The Experts below are selected from a list of 90 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
B. Albella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vitro sensitivity of granulo-monocytic progenitors as a new toxicological cell system and endpoint in the ACuteTox Project.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2009Co-Authors: Laura Cerrato, Antonio Valeri, Juan A. Bueren, B. AlbellaAbstract:The ACuteTox Project (part of the EU 6th Framework Programme) was started up in January 2005. The aim of this project is to develop a simple and robust in vitro strategy for prediction of human acute systemic toxicity, which could replace animal tests used for regulatory purposes. Our group is responsible for the characterization of the effect of the reference chemicals on the hematopoietic tissue. CFU-GM assay based on the culture of human mononuclear cord blood cells has been used to characterize the effects of the selected compounds on the myeloid progenitors. Previous results have shown the relevance of the CFU-GM assay for the prediction of human acute neutropenia after treatment of antitumoral compounds, and this assay has been recently approved by the ECVAM's Scientific Advisory Committee. Among the compounds included in the study there were pharmaceuticals, environmental pollutants and industrial chemicals. Eleven out of 55 chemicals did not show any cytotoxic effect at the maximum concentration tested. The correlation coefficients of CFU-GM IC50, IC70 and IC90 values with human LC50 values (50% lethal concentration calculated from time-related sublethal and lethal human blood concentrations) were 0.4965, 0.5106 and 0.5142 respectively. Although this correlation is not improve respect to classical in vitro basal cytotoxicity tests such as 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake, chemicals which deviate substantially in the correlation with these assays (colchicine, digoxin, 5-Fluorouracil and Thallium Sulfate) fitted very well in the linear regression analysis of the CFU-GM progenitors. The results shown in the present study indicate that the sensitivity of CFU-GM progenitors correlates better than the sensitivity of HL-60 cells with human LC50 values and could help to refine the predictability for human acute systemic toxicity when a given chemical may affect to the hematopoietic myeloid system.
Christian Fleck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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LLU-α, an endogenous metabolite of γ-tocopherol, is more effective against metal nephrotoxicity in rats than γ-tocopherol ☆
Toxicology letters, 2001Co-Authors: Dorothea Appenroth, Elke Karge, Grit Kießling, William J. Wechter, Klaus Winnefeld, Christian FleckAbstract:Antioxidants of the vitamin E family have protective effects against metal toxicity. We examined the protective effect of racemic LLU-α [2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman] a metabolite of γ-tocopherol, in comparison to the effect of α- and γ-tocopherol in rats treated with sodium dichromate (Cr) or Thallium Sulfate (Tl). We measured metal nephrotoxicity based on urinary protein excretion and discussed it with respect to the metal concentration in renal tissue. The ranking of antioxidant activity (iron stimulated lipid peroxidation, luminol and lucigenin amplified chemiluminescence) was determined in the following order: α-tocopherol
Vlastimil Kuban - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Uptake of Thallium from artificially and naturally contaminated soils into rape (Brassica napus L.).
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Jana Pavlíčková, Jirí Zbíral, Michaela Smatanova, Pavlína Houserová, Eva Cizmarova, Sárka Havlíková, Vlastimil KubanAbstract:An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) method was used for the evaluation of Thallium transfer from naturally (pedogeochemically) and artificially contaminated soils into rape. Two sets of three different types of top soils (heavy, medium, and light) were used for pot experiments. The first set was collected from areas with high levels of pedogeochemical Thallium (0.3, 1.5, and 3.3 mg kg(-1) DM). The second set of three soils with naturally low content of Thallium was artificially contaminated with Thallium Sulfate to achieve five levels of contamination (0, 0.4, 2, 4, and 6 mg kg(-1) DM Tl). The soil samples and the samples of winter and spring rape (straw, seeds) from both sets were collected and analyzed. Plant and soil samples from fields were collected at 42 selected sites situated in South Bohemia and in Czech-Moravian Highlands where higher pedogeochemical content of Thallium was expected. More intensive transport (better availability) of Tl was observed in the case of artificially contaminated soils. The physicochemical form and the total content of Tl in soil were found to be the main factors influencing its uptake by plants. The concentration of Tl in rapeseeds in the field samplings was mostly 45% of its content in the particular soil. Nevertheless the uptake of Tl from soils with naturally high pedogeochemical content can be high enough to seriously endanger food chains. These findings are very important because of the high toxicity of Tl and the absence of threshold limits for Tl in soils, agricultural products, feedstuffs, and foodstuffs in most countries including the Czech Republic.
