The Experts below are selected from a list of 126636 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Aonghus Mcnabola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modelling the impacts of a carbon emission differentiated vehicle Tax System on co2 emissions intensity from new vehicle purchases in ireland
Energy Policy, 2009Co-Authors: S Giblin, Aonghus McnabolaAbstract:The increasing awareness of the effects of climate change on the environment and the economic pressure on oil supply has focused international attention on reducing CO2 emissions and energy usage across all sectors. In order to meet their Kyoto protocol commitments and in line with European Union policy, the Irish government has introduced a carbon-based Tax System for new vehicles purchased from the 1st of July 2008. This new legislation aims to reduce carbon emissions in the transport sector, a sector which is responsible for a significant proportion of both. This paper presents the results of the development, calibration, and application of a car choice model which predicts the changes in CO2 emissions intensity from new vehicle purchases as a result of the changes in vehicle Tax policy and fuel price in Ireland. The model also predicts the impact of such changes on Tax revenue for the Irish government and the changes in the split between the number of diesel and petrol vehicles purchased. The investigation found that the introduction of these new carbon-based Taxes in Ireland will result in a reduction of 3.6-3.8% in CO2 emissions intensity and a reduction in annual Tax revenue of [euro]191M.
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modelling the impacts of a carbon emission differentiated vehicle Tax System on co2 emissions intensity from new vehicle purchases in ireland
Energy Policy, 2009Co-Authors: S Giblin, Aonghus McnabolaAbstract:Abstract The increasing awareness of the effects of climate change on the environment and the economic pressure on oil supply has focused international attention on reducing CO 2 emissions and energy usage across all sectors. In order to meet their Kyoto protocol commitments and in line with European Union policy, the Irish government has introduced a carbon-based Tax System for new vehicles purchased from the 1st of July 2008. This new legislation aims to reduce carbon emissions in the transport sector, a sector which is responsible for a significant proportion of both. This paper presents the results of the development, calibration, and application of a car choice model which predicts the changes in CO 2 emissions intensity from new vehicle purchases as a result of the changes in vehicle Tax policy and fuel price in Ireland. The model also predicts the impact of such changes on Tax revenue for the Irish government and the changes in the split between the number of diesel and petrol vehicles purchased. The investigation found that the introduction of these new carbon-based Taxes in Ireland will result in a reduction of 3.6–3.8% in CO 2 emissions intensity and a reduction in annual Tax revenue of €191 M.
Linda A Myers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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home country Tax System characteristics and corporate Tax avoidance international evidence
Social Science Research Network, 2012Co-Authors: T J Atwood, Michael S Drake, James N Myers, Linda A MyersAbstract:We examine whether three Tax System characteristics – required book-Tax conformity, worldwide versus territorial approach, and perceived strength of enforcement – impact corporate Tax avoidance across countries after controlling for firm-specific factors previously shown to be associated with Tax avoidance (i.e., performance, size, operating costs, leverage, growth, the presence of multinational operations, and industry) and for other cross-country factors (i.e., statutory corporate Tax rates, earnings volatility, and institutional factors). We find that, on average, firms avoid Taxes less when required book-Tax conformity is higher, a worldwide approach is used, and Tax enforcement is perceived to be stronger. However, the relations between Tax avoidance and all three Tax Systems characteristics are contextual and depend on the extent to which management compensation comes from variable pay, including bonuses, stock awards, and stock options.
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home country Tax System characteristics and corporate Tax avoidance international evidence
The Accounting Review, 2012Co-Authors: T J Atwood, Michael S Drake, James N Myers, Linda A MyersAbstract:ABSTRACT: We examine whether three Tax System characteristics—required book-Tax conformity, worldwide versus territorial approach, and perceived strength of enforcement—impact corporate Tax avoidance across countries after controlling for firm-specific factors previously shown to be associated with Tax avoidance (i.e., performance, size, operating costs, leverage, growth, the presence of multinational operations, and industry) and for other cross-country factors (i.e., statutory corporate Tax rates, earnings volatility, and institutional factors). We find that, on average, firms avoid Taxes less when required book-Tax conformity is higher, a worldwide approach is used, and Tax enforcement is perceived to be stronger. However, the relations between Tax avoidance and all three Tax Systems characteristics are contextual and depend on the extent to which management compensation comes from variable pay, including bonuses, stock awards, and stock options. Data Availability: Data are available from sources ident...
Emmanuel Saez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How progressive is the US federal Tax System? A historical and international perspective
Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2007Co-Authors: Thomas Piketty, Emmanuel SaezAbstract:This paper provides estimates of federal Tax rates by income groups in the United States since 1960, with special emphasis on very top income groups. We include individual and corporate income Taxes, payroll Taxes, and estate and gift Taxes. The progressivity of the U.S. federal Tax System at the top of the income distribution has declined dramatically since the 1960s. This dramatic drop in progressivity is due primarily to a drop in corporate Taxes and in estate and gift Taxes combined with a sharp change in the composition of top incomes away from capital income and toward labor income. The sharp drop in statutory top marginal individual income Tax rates has contributed only moderately to the decline in Tax progressivity. International comparisons confirm that is it critical to take into account other Taxes than the individual income Tax to properly assess the extent of overall Tax progressivity, both for time trends and for cross-country comparisons. The pattern for the United Kingdom is similar to the U.S. pattern. France had less progressive Taxes than the United States or the United Kingdom in 1970 but has experienced an increase in Tax progressivity and has now a more progressive Tax System than the United States or the United Kingdom.
