Tetragnathidae

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Gustavo Hormiga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a morphological and combined phylogenetic analysis of pirate spiders araneae mimetidae evolutionary relationships taxonomy and character evolution
    Invertebrate Systematics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Gustavo Hormiga, Ligia R Benavides
    Abstract:

    Mimetidae is one of the three families within Araneoidea whose members do not spin foraging webs, but are unique in displaying a complex prey-capture behaviour known as aggressive mimicry. Mimetids are distributed worldwide and are most diverse in the tropics of Central and South America. Here we provide a comprehensive phylogeny of pirate spiders (Mimetidae) based on analyses that combine morphological and multigene nucleotide sequence data. We scored 147 morphological characters for 55 mimetids and 16 outgroup taxa and combined it in a total-evidence approach with the sequence data of Benavides et al. (2017) which included two nuclear ribosomal genes, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA, two mitochondrial ribosomal genes, 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA, the nuclear protein-encoding gene histone H3 and the mitochondrial protein-encoding gene cytochromec oxidase subunitI. We analysed the combined dataset using parsimony, maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. Our results support the monophyly of Mimetidae and of the genera Gelanor, Ero, Anansi and Australomimetus. Mimetidae is sister to Arkyidae + Tetragnathidae. Mimetus as currently circumscribed is not monophyletic under any analytical approach used, although several lineages within the genus are consistently found in our analyses. We describe, illustrate and discuss the morphological synapomorphies that support the main clades of Mimetidae. The following nomenclatural changes are proposed: Ermetus koreanus (Paik, 1967), the sole species of the genus, is transferred to Ero C.L. Koch, 1836 and thus Ermetus Ponomarev, 2008 is a junior synonym of Ero C.L. Koch, 1836 (new synonymy) and Ero koreana Paik, 1967 becomes a revalidated combination. Phobetinus sagittifer Simon, 1895, the type species of the genus, is transferred to Mimetus Hentz, 1832 and thus Phobetinus Simon, 1895 is a junior synonym of Mimetus Hentz, 1832 (new synonymy), which results in two changes: Mimetus sagittifer (Simon, 1895), new combination and Mimetus investus (Simon, 1909), new combination. Reo latro Brignoli, 1979, the type species of the genus, is transferred to Mimetus and thus Reo Brignoli, 1979 is a junior synonym of Mimetus (new synonymy), which results in the following two changes: Mimetus latro Brignoli, 1979, new combination and Mimetus eutypus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935, revalidated combination. Arochoides integrans Mello-Leitao, 1935 is transferred to Tetragnathidae (new family placement). The type specimen of Arochoides integrans, the only species in this genus, is a subadult male of Azilia (Tetragnathidae), most likely Azilia histrio Simon, 1895. Arochoides is a junior synonym of Azilia (new synonymy). http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:90F6B3DA-232B-428C-BF38-AEA8953D7685

  • Taxonomy and Phylogenetics of Nanometinae and Other Australasian Orb-Weaving Spiders (Araneae: Tetragnathidae)
    Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 2020
    Co-Authors: Fernando Álvarez-padilla, Robert J. Kallal, Gustavo Hormiga
    Abstract:

