The Experts below are selected from a list of 114 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Thierry Guérin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Human health risks related to the consumption of foodstuffs of plant and animal origin produced on a site polluted by chemical munitions of the First World War
Science of the Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Sébastien Gorecki, Fabrice Nesslany, Daniel Hube, Jean-ulrich Mullot, Paule Vasseur, Eric Marchioni, Valérie Camel, Laurent Noel, Bruno Le Bizec, Thierry GuérinAbstract:Shells fired during World War I exhibited different explosive compounds and some of these weapons also contained a wide variety of chemical warfare agents. At the end of the war, for safety purposes, the large quantity of weapons remaining on the former front needed to be dismantled and destroyed. A large amount of the remaining shells was destroyed in specific sites which led to the contamination of the surroundings in Belgium and France. In the 1920s, 1.5 million chemical shells and 30,000 explosive shells were destroyed in a place close to the city of Verdun, in the East of France. In this paper, the risk for human health related to the consumption of foodstuffs produced on this site was assessed. To this end, food products of plant and animal origin were sampled in 2015-2016 and contaminant analyses were conducted. Human exposure was assessed using a specifically built methodology. The contaminants considered in this study were trace elements (TEs - primarily Zn, As, Pb and Cd), nitroaromatic explosives (trinitrotoluene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene, 2-amino-4,6-dinitroluene and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene), phenylarsenic compounds including diphenylarsinic acid and triphenylarsine, perchlorate, tetrabromoethane and vinyl bromide. Depending on the compound, different approaches were used to assess the risk for both adults and children. Exposure to these contaminants through the consumption of foodstuffs produced locally on the considered site was unlikely to be a health concern. However, as for inorganic arsenic, given the presence of highly contaminated zones, it was suggested that cereals should not be grown on certain plots.
S Rhodes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the use of mass depletion mass flux reduction relationships during pumping to determine source zone mass of a reactive brominated solvent dnapl
Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2013Co-Authors: C D Johnston, Greg B Davis, Trevor P Bastow, Michael D Annable, Michael G Trefry, A J Furness, Y Geste, Robert J Woodbury, S RhodesAbstract:Abstract Mass depletion–mass flux relationships usually applied to a groundwater plume were established at field scale for groundwater pumped from within the source zone of a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL). These were used as part of multiple lines of evidence in establishing the DNAPL source mass and architecture. Simplified source mass-dissolved concentration models including those described by exponential, power, and error functions as well as a rational mass equation based on the equilibrium stream tube approach were fitted to data from 285 days of source zone pumping (SZP) from a single well which removed 152 kg of dissolved organics from a multi-component, reactive brominated solvent DNAPL. The total molar concentration of the source compound, tetrabromoethane and its daughter products was used as a single measure of contaminant concentration to relate to source mass. A partitioning inter-well tracer test (PITT) conducted prior to the SZP provided estimates of groundwater travel times, enabling parameterisation of the models. After accounting for capture of the down-gradient dissolved plume, all models provided a good fit to the observed data. It was shown that differentiation between models would only emerge after appreciably more pumping from the source zone. The model fits were not particularly sensitive to the exponent parameters and variance of groundwater travel time. In addition, the multi-component nature of the DNAPL did not seem to affect the utility of the models for the period examined. Estimates of the DNAPL mass prior to the start of SZP from the models were greatest where the log of the variance of travel time was used explicitly in the source depletion models (mean 295 kg) compared to where the associated power exponent and variance was fitted freely (mean 258 kg). The estimates of source mass were close to that of 220 kg determined from the PITT. In addition to the PITT, multi-level groundwater sampling from within the source zone provided important supporting information for developing the conceptual model of the source zone. It is concluded that SZP may be an effective and relatively simple means for characterising DNAPL source zones.