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how progressive is the u s federal Tax System a historical and international perspective
Social Science Research Network, 2006Co-Authors: Thomas Piketty, Emmanuel SaezAbstract:This paper provides estimates of federal Tax rates by income groups in the United States since 1960, with special emphasis on very top income groups. We include individual and corporate income Taxes, payroll Taxes, and estate and gift Taxes. The progressivity of the U.S. federal Tax System at the top of the income distribution has declined dramatically since the 1960s. This dramatic drop in progressivity is due primarily to a drop in corporate Taxes and in estate and gift Taxes combined with a sharp change in the composition of top incomes away from capital income and toward labor income. The sharp drop in statutory top marginal individual income Tax rates has contributed only moderately to the decline in Tax progressivity. International comparisons confirm that is it critical to take into account other Taxes than the individual income Tax to properly assess the extent of overall Tax progressivity, both for time trends and for cross-country comparisons. The pattern for the United Kingdom is similar to the US pattern. France had less progressive Taxes than the US or UK in 1970 but has experienced an increase in Tax progressivity and has now a more progressive Tax System than the US or the UK.
S Giblin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modelling the impacts of a carbon emission differentiated vehicle Tax System on co2 emissions intensity from new vehicle purchases in ireland
Energy Policy, 2009Co-Authors: S Giblin, Aonghus McnabolaAbstract:The increasing awareness of the effects of climate change on the environment and the economic pressure on oil supply has focused international attention on reducing CO2 emissions and energy usage across all sectors. In order to meet their Kyoto protocol commitments and in line with European Union policy, the Irish government has introduced a carbon-based Tax System for new vehicles purchased from the 1st of July 2008. This new legislation aims to reduce carbon emissions in the transport sector, a sector which is responsible for a significant proportion of both. This paper presents the results of the development, calibration, and application of a car choice model which predicts the changes in CO2 emissions intensity from new vehicle purchases as a result of the changes in vehicle Tax policy and fuel price in Ireland. The model also predicts the impact of such changes on Tax revenue for the Irish government and the changes in the split between the number of diesel and petrol vehicles purchased. The investigation found that the introduction of these new carbon-based Taxes in Ireland will result in a reduction of 3.6-3.8% in CO2 emissions intensity and a reduction in annual Tax revenue of [euro]191M.
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modelling the impacts of a carbon emission differentiated vehicle Tax System on co2 emissions intensity from new vehicle purchases in ireland
Energy Policy, 2009Co-Authors: S Giblin, Aonghus McnabolaAbstract:Abstract The increasing awareness of the effects of climate change on the environment and the economic pressure on oil supply has focused international attention on reducing CO 2 emissions and energy usage across all sectors. In order to meet their Kyoto protocol commitments and in line with European Union policy, the Irish government has introduced a carbon-based Tax System for new vehicles purchased from the 1st of July 2008. This new legislation aims to reduce carbon emissions in the transport sector, a sector which is responsible for a significant proportion of both. This paper presents the results of the development, calibration, and application of a car choice model which predicts the changes in CO 2 emissions intensity from new vehicle purchases as a result of the changes in vehicle Tax policy and fuel price in Ireland. The model also predicts the impact of such changes on Tax revenue for the Irish government and the changes in the split between the number of diesel and petrol vehicles purchased. The investigation found that the introduction of these new carbon-based Taxes in Ireland will result in a reduction of 3.6–3.8% in CO 2 emissions intensity and a reduction in annual Tax revenue of €191 M.
Michael Theobald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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insider ownership and dividend policy in an imputation Tax environment
Journal of Corporate Finance, 2017Co-Authors: Balasingham Balachandran, Arifur Khan, Paul R Mather, Michael TheobaldAbstract:Abstract Firms are more likely to pay dividends with higher payout ratios in an imputation environment. The effects of profitability and earned/contributed capital mix on the decision to pay dividends and dividend payout are weaker for firms following imputation Tax System than traditional Tax System. Insider ownership is positively related to the decision to pay dividends and dividend payout and this effect does not vary between traditional and imputation Tax Systems. Firms with higher foreign institutional ownership are less likely to pay dividends and have lower payout ratios. The study demonstrates the significance of the imputation Tax System upon dividend policy.
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insider ownership and dividend policy in an imputation Tax environment
Social Science Research Network, 2017Co-Authors: Balasingham Balachandran, Arifur Khan, Paul R Mather, Michael TheobaldAbstract:Firms are more likely to pay dividends with higher payout ratios in an imputation environment. Insider ownership is positively related to the decision to pay dividends and dividend payout irrespective of imputation credits available. Firms with higher foreign institutional ownership are less likely to pay dividends. The impact of profitability and earned/contributed capital mix on the decision to pay dividends is stronger for firms following a traditional Tax System, while the impact on profitability on dividend payout is stronger for firms within an imputation Tax System. The study demonstrates the significance of the imputation Tax System upon dividend policy.
