. IFN-Tau efficiently inhibited the early steps of HIV biological cycle, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. In this study, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of IFN-Tau were explored in human macrophages. We found that IFN-Tau increased the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors, such as 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein. These results suggested that IFN-Tau induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs. We found that IFN-Tau increased the production of interleukins (IL)-10 and IL-6, but not of IL-1ss or TNF-alpha, in not infected and in in vitro HIV-1/Ba-L-infected macrophages. We also found that the neutralization of IL-6 biological activity in the cell culture supernatants of IFN-Tau-treated macrophages led to a decrease in the antiretroviral effects of IFN-Tau towards HIV RNA. In conclusion, anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau are mediated by several modes of action, mediated either directly by IFN-Tau or via other cytokines, such as IL-6, also known to be induced by IFN-alpha.
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Rôles des facteurs antiviraux cellulaires et de l’interleukine-6 dans les propriétés anti-VIH de l’IFN-Tau dans des macrophages humains
Pathologie Biologie, 2008Co-Authors: Benjamin Maneglier, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Jacques Martal, Dominique Dormont, Christine Rogez-kreuz, P. Devillier, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-Tau) was shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro more strongly than human IFN-alpha, particularly in human macrophages. IFN-Tau efficiently inhibited the early steps of HIV biological cycle, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. In this study, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of IFN-Tau were explored in human macrophages. We found that IFN-Tau increased the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors, such as 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein. These results suggested that IFN-Tau induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs. We found that IFN-Tau increased the production of interleukins (IL)-10 and IL-6, but not of IL-1ss or TNF-alpha, in not infected and in in vitro HIV-1/Ba-L-infected macrophages. We also found that the neutralization of IL-6 biological activity in the cell culture supernatants of IFN-Tau-treated macrophages led to a decrease in the antiretroviral effects of IFN-Tau towards HIV RNA. In conclusion, anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau are mediated by several modes of action, mediated either directly by IFN-Tau or via other cytokines, such as IL-6, also known to be induced by IFN-alpha.
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Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of Tau Interferon in human macrophages: Involvement of cellular factors and β-chemokines
Journal of virology, 2003Co-Authors: Christine Rogez, Marc Martin, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Jacques Martal, Dominique Dormont, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-τ) is a noncytotoxic type I IFN responsible for maternal recognition of the fetus in ruminants. IFN-τ inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication more strongly than human IFN-α, particularly in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In this study performed in human macrophages, IFN-τ efficiently inhibited the early steps of the biological cycle of HIV, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. Two mechanisms induced by IFN-τ treatment in macrophages may account for this inhibition: (i) the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors such as 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein and (ii) an increased production of MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES, which are natural ligands of CCR5, the principal coreceptor of HIV on macrophages. Our results suggest that IFN-τ induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs but without associated toxicity.
Dominique Dormont - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau in human macrophages: role of cellular antiviral factors and interleukin-6
Pathologie-biologie, 2008Co-Authors: Benjamin Maneglier, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Dominique Dormont, J Martal, Christine Rogez-kreuz, P. Devillier, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-Tau) was shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro more strongly than human IFN-alpha, particularly in human macrophages. IFN-Tau efficiently inhibited the early steps of HIV biological cycle, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. In this study, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of IFN-Tau were explored in human macrophages. We found that IFN-Tau increased the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors, such as 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein. These results suggested that IFN-Tau induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs. We found that IFN-Tau increased the production of interleukins (IL)-10 and IL-6, but not of IL-1ss or TNF-alpha, in not infected and in in vitro HIV-1/Ba-L-infected macrophages. We also found that the neutralization of IL-6 biological activity in the cell culture supernatants of IFN-Tau-treated macrophages led to a decrease in the antiretroviral effects of IFN-Tau towards HIV RNA. In conclusion, anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau are mediated by several modes of action, mediated either directly by IFN-Tau or via other cytokines, such as IL-6, also known to be induced by IFN-alpha.
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Rôles des facteurs antiviraux cellulaires et de l’interleukine-6 dans les propriétés anti-VIH de l’IFN-Tau dans des macrophages humains
Pathologie Biologie, 2008Co-Authors: Benjamin Maneglier, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Jacques Martal, Dominique Dormont, Christine Rogez-kreuz, P. Devillier, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-Tau) was shown to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro more strongly than human IFN-alpha, particularly in human macrophages. IFN-Tau efficiently inhibited the early steps of HIV biological cycle, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. In this study, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of IFN-Tau were explored in human macrophages. We found that IFN-Tau increased the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors, such as 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein. These results suggested that IFN-Tau induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs. We found that IFN-Tau increased the production of interleukins (IL)-10 and IL-6, but not of IL-1ss or TNF-alpha, in not infected and in in vitro HIV-1/Ba-L-infected macrophages. We also found that the neutralization of IL-6 biological activity in the cell culture supernatants of IFN-Tau-treated macrophages led to a decrease in the antiretroviral effects of IFN-Tau towards HIV RNA. In conclusion, anti-HIV effects of IFN-Tau are mediated by several modes of action, mediated either directly by IFN-Tau or via other cytokines, such as IL-6, also known to be induced by IFN-alpha.
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Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of Tau Interferon in human macrophages: Involvement of cellular factors and β-chemokines
Journal of virology, 2003Co-Authors: Christine Rogez, Marc Martin, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Jacques Martal, Dominique Dormont, Pascal ClayetteAbstract:Tau Interferon (IFN-τ) is a noncytotoxic type I IFN responsible for maternal recognition of the fetus in ruminants. IFN-τ inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication more strongly than human IFN-α, particularly in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In this study performed in human macrophages, IFN-τ efficiently inhibited the early steps of the biological cycle of HIV, decreasing intracellular HIV RNA and inhibiting the initiation of the reverse transcription of viral RNA into proviral DNA. Two mechanisms induced by IFN-τ treatment in macrophages may account for this inhibition: (i) the synthesis of the cellular antiviral factors such as 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase/RNase L and MxA protein and (ii) an increased production of MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES, which are natural ligands of CCR5, the principal coreceptor of HIV on macrophages. Our results suggest that IFN-τ induces the same antiviral pathways in macrophages as other type I IFNs but without associated toxicity.