-
laboratory testing of temperature increases surfactants and co solvents as options to enhance dissolution in a brominated solvent source zone
IAHS-AISH publication, 2011Co-Authors: G B Davis, C D Johnston, Trevor P Bastow, Michael D Annable, Y Geste, Robert J Woodbury, Bradley M Patterson, P S C Rao, S RhodesAbstract:Enhanced dissolution from a brominated-solvent, DNAPL (dense non-aqueous phase liquid) source zone at a site in Western Australia was identified as a potentially feasible strategy to reduce the net flux in a groundwater plume exiting the site. Laboratory testing of increased temperatures, and addition of selected surfactants and co-solvents was undertaken to see which would maximise the solubilisation of the DNAPL tetrabromoethane (TBA) and yet limit enhanced DNAPL mobility (assessed by reductions in interfacial tension ― IFT). Increased temperatures and addition of surfactants showed only modest increases in soluble TBA up to 5000 mg L -1 , with often dramatic reductions in IFT to zero. Co-solvents increased TBA solubilisation concentrations up to 144 000 mg L -1 . Ethanol was chosen for subsequent testing due to its enhanced solubilisation of TBA, up to 87 000 mg L at 50% ethanol, and limited reduction in IFT (7.3 mN m -1 ). Ethanol also has cost, environmental and safety advantages.
Sébastien Gorecki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Human health risks related to the consumption of foodstuffs of plant and animal origin produced on a site polluted by chemical munitions of the First World War
Science of the Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Sébastien Gorecki, Fabrice Nesslany, Daniel Hube, Jean-ulrich Mullot, Paule Vasseur, Eric Marchioni, Valérie Camel, Laurent Noel, Bruno Le Bizec, Thierry GuérinAbstract:Shells fired during World War I exhibited different explosive compounds and some of these weapons also contained a wide variety of chemical warfare agents. At the end of the war, for safety purposes, the large quantity of weapons remaining on the former front needed to be dismantled and destroyed. A large amount of the remaining shells was destroyed in specific sites which led to the contamination of the surroundings in Belgium and France. In the 1920s, 1.5 million chemical shells and 30,000 explosive shells were destroyed in a place close to the city of Verdun, in the East of France. In this paper, the risk for human health related to the consumption of foodstuffs produced on this site was assessed. To this end, food products of plant and animal origin were sampled in 2015-2016 and contaminant analyses were conducted. Human exposure was assessed using a specifically built methodology. The contaminants considered in this study were trace elements (TEs - primarily Zn, As, Pb and Cd), nitroaromatic explosives (trinitrotoluene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene, 2-amino-4,6-dinitroluene and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene), phenylarsenic compounds including diphenylarsinic acid and triphenylarsine, perchlorate, tetrabromoethane and vinyl bromide. Depending on the compound, different approaches were used to assess the risk for both adults and children. Exposure to these contaminants through the consumption of foodstuffs produced locally on the considered site was unlikely to be a health concern. However, as for inorganic arsenic, given the presence of highly contaminated zones, it was suggested that cereals should not be grown on certain plots.
C D Johnston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the use of mass depletion mass flux reduction relationships during pumping to determine source zone mass of a reactive brominated solvent dnapl
Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2013Co-Authors: C D Johnston, Greg B Davis, Trevor P Bastow, Michael D Annable, Michael G Trefry, A J Furness, Y Geste, Robert J Woodbury, S RhodesAbstract:Abstract Mass depletion–mass flux relationships usually applied to a groundwater plume were established at field scale for groundwater pumped from within the source zone of a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL). These were used as part of multiple lines of evidence in establishing the DNAPL source mass and architecture. Simplified source mass-dissolved concentration models including those described by exponential, power, and error functions as well as a rational mass equation based on the equilibrium stream tube approach were fitted to data from 285 days of source zone pumping (SZP) from a single well which removed 152 kg of dissolved organics from a multi-component, reactive brominated solvent DNAPL. The total molar concentration of the source compound, tetrabromoethane and its daughter products was used as a single measure of contaminant concentration to relate to source mass. A partitioning inter-well tracer test (PITT) conducted prior to the SZP provided estimates of groundwater travel times, enabling parameterisation of the models. After accounting for capture of the down-gradient dissolved plume, all models provided a good fit to the observed data. It was shown that differentiation between models would only emerge after appreciably more pumping from the source zone. The model fits were not particularly sensitive to the exponent parameters and variance of groundwater travel time. In addition, the multi-component nature of the DNAPL did not seem to affect the utility of the models for the period examined. Estimates of the DNAPL mass prior to the start of SZP from the models were greatest where the log of the variance of travel time was used explicitly in the source depletion models (mean 295 kg) compared to where the associated power exponent and variance was fitted freely (mean 258 kg). The estimates of source mass were close to that of 220 kg determined from the PITT. In addition to the PITT, multi-level groundwater sampling from within the source zone provided important supporting information for developing the conceptual model of the source zone. It is concluded that SZP may be an effective and relatively simple means for characterising DNAPL source zones.