Gavin L. Meerdink - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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134 Brief Communications J Vet Diagn Invest 18:134–137 (2006) Thallium toxicosis in a Pit Bull Terrier
2016Co-Authors: Petra A. Volmer, Valentina Merola, Tanasa Osborne, Keith L. Bailey, Gavin L. MeerdinkAbstract:Abstract. Thallotoxicosis is described in an adult Pit Bull Terrier. The dog exhibited anorexia, emesis, weakness, conscious proprioceptive deficits, and a hemorrhagic diarrhea before death. A severe, acute necro-tizing enterocolitis was evident upon histological examination, as was a multifocal to coalescing pulmonary edema. Liver and kidney Thallium concentrations were 18 and 26 ppm, respectively. The source of the Thallium was determined to be Thallium Sulfate obtained by a person with the intent to harm family members. Although Thallium has not been produced in the United States for 20 years, this report demonstrates the need to consider Thallium toxicosis as a differential diagnosis for animals presenting with vague and mixed gastrointestinal and neurological signs. Key words: Necrotizing enterocolitis; Thallium; Thallium poisoning; thallotoxicosis. Thallium salts were once widely used as rodenti-cides, but because of their notorious toxicity to non-target species, this use was banned in 1972. Today, animal poisonings from Thallium in the United States are rare. The purpose of this report is to describe a recent case of fatal Thallium toxicosis in a dog
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Thallium toxicosis in a Pit Bull Terrier.
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians Inc, 2006Co-Authors: Petra A. Volmer, Valentina Merola, Tanasa S. Osborne, Keith Bailey, Gavin L. MeerdinkAbstract:Thallotoxicosis is described in an adult Pit Bull Terrier. The dog exhibited anorexia, emesis, weakness, conscious proprioceptive deficits, and a hemorrhagic diarrhea before death. A severe, acute necrotizing enterocolitis was evident upon histological examination, as was a multifocal to coalescing pulmonary edema. Liver and kidney Thallium concentrations were 18 and 26 ppm, respectively. The source of the Thallium was determined to be Thallium Sulfate obtained by a person with the intent to harm family members. Although Thallium has not been produced in the United States for 20 years, this report demonstrates the need to consider Thallium toxicosis as a differential diagnosis for animals presenting with vague and mixed gastrointestinal and neurological signs.
Laura Cerrato - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vitro sensitivity of granulo-monocytic progenitors as a new toxicological cell system and endpoint in the ACuteTox Project.
Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2009Co-Authors: Laura Cerrato, Antonio Valeri, Juan A. Bueren, B. AlbellaAbstract:The ACuteTox Project (part of the EU 6th Framework Programme) was started up in January 2005. The aim of this project is to develop a simple and robust in vitro strategy for prediction of human acute systemic toxicity, which could replace animal tests used for regulatory purposes. Our group is responsible for the characterization of the effect of the reference chemicals on the hematopoietic tissue. CFU-GM assay based on the culture of human mononuclear cord blood cells has been used to characterize the effects of the selected compounds on the myeloid progenitors. Previous results have shown the relevance of the CFU-GM assay for the prediction of human acute neutropenia after treatment of antitumoral compounds, and this assay has been recently approved by the ECVAM's Scientific Advisory Committee. Among the compounds included in the study there were pharmaceuticals, environmental pollutants and industrial chemicals. Eleven out of 55 chemicals did not show any cytotoxic effect at the maximum concentration tested. The correlation coefficients of CFU-GM IC50, IC70 and IC90 values with human LC50 values (50% lethal concentration calculated from time-related sublethal and lethal human blood concentrations) were 0.4965, 0.5106 and 0.5142 respectively. Although this correlation is not improve respect to classical in vitro basal cytotoxicity tests such as 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake, chemicals which deviate substantially in the correlation with these assays (colchicine, digoxin, 5-Fluorouracil and Thallium Sulfate) fitted very well in the linear regression analysis of the CFU-GM progenitors. The results shown in the present study indicate that the sensitivity of CFU-GM progenitors correlates better than the sensitivity of HL-60 cells with human LC50 values and could help to refine the predictability for human acute systemic toxicity when a given chemical may affect to the hematopoietic myeloid system.