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M C Menkiti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative assessment of chemically modified Terminalia catappa L. kernel oil samples – A promising ecofriendly transformer fluid
Industrial Crops and Products, 2019Co-Authors: C M Agu, M C Menkiti, Joseph T. Nwabanne, Okechukwu Dominic OnukwuliAbstract:Abstract This work is centered on the chemical modification and characterization of Terminalia catappa kernel oil (TCKO) for possible use as replacement for mineral transformer fluid. Solvent extraction method was used for the extraction of TCKO. Transesterification and epoxidation-esterification methods were used for the modification of the TCKO. The physicochemical characteristics of the TCKO and Modified Terminalia catappa kernel oil (MTCKO) were determined using standard methods. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC), were respectively, used to determine the functional groups, surface morphology and oxidative stability of TCKO and MTCKO samples. At 55 °C, 150 min and 0.5 mm particle size, kernel oil yield was 60.45% (by weight). The dielectric strength of MTCKO obtained by transesterification and epoxidation-esterification methods were 48.55 KV and 50.05 KV, respectively. The ANOVA and the Tukey’s post hoc analyses indicated that time, mole ratio and temperature effects were significant for the transesterification process; while time, molar ratio of H2O2 and temperature effects were significant for the epoxidation process. Physicochemical properties of TCKO and MTCKO samples indicated their potential for use as transformer fluid.
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Effects of natural antioxidants on the essential properties of modified Terminalia catappa L. kernel oil: a possible substitute for mineral oil transformer fluid
Biofuels, 2017Co-Authors: C M Agu, M C MenkitiAbstract:This work focuses on the modification of solvent-extracted Terminalia catappa L. kernel oil (TCKO) using the methods of direct purification and transesterification. Selected physicochemical propert...
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chemically improved Terminalia catappa l oil a possible renewable substitute for conventional mineral transformer oil
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 2017Co-Authors: M C Menkiti, C M Agu, P M Ejikeme, O E OnyelucheyaAbstract:Abstract This work focuses on the chemical modification and characterization of Terminalia catappa kernel oil (TCKO) for possible use as substitute for mineral transformer oil. The TCKO was extracted by solvent extraction method. Direct purification and transesterification methods were individually applied for the modification of the kernel oil. Modified Terminalia catappa kernel oil (MTCKO) and TCKO characteristics were determined using standard methods. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry was used to determine the prevalent functional groups in the MTCKO samples. At process conditions of 55 °C, 150 min and 0.5 mm particle size, kernel oil yield was 60.45% (by weight). For MTCKO blended with antioxidant (Acetic acid AA, Citric acid CA), dielectric strength of 46.36 kV and 48.55 kV were obtained when direct purification and transesterification methods were, respectively, used. The ANOVA and the Tukey’s post hoc analyses indicated that time and particle size effects were significant while temperature was not. Physicochemical properties of TCKO and MTCKO indicated its potential for use as transformer fluid.
Prawit Nuengmatcha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticlesusing Aqueous Terminalia catappa Leaf Extracts as Novel Reducing Agent
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Paweena Porrawatkul, Rungnapa Pimsen, Saksit Chanthai, Prawit NuengmatchaAbstract:In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized from aqueous Terminalia catappa leaf extract that acts as a novel reducing agent. Various parameters, including pH, temperature and reaction time, were determined. The UV-visible spectra showed the main peak at 416 nm, which was the characteristic surface plasmon resonance of AgNPs. The spherical shape and particle size of 49 ± 0.01 nm were observed from SEM, TEM and laser particle size analysis (LPSA). FTIR spectra of the leaf extract exhibited the characteristic functional groups that should be responsible for Ag+ ion reduction. The EDX spectrum proved that the obtained sample is silver. The antioxidant activity of AgNPs treated with the leaf extract as determined by the DPPH assay was higher compared to that of Terminalia catappa leaf extract, and the treated AgNP sample exhibited high antibacterial potential against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Mohamad Deraman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Pre-carbonization Time on the Properties of Terminalia catappa Fruit Shells-based Activated Carbon by Microwave Assisted KOH Activation
Applied Science and Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Awitdrus, Rakhmawati Farma, Iwantono, Ayu Maryani, Mohamad DeramanAbstract:Activated carbons (ACs) had successfully been made from Terminalia catappa fruit shells with variation of carbonization times and KOH assisted microwave activation. The carbonization times were varied for 2 hours, 3 hours and 4 hours, and then activated with ratio of mass of pre-carbonized and KOH of 2:1. The aim of this research was to study the characteristics of Terminalia catappa fruit shells as ACs that were represented by yield, surface morphology, microstructures, surface area, and methylene blue adsorption. The yield of ACs was decreased with increasing of pre-carbonization time. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that all the activated carbons were in semicrystalline, with the presence of narrow peaks of 002 and 100 at 2q around of 22 o and 41 o , respectively. The best of BET surface area of AC resulted from the carbonization time of 3 hours was 303 m 2 /g. This surface area generated the highest methylene blue adsorption of 135.38 mg/g.