    The spider family Tetragnathidae Menge is a cosmopolitan, relatively well-studied spider clade with some members readily identifiable by their elongate chelicerae and/or their horizontal orb webs. It has four recognized subfamilies—Tetragnathinae, Metainae, Leucauginae, and the Australasian endemic Nanometinae—although many genera remain unassigned to subfamilial groups. Nanometinae alpha taxonomy is the least well understood of these lineages despite the inclusion of members of the subfamily in a number of phylogenetic analyses over the past decade. Here we describe 10 new species and revise seven additional tetragnathids from Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, and Papua New Guinea in the genera Nanometa, Taraire, gen. nov., Tawhai, gen. nov., Harlanethis, gen. nov., and Iamarra, gen. nov. These 17 species are: Nanometa gentilisSimon, 1908, N. trivittata (Keyserling, 1887), comb. nov., N. sarasini (Berland, 1924), comb. nov., N. lagenifera (Urquhart, 1888), comb. nov., N. purpurapunctata (Urquhart, 1889), comb. nov., N. fea, sp. nov., N. tasmaniensis, sp. nov., N. tetracaena, sp. nov., N. dimitrovi, sp. nov., N. dutrorum, sp. nov., N. forsteri, sp. nov., Taraire rufolineata (Urquhart, 1889), comb. nov., Taraire oculta, sp. nov., Tawhai arborea (Urquhart, 1891), comb. nov., Harlanethis lipscombae, sp. nov., H. weintrauborum, sp. nov., and Iamarra multitheca, sp. nov. We also synonymize NediphyaMarusik and Omelko, 2017, and the monotypic genus ErycinioliaStrand, 1912, with Nanometa, bringing the total number of species in the genus from one to 14. Using an expanded taxon sampling for prior studies based on six molecular markers—12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and histone H3—and both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods, we place these taxa in the tetragnathid tree of life. Nanometinae and its constituent genera Nanometa and Pinkfloydia are reciprocally monophyletic. Harlanethis belongs to Leucauginae. The genera Taraire, Tawhai, and Iamarra defy robust phylogenetic placement and are not yet assigned to subfamily.

  • The discovery of the orb-weaving spider genus Pinkfloydia (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in eastern Australia with description of a new species from New South Wales and comments on the phylogeny of Nanometinae
    Zootaxa, 2017
    Co-Authors: Gustavo Hormiga
    Abstract:

    A new species of the Australian genus Pinkfloydia , P. rixi new species, is described and illustrated. This new tetragnathid species is known only from the type locality in the eastern part of New South Wales, more than 3,200 km away from the distribution range of it sister species from Western Australia, P. harveii Dimitrov & Hormiga, 2011. The nature of such a disjunct distribution is discussed based on morphological data and on the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial protein-encoding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. The placement of Pinkfloydia in the subfamily Nanometinae and recent advances in the phylogeny of Tetragnathidae are also discussed.

  • An extraordinary new genus of spiders from Western Australia with an expanded hypothesis on the phylogeny of Tetragnathidae (Araneae)
    Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011
    Co-Authors: Dimitar Dimitrov, Gustavo Hormiga
    Abstract:

    We describe Pinkfloydia Hormiga & Dimitrov gen. nov., a new genus of tetragnathid spiders from Western Australia and study its phylogenetic placement. The taxon sampling from our previous cladistic studies was expanded, with the inclusion of representatives of additional tetragnathid genera and outgroup taxa. Sequences from six genetic markers, 12S, 16S, 18S, 28S, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, and histone 3, along with morphological and behavioural data were used to infer tetragnathid relationships. These data were analysed using parsimony (under both static homology and dynamic optimization) and Bayesian methods. Our results indicate that Pinkfloydia belongs to the ‘Nanometa’ clade. We also propose a revised set of synapomorphies to define this lineage. Based on the new evidence presented here we propose a revised hypothesis for the intrafamilial relationships of Tetragnathidae and show that Mimetidae is most likely the sister group of Tetragnathidae. The single species in this genus so far, Pinkfloydia harveii Dimitrov& Hormiga sp. nov., is described in detail and its web architecture documented and illustrated. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 161, 735–768.

  • Case 3541 METINAE Simon, 1894 (Arachnida, Araneae, Tetragnathidae): proposed emendation of the current spelling to METAINAE to remove homonymy with METIDAE Boeck, 1872 (Crustacea, Copepoda)
    The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 2011
    Co-Authors: Fernando Álvarez-padilla, Gustavo Hormiga
    Abstract:

    Abstract. The purpose of this application, under Articles 55.3.1 and 29 of the Code, is to remove homonymy between the family-group name metinae Simon, 1894 currently used in Araneae (Tetragnathidae) and the crustacean family-group name metidae Boeck, 1872. It is proposed that the spelling of the spider name (based on the generic name Meta C.L. Koch, 1835) be emended to give metainae, while leaving the crustacean name (based on the generic name Metis) unaltered.

