The Experts below are selected from a list of 18801 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Robert C Harriss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental factors influencing the variability of methane oxidation in Temperate Zone soils
Journal of Geophysical Research, 1995Co-Authors: P M Czepiel, Patrick M Crill, Robert C HarrissAbstract:The influence of organic matter and soil moisture on the spatial distribution of methane (CH4) oxidation was examined in Temperate Zone soils by laboratory incubations. CH4 oxidation in soil cores exhibited distinct vertical zonation with maxima at 3 to 6 cm. The kinetic parameters of CH4 oxidation were measured in soil composites. The maximum rate of CH4 uptake, Vmax, ranged from 6.8 to 7.4 nmol hr−1 g dry soil−1 and the apparent half saturation constant, Km, ranged from 17.4 to 19.9 (parts per million by volume) ppmv. Oxidation in random samples was observed to be influenced by both soil moisture and organic matter contents. The rate of oxidation in each sample increased to a maximum with increasing water content and decreased with additional water. Maximum oxidation rates ranged from 2.2 to 9.0 nmol hr−1 g dry soil−1 at sample moisture contents of 18 to 51%. Organic matter content appears to explain the spatial variability of methane oxidation at optimal soil moisture contents. The oxidation maximum at this site was coincident with an organic matter content of 14% by weight and a gravimetric moisture content of 33%.
Kaiming Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular data and ecological niche modeling reveal population dynamics of widespread shrub forsythia suspensa oleaceae in china s warm Temperate Zone in response to climate change during the pleistocene
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Kaiming ZhangAbstract:Despite its high number of endemic deciduous broad-leaved species in China’s warm-Temperate Zone, far less attention has been paid to phylogeographic studies in this region. In this work, the phylogeographic history of Forsythia suspensa endemic to China’s warm-Temperate Zone was investigated to explore the effect of climate change during the Pleistocene on the distribution of this deciduous broad-leaved species in China. The cpDNA data revealed seven phylogeographical groups corresponding to geographical regions. By contrast, the nrDNA data supported the samples clustered into three groups, which was inconsistent with separate geographical regions supported by cpDNA data. Ecological niche modeling showed that the climatically suitable area during the cold period was larger than that during the warm period. Both molecular data and ecological niche modeling indicated that F. suspensa expanded to nearby low-elevation plains in the glacial periods, and retreated to mountaintops during interglacial warmer stages. This study thus supported that F. suspensa persisted in situ during the glacial of the Pleistocene with enlarged distribution area, contrary to the hypothesis of long distance southward migration or large-scale range contraction.
Koutný Marek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occurrence and analysis of thermophilic poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)-degrading microorganisms in Temperate Zone soils
'MDPI AG', 2020Co-Authors: Šerá Jana, Kadlečková Markéta, Fayyazbakhsh Ahmad, Kučabová Veronika, Koutný MarekAbstract:The ubiquity and character of thermophilic poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-degrading microorganisms in soils were investigated and compared to the process in an industrial composting plant. PBAT degraders were sought in 41 Temperate Zone soils. No mesophilic degraders were found by the employed method, but roughly 102 colony-forming units (CFUs) of thermophilic degraders per gram of soil were found in nine soils, and after an enrichment procedure, the PBAT-degrading consortia were isolated from 30 out of 41 soils. Thermophilic actinomycetes, Thermobispora bispora in particular, together with bacilli proved to be the key constituents of the isolated and characterized PBAT-degrading consortia, with bacilli comprising from about 30% to over 90% of the retrieved sequences. It was also shown that only consortia containing both constituents were able to decompose PBAT. For comparison, a PBAT film together with two types of PBAT/starch films were subjected to biodegradation in compost and the degrading microorganisms were analyzed. Bacilli and actinobacteria were again the most common species identified on pure PBAT film, especially at the beginning of biodegradation. Later, the composition of the consortia on all three tested materials became very similar and more diverse. Since waste containing PBAT-based materials is often intended to end up in composting plants, this study increases our confidence that thermophilic PBAT degraders are rather broadly present in the environment and the degradation of the material during the composting process should not be limited by the absence of specific microorganisms. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
