The Experts below are selected from a list of 508086 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Vikram Patel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low-income and middle-income countries: systematic review and Theory of Change
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2021Co-Authors: Shilpa Aggarwal, George Patton, Michael Berk, Vikram PatelAbstract:Purpose To synthesise the evidence on effectiveness, acceptability and the delivery mechanisms of psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low and middle income countries and to develop a pathway of Change specific for self-harm interventions. Method Studies reporting one or more patient or implementation outcomes of a psychosocial intervention targeting self-harm and conducted in low- and middle-income countries were included. Taxonomy of treatment components and a Theory of Change map was created using information from the studies. Results We identified thirteen studies including nine randomised controlled trials (RCT), three non-RCTs, and a single experimental case design study. A single study using postcard contact and another using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) reported a reduction in self-harm attempts. Suicidal ideations were significantly reduced with CBT, volitional help sheets and postcard contact in different studies. Suicide risk assessment, problem solving and self-validation were the most frequently used elements in interventions. Goal-setting was the technique used most commonly. Cultural adaptations of psychotherapies were used in two studies. High attrition rates in psychotherapy trials, limited benefit of the delivery of treatment by non-specialist providers, and variable benefit observed using phone contact as a means to deliver intervention were other important findings. Conclusion There were no strong positive findings to draw definitive conclusions. Limited availability and evidence for culturally adapted interventions in self-harm, lack of evaluation of task sharing using evidence based interventions as well as a dearth in evaluation and reporting of various intervention delivery models in low- and middle-income countries were major literature gaps.
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psychosocial interventions for self harm in low income and middle income countries systematic review and Theory of Change
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2021Co-Authors: George C. Patton, Shilpa Aggarwal, Michael Berk, Vikram PatelAbstract:To synthesise the evidence on effectiveness, acceptability and the delivery mechanisms of psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low and middle income countries and to develop a pathway of Change specific for self-harm interventions. Studies reporting one or more patient or implementation outcomes of a psychosocial intervention targeting self-harm and conducted in low- and middle-income countries were included. Taxonomy of treatment components and a Theory of Change map was created using information from the studies. We identified thirteen studies including nine randomised controlled trials (RCT), three non-RCTs, and a single experimental case design study. A single study using postcard contact and another using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) reported a reduction in self-harm attempts. Suicidal ideations were significantly reduced with CBT, volitional help sheets and postcard contact in different studies. Suicide risk assessment, problem solving and self-validation were the most frequently used elements in interventions. Goal-setting was the technique used most commonly. Cultural adaptations of psychotherapies were used in two studies. High attrition rates in psychotherapy trials, limited benefit of the delivery of treatment by non-specialist providers, and variable benefit observed using phone contact as a means to deliver intervention were other important findings. There were no strong positive findings to draw definitive conclusions. Limited availability and evidence for culturally adapted interventions in self-harm, lack of evaluation of task sharing using evidence based interventions as well as a dearth in evaluation and reporting of various intervention delivery models in low- and middle-income countries were major literature gaps.
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Theory of Change a Theory driven approach to enhance the medical research council s framework for complex interventions
Trials, 2014Co-Authors: Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Mary De Silva, Crick Lund, Vikram Patel, Laura Asher, Neerja ChowdharyAbstract:Background: The Medical Research Councils’ framework for complex interventions has been criticized for not including Theory-driven approaches to evaluation. Although the framework does include broad guidance on the use of Theory, it contains little practical guidance for implementers and there have been calls to develop a more comprehensive approach. A prospective, Theory-driven process of intervention design and evaluation is required to develop complex healthcare interventions which are more likely to be effective, sustainable and scalable. Methods: We propose a Theory-driven approach to the design and evaluation of complex interventions by adapting and integrating a programmatic design and evaluation tool, Theory of Change (ToC), into the MRC framework for complex interventions. We provide a guide to what ToC is, how to construct one, and how to integrate its use into research projects seeking to design, implement and evaluate complex interventions using the MRC framework. We test this approach by using ToC within two randomized controlled trials and one non-randomized evaluation of complex interventions. Results: Our application of ToC in three research projects has shown that ToC can strengthen key stages of the MRC framework. It can aid the development of interventions by providing a framework for enhanced stakeholder engagement and by explicitly designing an intervention that is embedded in the local context. For the feasibility and piloting stage, ToC enables the systematic identification of knowledge gaps to generate research questions that strengthen intervention design. ToC may improve the evaluation of interventions by providing a comprehensive set of indicators to evaluate all stages of the causal pathway through which an intervention achieves impact, combining evaluations of intervention effectiveness with detailed process evaluations into one theoretical framework. Conclusions: Incorporating a ToC approach into the MRC framework holds promise for improving the design and evaluation of complex interventions, thereby increasing the likelihood that the intervention will be ultimately effective, sustainable and scalable. We urge researchers developing and evaluating complex interventions to consider using this approach, to evaluate its usefulness and to build an evidence base to further refine the methodology.
