The Experts below are selected from a list of 148983 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Saumen Kumar Maitra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Temporal Relationship between the daily profiles of gut melatonin oxidative status and major digestive enzymes in carp catla catla
    Biological Rhythm Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Palash Kumar Pal, Kazi Nurul Hasan, Saumen Kumar Maitra
    Abstract:

    AbstractThe present study demonstrated a Temporal Relationship between the concentrations of melatonin, oxidative status and digestive physiology in the gut of a tropical carp Catla catla. We measured the levels of gut melatonin, malondialdehyde (MDA) – a faithful marker of intracellular stress, different antioxidants and major digestive enzymes in the carp gut at four different clock hours in a daily cycle under natural photo-thermal conditions. A correlation between the gut variables was sought to point their possible functional Relationship. Gut melatonin titers displayed significant diurnal variations with a peak at midday. An identical Temporal pattern with the highest value at midday and nadir at midnight was noted in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. In contrast, levels of MDA and reduced glutathione (GSH) were highest at midnight and lowest at midday. The activity of all the studied digestive enzymes (α-amylase, cellulase, protease and lipase) showed sign...

  • daily and seasonal profiles of gut melatonin and their Temporal Relationship with pineal and serum melatonin in carp catla catla under natural photo thermal conditions
    Biological Rhythm Research, 2014
    Co-Authors: Sourav Mukherjee, Mahammed Moniruzzaman, Saumen Kumar Maitra
    Abstract:

    A Temporal Relationship between the daily and seasonal profiles of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) in three different parts of gut, pineal, and serum as well as the density of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) protein, the key regulator of melatoninergic pathway in the pineal and respective regions of gut has been sought in a tropical carp Catla catla under natural photo-thermal conditions. The tissue samples were collected at four different clock hours in a daily cycle and the same was repeated in four different seasons in an annual cycle. In a daily cycle, concentrations of melatonin as well as the band intensity of a ∼23 kDa AANAT protein in each segment of gut, irrespective of sampling months, exhibited a peak at midday, while both the variables in the pineal and melatonin in serum showed a peak either in late dark phase (in March) or at midnight (in the remaining seasons). The simple correlation coefficient analysis of values revealed a negative correlation between the melatoninergi...

  • Temporal Relationship between the circulating profiles of melatonin and ovarian steroids under natural photo thermal conditions in an annual reproductive cycle in carp catla catla
    Biological Rhythm Research, 2009
    Co-Authors: Asamanja Chattoraj, Mohua Seth, Anupam Basu, Tulsidas G Shrivastav, S Porta, Saumen Kumar Maitra
    Abstract:

    A Temporal Relationship between the serum profiles of pineal-hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) and two major ovarian steroids, i.e., 17-β estradiol (E2) and 17α, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α, 20β DHP) or maturation inducing hormone (MIH), has been sought for the first time in any free-living teleost. The study was carried under natural conditions in a carp Catla catla following collection of blood samples at different time-points in a diurnal cycle during each of the four distinct reproductive phases in an annual cycle. The levels of melatonin and the steroids were measured following specific RIA and ELISA techniques, respectively. A time-bound change in the serum melatonin was noted in a 24 h cycle, though the pattern of fluctuations was not identical throughout the reproductive cycle. Melatonin reached its peak during the mid-night in each reproductive phase, other than the preparatory phase (January–March) when the diurnal peak value was recorded in the late dark phase. In an annua...

Cedric B Chesnais - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the Temporal Relationship between onchocerciasis and epilepsy a population based cohort study
    Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2018
    Co-Authors: Cedric B Chesnais, Hugues C Nanadjeunga, Alfred K Njamnshi, Cedric G Lenounanga, Charlotte Boulle, Annececile Zoungkanyi Bissek, Joseph Kamgno, Robert Colebunders
    Abstract:

    Summary Background Many studies have suggested that onchocerciasis might be associated with epilepsy. Therefore, we did a cohort study to assess the incidence of epilepsy relative to Onchocerca volvulus skin microfilarial density (MFD) measured during childhood and to assess the possibility of a Temporal Relationship. Methods During onchocerciasis surveys undertaken in 25 villages in Cameroon during 1991–93, we measured MFD in individuals aged 5 years or older. In 2017, we revisited seven of these villages. With a standardised five-item questionnaire, we collected information on the occurrence of epilepsy in 856 individuals who were aged 5–10 years in 1991–93, and had MFD determined during the original surveys. We did multivariable analyses to assess the overall incidence and incidence ratios taking into account age, sex, individual MFD in 1991–93, and onchocerciasis endemicity level in the village. Findings In 2017, we obtained data on the history of epilepsy for 85% (729 of 856) of individuals. Among these individuals, we classified 60 as being suspected cases of epilepsy. The overall incidence of epilepsy was 350 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 270–450). The adjusted incidence ratio for developing epilepsy was 7·07 (95% CI 0·98–51·26; p=0·0530) in individuals with initial MFD of one to five microfilariae per skin snip (mf per snip), 11·26 (2·73–46·43) in individuals with six to 20 mf per snip, 12·90 (4·40–37·83) in individuals with 21–50 mf per snip, 20·00 (3·71–108·00) in individuals with 51–100 mf per snip, 22·58 (3·21–158·56) in individuals with 101–200 mf per snip, and 28·50 (95% CI 3·84–211·27; p=0·0010) in individuals with more than 200 mf per snip, compared with that of individuals without detectable densities of skin microfilariae. Interpretation Individual O volvulus MFD in childhood was associated with the risk of either seizures or epilepsy in an onchocerciasis focus in Cameroon. This Temporal Relationship suggests a potential causal link between onchocerciasis and epilepsy. Funding European Research Council, NSETHIO Project.