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Effect of microwave irradiation time on the physical properties of Terminalia catappa fruit shells-based activated carbon
2017Co-Authors: Awitdrus, Al Annur, Rakhmawati Farma, Iwantono, Mohamad DeramanAbstract:Activated carbon (AC) from Terminalia catappa fruit shells has been produced through microwave irradiation assisted chemical activation. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) was used as activating agent with ratio of mass percentage of pre-carbonized of Terminalia catappa fruit shells and KOH of 2:1. The AC was irradiated using microwave with the output power of 630 Watt and different irradiation time of 15, 20, and 25 minutes. The physical properties of ACs i.e. microstructures, surface morphology, and BET surface area were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm, respectively. Interlayer spacing d002 and d100, and stack width La increased, and stack height Lc decreased with increasing irradiation time. The N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm data of the ACs showed the BET surface area of 365 and 300 m2/g for AC15 and AC25, respectively.
P. Brindha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In Vitro Anti Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities on Fruits of Terminalia catappa L.
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: C. Sivaranjani, P. Venkatalakshmi, P. BrindhaAbstract:The present study was designed to evaluate the anti inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of Terminalia catappa fruits. Various concentrations of the extract revealed potent anti inflammatory activity which was assessed through the RBC membrane stabilization, percentage inhibition of protein denaturation and percentage inhibition of proteinase. The anti inflammatory activity of the extract was compared with a standard analgesic Aspirin. The extract also exhibited a dose dependent DPPH radical scavenging and Lipid peroxide scavenging activities.
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ANTI BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF Terminalia catappa L.BARK AGAINST SOME BACTERIAL PATHOGENS
2015Co-Authors: R. Sangavi, P. Venkatalakshmi, P. BrindhaAbstract:The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti bacterial activities of the aqueous, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts of Terminalia catappa bark against some pathogenic bacteria. Anti bacterial activity was assessed by agar disc diffusion method. Among the three extracts, aqueous extract exhibited potent antibacterial activity against all the selected bacterial pathogens even at minimum conceentration. The activity of the extracts was compared with a standard antibiotic Ciprofloxacin. The extracts exhibited the growth
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IN -VITRO ANTI OXIDANT AND ANTITUMOR STUDIES ON Terminalia catappa BARK
2014Co-Authors: P. Venkatalakshmi, P. Brindha, K. IndujaAbstract:Plant research has been intensified worldwide in the recent times. A large number of medicinal plants and their purified constituents were proved to have immense therapeutic potentials and have been reported to exhibit antioxidant activity. In this study, attempts are made to evaluate the antioxidant and antitumor potentials of aqueous extract of Terminalia catappa bark. The anti tumor study was carried out against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cell line. In-Vitro antioxidant activity was investigated using DPPH assay, superoxide anion scavenging assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging and metal ion chelating assays. For assessing In-vitro antitumor activity, cytotoxicity of the extract against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell line was studied using Trypan blue dye exclusion method and MTT assay. The results of the present study clearly depicted that aqueous extract of Terminalia catappa bark has potent antioxidant and antitumor activities.