-
laboratory testing of temperature increases surfactants and co solvents as options to enhance dissolution in a brominated solvent source zone
IAHS-AISH publication, 2011Co-Authors: G B Davis, C D Johnston, Trevor P Bastow, Michael D Annable, Y Geste, Robert J Woodbury, Bradley M Patterson, P S C Rao, S RhodesAbstract:Enhanced dissolution from a brominated-solvent, DNAPL (dense non-aqueous phase liquid) source zone at a site in Western Australia was identified as a potentially feasible strategy to reduce the net flux in a groundwater plume exiting the site. Laboratory testing of increased temperatures, and addition of selected surfactants and co-solvents was undertaken to see which would maximise the solubilisation of the DNAPL tetrabromoethane (TBA) and yet limit enhanced DNAPL mobility (assessed by reductions in interfacial tension ― IFT). Increased temperatures and addition of surfactants showed only modest increases in soluble TBA up to 5000 mg L -1 , with often dramatic reductions in IFT to zero. Co-solvents increased TBA solubilisation concentrations up to 144 000 mg L -1 . Ethanol was chosen for subsequent testing due to its enhanced solubilisation of TBA, up to 87 000 mg L at 50% ethanol, and limited reduction in IFT (7.3 mN m -1 ). Ethanol also has cost, environmental and safety advantages.
Eric Marchioni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Human health risks related to the consumption of foodstuffs of plant and animal origin produced on a site polluted by chemical munitions of the First World War
Science of the Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Sébastien Gorecki, Fabrice Nesslany, Daniel Hube, Jean-ulrich Mullot, Paule Vasseur, Eric Marchioni, Valérie Camel, Laurent Noel, Bruno Le Bizec, Thierry GuérinAbstract:Shells fired during World War I exhibited different explosive compounds and some of these weapons also contained a wide variety of chemical warfare agents. At the end of the war, for safety purposes, the large quantity of weapons remaining on the former front needed to be dismantled and destroyed. A large amount of the remaining shells was destroyed in specific sites which led to the contamination of the surroundings in Belgium and France. In the 1920s, 1.5 million chemical shells and 30,000 explosive shells were destroyed in a place close to the city of Verdun, in the East of France. In this paper, the risk for human health related to the consumption of foodstuffs produced on this site was assessed. To this end, food products of plant and animal origin were sampled in 2015-2016 and contaminant analyses were conducted. Human exposure was assessed using a specifically built methodology. The contaminants considered in this study were trace elements (TEs - primarily Zn, As, Pb and Cd), nitroaromatic explosives (trinitrotoluene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene, 2-amino-4,6-dinitroluene and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene), phenylarsenic compounds including diphenylarsinic acid and triphenylarsine, perchlorate, tetrabromoethane and vinyl bromide. Depending on the compound, different approaches were used to assess the risk for both adults and children. Exposure to these contaminants through the consumption of foodstuffs produced locally on the considered site was unlikely to be a health concern. However, as for inorganic arsenic, given the presence of highly contaminated zones, it was suggested that cereals should not be grown on certain plots.