I-min Tso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Yung-hau Chang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Sinche Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jo-anne Nina Sewlal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Species composition of the orb-weaving families Araneidae and Tetragnathidae (Araneae: Araneoidea) in natural habitats in Trinidad, West Indies
    Journal of Natural History, 2019
    Co-Authors: Jo-anne Nina Sewlal, Bruce Cutler, Michael L. Draney
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTThe biodiversity of some spider groups in the neotropics is poorly documented. The species composition of two orb-weaving spider families, Araneidae and Tetragnathidae in 16 natural habitat...

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE Preliminary Survey of the Spider Fauna on Great Inagua, Bahamas, West Indies
    2016
    Co-Authors: Jo-anne Nina Sewlal, Christopher K. Starr
    Abstract:

    A preliminary survey of the spider fauna of Great Inagua Island, Bahamas was conducted between December 2010 and January 2011. Six habitats in five localities were surveyed including three altered and three natural. Sampling efforts produced roughly equal species richness in both natural habitats (12 species) and those that were man-made or altered by human activity (13 species). Twenty-five species representing 10 families were collected; members of the families Araneidae (eight species) and Tetragnathidae (two species) comprised almost half of the species found

  • A Preliminary Survey for Spiders on St. Lucia, West Indies
    Living World Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jo-anne Nina Sewlal
    Abstract:

    During a two-week period in August 2010, a wide variety of habitats on the island of St. Lucia, West Indies were surveyed for the presence of spiders. As in previous surveys in Grenada and Montserrat, St. Lucia produced more species in natural than in human-made or highly disturbed habitats. Thirteen localities were surveyed from 11 habitats, including five man-made habitats. Twenty-two families representing 40 species were collected. Members of the families Araneidae and Tetragnathidae comprised almost half of the species found. Key words: Anapidae, Araneidae, Corinnidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Miturgidae, Mimetidae, Mysmenidae, Oecobiidae, Oxyopidae, Pholcidae, Pisauridae, Salticidae, Sparassidae, Scytodidae, Symphytognathidae, Tetragnathidae, Theridiidae, Theridiosomatidae, Thomisidae, Theraphosidae, Uloboridae.

  • Preliminary Survey of the Spider Fauna of Great Inagua, Bahamas, W.I.
    The International Journal of Bahamian Studies, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jo-anne Nina Sewlal, Christopher K. Starr
    Abstract:

    During a 10-day period between December 2010 and January 2011, a variety of habitats on the island of Great Inagua, Bahamas, West Indies, were surveyed for the presence of spiders. Sampling efforts produced roughly equal species richness in both natural habitats and those that were man made or altered by human activity. Members of the families Araneidae and Tetragnathidae comprised almost half of the species found. Five localities were surveyed from six habitats, including three altered and three natural. Twenty-five species representing ten families were collected.

  • Preliminary Survey of the Spider Fauna on Great Inagua, Bahamas, West Indies
    2011
    Co-Authors: Jo-anne Nina Sewlal, Christopher K. Starr
    Abstract:

    A preliminary survey of the spider fauna of Great Inagua Island, Bahamas was conducted between December 2010 and January 2011. Six habitats in five localities were surveyed including three altered and three natural. Sampling efforts produced roughly equal species richness in both natural habitats (12 species) and those that were man-made or altered by human activity (13 species). Twenty-five species representing 10 families were collected; members of the families Araneidae (eight species) and Tetragnathidae (two species) comprised almost half of the species found.

Related terms

  • wood spiders nephila pilipes
  • weaving spiders genus pinkfloydia
  • weaving spiders araneae tetragnathidae
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