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ANALYTICAL AND CHEMICAL STANDARDISATION STUDIES ON Terminalia catappa BARK
2014Co-Authors: P. Venkatalakshmi, P. BrindhaAbstract:Since century’s traditional medicines has become an integral part of the human society. In the last few decades there has been an exponential growth in the field of phytotherapeutics. Lack of standardization and validation reduces the international recognition and market potentials of herbal medicines. In the recent years considerable research has been focused towards the standardization and validation aspects. In the present study, attempts are made to evaluate chemical standards for Terminalia catappa bark which has been reported to possess activities like anticancer, anti-HIV reverse transcriptase, hepato-protective, anti-inflammatory, anti hepatitis, anti diabetic and aphrodisiac activity. The aqueous extract of the bark is subjected to physicochemical and phytochemical standardization studies. Identification of active principles is achieved through analytical standardization techniques such as HPTLC finger printing and GC-MS analysis. The data of the results obtained will be presented and discussed. Such studies will give valuable insights regarding the production of standard herbal products and also increase their market potentials,
Anita Kotwani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC EFFECT OF Terminalia catappa FRUIT EXTRACT IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017Co-Authors: Tapan Behl, Anita KotwaniAbstract:Objective: To explore the anti-hyperglycemic effect of fruit extract of Terminalia catappa (Indian almond), a potential medicine from plant origin in a diabetic rat model. Methods: Streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetic rat model was utilized in the study. Three doses of test drug, hydro-alcoholic fruit extract of Terminalia catappa in 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg and a standard anti-diabetic drug, glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) was used. The study had a total of nine groups with eight animals in each group. Drugs were given orally every day for 12 w. Blood glucose, body weight and urine volume were measured weekly, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was estimated at 12 th week in all groups. Data for all parameters were analyzed using one-way ANOVA repeated measures followed by Mann-Whitney test. Results: Hydro-alcoholic fruit extract of T. catappa significantly decreased blood glucose, urine volume and increased body weight in a dose-dependent manner in diabetic rats. At 12 th week, blood glucose level in control, diabetic control, glibenclamide, T. catappa (40 mg/kg) group was 96.25±2.05 mg/dl, 599.75±0.25 mg/dl, 248.25±11.45 mg/dl, 115.00±3.78 mg/dl respectively. Effect of T. catappa in 30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg dose was significantly more than glibenclamide. At 12 th week, HbA1c level in control, diabetic control, glibenclamide, T. catappa (40 mg/kg) was 2.94±0.33 mmol/l, 4.94±0.49 mmol/l, 3.61±0.28 mmol/l, 3.21±0.27 mmol/l. Treatment with T. catappa 30 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg and glibenclamide brought back the level of HbA1c to normal levels. The addition of glibenclamide to T. catappa (40 mg/kg) did not produce any additional effect on blood glucose and HbA1c levels compared to the effect of T. catappa (40 mg/kg) in diabetic rats. Conclusion: Terminalia catappa fruit extract exhibited a significant anti-hyperglycemic effect in diabetic rats and has a great potential to be used in diabetes.
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Proposed mechanisms of Terminalia catappa in hyperglycaemia and associated diabetic complications.
The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2016Co-Authors: Tapan Behl, Anita KotwaniAbstract:Objectives Terminalia catappa has shown potent antidiabetic activity in the past; however, the exact molecular mechanisms by which it acts have not been elucidated. This review aims at exploring several hypotheses which have been proposed to explain its mechanism of action, including reduction in oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, lipid profile correction and direct hypoglycaemic actions. Methods A thorough review of all the articles, research as well as reviews, available regarding the concerned topic was performed. MEDLINE databases were searched using keywords (and their combinations), such as T. catappa, renin oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, diabetic retinopathy, α-glucosidase and α-amylase, among several others. English-language articles were preferably selected. Key findings Apart from metabolic dysfunctions, several hyperglycaemia-induced pathological conditions come into scene as the after-effects of diabetes. These mainly include inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis and lipid profile alteration, which ultimately result in vascular endothelial dysfunction, hepatic steatosis, lipid peroxidation and apoptosis of endothelial, hepatic and neuronal cells. Terminalia catappa effectively attenuates the progression of diabetic retinopathy and shows significant hypoglycaemic actions. The mechanisms behind these effects were explained. Conclusion Terminalia catappa may provide an effective natural product to treat hyperglycaemia and prevent subsequent diabetic complications.