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Theory of Change: a Theory-driven approach to the MRC framework for complex interventions
2012Co-Authors: M. De Silva, Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Crick Lund, Vikram PatelAbstract:ToC has not yet been widely used in the evaluation of complex interventions to improve health, and has not been used in conjunction with the MRC framework to design and evaluate interventions in the context of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). However, it holds much promise for this. We are piloting the use of ToC to design, implement, and evaluate complex interventions for mental health in a number of different research projects Using Theory of Change and how it ‘fits’ with MRC (Methods) Title Verdana Bold 72pt
Crick Lund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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planning and evaluating mental health services in low and middle income countries using Theory of Change
British Journal of Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Erica Breuer, Mary De Silva, Crick Lund, Rahul Shidaye, Inge Petersen, Juliet Nakku, Mark J D Jordans, Abebaw FekaduAbstract:Background There is little practical guidance on how contextually relevant mental healthcare plans (MHCPs) can be developed in low-resource settings. Aims To describe how Theory of Change (ToC) was used to plan the development and evaluation of MHCPs as part of the PRogramme for Improving Mental health carE (PRIME). Method ToC development occurred in three stages: (a) development of a cross-country ToC by 15 PRIME consortium members; (b) development of country-specific ToCs in 13 workshops with a median of 15 (interquartile range 13–22) stakeholders per workshop; and (c) review and refinement of the cross-country ToC by 18 PRIME consortium members. Results One cross-country and five district ToCs were developed that outlined the steps required to improve outcomes for people with mental disorders in PRIME districts. Conclusions ToC is a valuable participatory method that can be used to develop MHCPs and plan their evaluation.
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using Theory of Change to design and evaluate public health interventions a systematic review
Implementation Science, 2015Co-Authors: Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Mary De Silva, Crick LundAbstract:Despite the increasing popularity of the Theory of Change (ToC) approach, little is known about the extent to which ToC has been used in the design and evaluation of public health interventions. This review aims to determine how ToCs have been developed and used in the development and evaluation of public health interventions globally. We searched for papers reporting the use of “Theory of Change” in the development or evaluation of public health interventions in databases of peer-reviewed journal articles such as Scopus, Pubmed, PsychInfo, grey literature databases, Google and websites of development funders. We included papers of any date, language or study design. Both abstracts and full text papers were double screened. Data were extracted and narratively and quantitatively summarised. A total of 62 papers were included in the review. Forty-nine (79 %) described the development of ToC, 18 (29 %) described the use of ToC in the development of the intervention and 49 (79 %) described the use of ToC in the evaluation of the intervention. Although a large number of papers were included in the review, their descriptions of the ToC development and use in intervention design and evaluation lacked detail. The use of the ToC approach is widespread in the public health literature. Clear reporting of the ToC process and outputs is important to strengthen the body of literature on practical application of ToC in order to develop our understanding of the benefits and advantages of using ToC. We also propose a checklist for reporting on the use of ToC to ensure transparent reporting and recommend that our checklist is used and refined by authors reporting the ToC approach.