Steven T Dekosky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the Temporal Relationship between depressive symptoms and dementia a community based prospective study
    Archives of General Psychiatry, 1999
    Co-Authors: Peijun Chen, Mary Ganguli, Benoit H Mulsant, Steven T Dekosky
    Abstract:

    Background The Temporal Relationship between the appearance of depressive symptoms and the clinical onset of dementia and Alzheimer disease was evaluated in a community sample. Methods An original sample of 1366 subjects aged 65 years or older, selected randomly from a rural Pennsylvania community, was cognitively screened at study entry and every 2 years thereafter. A subset of 954 survivors of this cohort without dementia was screened for depressive symptoms at the second and subsequent data-collection waves. A "depression cluster" was identified by the presence of 5 or more depressive symptoms, including depressed mood, at the time of screening. Cognitively impaired subjects and a sample of unimpaired controls underwent standardized clinical evaluation to determine the presence of incident dementia (by DSM-III-R criteria) and probable or possible Alzheimer disease (by criteria of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association) and to estimate the clinical onset of dementia symptoms. Results A highly increased probability of the depression cluster developing existed among subjects following the onset of dementia (15.4% [6/39]) and Alzheimer disease (17.6% [6/34]) compared with subjects without dementia (3.2% [23/712]). The odds ratios, after adjustment for age, sex, education level, and self-reported memory loss, for the development of depression were 6.5 (95% confidence interval, 2.2-19.1) in subjects with Alzheimer disease and 5.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.8-15.2) in subjects with overall dementia. Depressive symptoms did not confer a significantly increased relative risk of dementia (1.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-2.93) or Alzheimer disease (1.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-3.20). Conclusion Depressive symptoms appeared to be early manifestations, rather than predictors, of Alzheimer disease in this community sample.

Christopher Kaishun Leung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • optic nerve head deformation in glaucoma the Temporal Relationship between optic nerve head surface depression and retinal nerve fiber layer thinning
    Ophthalmology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Robert N Weinreb, Christopher Kaishun Leung
    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the Temporal Relationship between optic nerve head (ONH) surface depression and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning measured by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (CSLO) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), respectively, during the course of glaucoma progression. Design Prospective, longitudinal study. Participants A total of 146 eyes of 90 patients with glaucoma and 70 normal eyes of 35 healthy individuals followed for an average of 5.4 years (range, 48.0–76.6 months). Methods Eyes were imaged by CSLO (Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph [HRT]; Heidelberg Engineering, GmbH, Dossenheim, Germany) and SD-OCT (Cirrus HD-OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Dublin, CA) at approximately 4-month intervals for measurement of ONH surface topography and RNFL thickness, respectively. Significant ONH surface depression and RNFL thinning were defined with reference to Topographic Change Analysis (TCA) with HRT and Guided Progression Analysis (GPA) with Cirrus HD-OCT, respectively. The survival probabilities were compared with a Cox proportional hazards model. Main Outcome Measures Number of eyes with progressive ONH and RNFL changes and the sequence of changes. Results A total of 3238 OCT and 3238 CSLO images obtained in the same follow-up visits were analyzed. At a specificity of 94.3% (4 eyes showed ONH surface depression and 4 eyes showed RNFL thinning in the normal group), 57 eyes (39.0%) had ONH surface depression, 46 eyes (31.5%) had RNFL thinning, and 23 eyes (15.8%) had evidence of both in the glaucoma group. Among these 23 eyes, 19 (82.6%) had ONH surface depression detected before RNFL thinning, with a median lag time of 15.8 months (range, 4.0–40.8 months). Although only 7.0% of eyes (4/57) had RNFL thinning at the onset of ONH surface depression, 45.7% (21/46) had ONH surface depression at the onset of RNFL thinning. The survival probability of eyes with ONH surface depression was significantly worse than eyes with RNFL thinning ( P  = 0.002). Conclusions With reference to the HRT TCA and OCT GPA, ONH surface depression occurred before RNFL thinning in a significant proportion of patients with glaucoma. A time window for therapeutic intervention may exist on detection of ONH surface depression before there is observable RNFL thinning in glaucoma.

Margaret M Redfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Temporal Relationship and prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction a community based study
    Circulation, 2013
    Co-Authors: Rosita Zakeri, Alanna M Chamberlain, Veronique L Roger, Margaret M Redfield
    Abstract:

    Background—In patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), atrial fibrillation (AF) may predate, concur with, or develop after HFpEF diagnosis. We sought to define the Temporal Relationship between AF and HFpEF, to identify factors associated with AF, and to determine the prognostic impact of prevalent and incident AF in HFpEF. Method and Results—From 1983 to 2010, 939 Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents (age, 77±12 years; 61% female) newly diagnosed with HFpEF (EF ≥0.50) were evaluated. Baseline rhythm classification included prior AF (>3 months before HFpEF diagnosis), concurrent AF (±3 months), or sinus rhythm. Incident AF (>3 months after HFpEF diagnosis) and all-cause mortality were ascertained through February 2012. Prior AF (29%) and concurrent AF (23%) were associated with older age, higher brain-type natriuretic peptide, and larger left atrial volume index at HFpEF diagnosis compared with sinus rhythm. Of HFpEF patients in sinus rhythm at diagnosis, 32% developed AF over ...