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Occurrence and analysis of thermophilic poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)-degrading microorganisms in Temperate Zone soils
'MDPI AG', 2020Co-Authors: Šerá Jana, Kadlečková Markéta, Fayyazbakhsh Ahmad, Kučabová Veronika, Koutný MarekAbstract:The ubiquity and character of thermophilic poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-degrading microorganisms in soils were investigated and compared to the process in an industrial composting plant. PBAT degraders were sought in 41 Temperate Zone soils. No mesophilic degraders were found by the employed method, but roughly 102 colony-forming units (CFUs) of thermophilic degraders per gram of soil were found in nine soils, and after an enrichment procedure, the PBAT-degrading consortia were isolated from 30 out of 41 soils. Thermophilic actinomycetes, Thermobispora bispora in particular, together with bacilli proved to be the key constituents of the isolated and characterized PBAT-degrading consortia, with bacilli comprising from about 30% to over 90% of the retrieved sequences. It was also shown that only consortia containing both constituents were able to decompose PBAT. For comparison, a PBAT film together with two types of PBAT/starch films were subjected to biodegradation in compost and the degrading microorganisms were analyzed. Bacilli and actinobacteria were again the most common species identified on pure PBAT film, especially at the beginning of biodegradation. Later, the composition of the consortia on all three tested materials became very similar and more diverse. Since waste containing PBAT-based materials is often intended to end up in composting plants, this study increases our confidence that thermophilic PBAT degraders are rather broadly present in the environment and the degradation of the material during the composting process should not be limited by the absence of specific microorganisms. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Internal Grant of Tomas Bata University in Zlin [IGA/FT/2020/005, IGA/FT/2020/009
Ping Shi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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urban spring phenology in the middle Temperate Zone of china dynamics and influence factors
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2016Co-Authors: Shouzhen Liang, Ping ShiAbstract:Urbanization and its resultant urban heat island provide a means for evaluating the impact of climate warming on vegetation phenology. To predict the possible response of vegetation phenology to rise of temperature, it is necessary to investigate factors influencing vegetation phenology in different climate Zones. The start of growing season (SOS) in seven cities located in the middle Temperate humid, semi-humid, semi-arid, and arid climate Zones in China was extracted based on satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data. The dynamics of urban SOS from 2000 to 2009 and the correlations between urban SOS and land surface temperatures (LST), precipitation, and sunshine duration, respectively, were analyzed. The results showed that there were no obvious change trends for urban SOS, and the heat island induced by urbanization can make SOS earlier in urban areas than that in adjacent rural areas. And the impact of altitude on SOS was also not negligible in regions with obvious altitude difference between urban and adjacent rural areas. Precipitation and temperature were two main natural factors influencing urban SOS in the middle Temperate Zone, but their impacts varied with climate Zones. Only in Harbin city with lower sunshine duration in spring, sunshine duration had more significant impact than temperature and precipitation. Interference of human activities on urban vegetation was non-negligible, which can lower the dependence of urban SOS on natural climatic factors.
P M Czepiel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental factors influencing the variability of methane oxidation in Temperate Zone soils
Journal of Geophysical Research, 1995Co-Authors: P M Czepiel, Patrick M Crill, Robert C HarrissAbstract:The influence of organic matter and soil moisture on the spatial distribution of methane (CH4) oxidation was examined in Temperate Zone soils by laboratory incubations. CH4 oxidation in soil cores exhibited distinct vertical zonation with maxima at 3 to 6 cm. The kinetic parameters of CH4 oxidation were measured in soil composites. The maximum rate of CH4 uptake, Vmax, ranged from 6.8 to 7.4 nmol hr−1 g dry soil−1 and the apparent half saturation constant, Km, ranged from 17.4 to 19.9 (parts per million by volume) ppmv. Oxidation in random samples was observed to be influenced by both soil moisture and organic matter contents. The rate of oxidation in each sample increased to a maximum with increasing water content and decreased with additional water. Maximum oxidation rates ranged from 2.2 to 9.0 nmol hr−1 g dry soil−1 at sample moisture contents of 18 to 51%. Organic matter content appears to explain the spatial variability of methane oxidation at optimal soil moisture contents. The oxidation maximum at this site was coincident with an organic matter content of 14% by weight and a gravimetric moisture content of 33%.