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Theory of Change a Theory driven approach to enhance the medical research council s framework for complex interventions
Trials, 2014Co-Authors: Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Mary De Silva, Crick Lund, Vikram Patel, Laura Asher, Neerja ChowdharyAbstract:Background: The Medical Research Councils’ framework for complex interventions has been criticized for not including Theory-driven approaches to evaluation. Although the framework does include broad guidance on the use of Theory, it contains little practical guidance for implementers and there have been calls to develop a more comprehensive approach. A prospective, Theory-driven process of intervention design and evaluation is required to develop complex healthcare interventions which are more likely to be effective, sustainable and scalable. Methods: We propose a Theory-driven approach to the design and evaluation of complex interventions by adapting and integrating a programmatic design and evaluation tool, Theory of Change (ToC), into the MRC framework for complex interventions. We provide a guide to what ToC is, how to construct one, and how to integrate its use into research projects seeking to design, implement and evaluate complex interventions using the MRC framework. We test this approach by using ToC within two randomized controlled trials and one non-randomized evaluation of complex interventions. Results: Our application of ToC in three research projects has shown that ToC can strengthen key stages of the MRC framework. It can aid the development of interventions by providing a framework for enhanced stakeholder engagement and by explicitly designing an intervention that is embedded in the local context. For the feasibility and piloting stage, ToC enables the systematic identification of knowledge gaps to generate research questions that strengthen intervention design. ToC may improve the evaluation of interventions by providing a comprehensive set of indicators to evaluate all stages of the causal pathway through which an intervention achieves impact, combining evaluations of intervention effectiveness with detailed process evaluations into one theoretical framework. Conclusions: Incorporating a ToC approach into the MRC framework holds promise for improving the design and evaluation of complex interventions, thereby increasing the likelihood that the intervention will be ultimately effective, sustainable and scalable. We urge researchers developing and evaluating complex interventions to consider using this approach, to evaluate its usefulness and to build an evidence base to further refine the methodology.
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Theory of Change: a Theory-driven approach to the MRC framework for complex interventions
2012Co-Authors: M. De Silva, Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Crick Lund, Vikram PatelAbstract:ToC has not yet been widely used in the evaluation of complex interventions to improve health, and has not been used in conjunction with the MRC framework to design and evaluate interventions in the context of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). However, it holds much promise for this. We are piloting the use of ToC to design, implement, and evaluate complex interventions for mental health in a number of different research projects Using Theory of Change and how it ‘fits’ with MRC (Methods) Title Verdana Bold 72pt
Shilpa Aggarwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low-income and middle-income countries: systematic review and Theory of Change
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2021Co-Authors: Shilpa Aggarwal, George Patton, Michael Berk, Vikram PatelAbstract:Purpose To synthesise the evidence on effectiveness, acceptability and the delivery mechanisms of psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low and middle income countries and to develop a pathway of Change specific for self-harm interventions. Method Studies reporting one or more patient or implementation outcomes of a psychosocial intervention targeting self-harm and conducted in low- and middle-income countries were included. Taxonomy of treatment components and a Theory of Change map was created using information from the studies. Results We identified thirteen studies including nine randomised controlled trials (RCT), three non-RCTs, and a single experimental case design study. A single study using postcard contact and another using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) reported a reduction in self-harm attempts. Suicidal ideations were significantly reduced with CBT, volitional help sheets and postcard contact in different studies. Suicide risk assessment, problem solving and self-validation were the most frequently used elements in interventions. Goal-setting was the technique used most commonly. Cultural adaptations of psychotherapies were used in two studies. High attrition rates in psychotherapy trials, limited benefit of the delivery of treatment by non-specialist providers, and variable benefit observed using phone contact as a means to deliver intervention were other important findings. Conclusion There were no strong positive findings to draw definitive conclusions. Limited availability and evidence for culturally adapted interventions in self-harm, lack of evaluation of task sharing using evidence based interventions as well as a dearth in evaluation and reporting of various intervention delivery models in low- and middle-income countries were major literature gaps.
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psychosocial interventions for self harm in low income and middle income countries systematic review and Theory of Change
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2021Co-Authors: George C. Patton, Shilpa Aggarwal, Michael Berk, Vikram PatelAbstract:To synthesise the evidence on effectiveness, acceptability and the delivery mechanisms of psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low and middle income countries and to develop a pathway of Change specific for self-harm interventions. Studies reporting one or more patient or implementation outcomes of a psychosocial intervention targeting self-harm and conducted in low- and middle-income countries were included. Taxonomy of treatment components and a Theory of Change map was created using information from the studies. We identified thirteen studies including nine randomised controlled trials (RCT), three non-RCTs, and a single experimental case design study. A single study using postcard contact and another using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) reported a reduction in self-harm attempts. Suicidal ideations were significantly reduced with CBT, volitional help sheets and postcard contact in different studies. Suicide risk assessment, problem solving and self-validation were the most frequently used elements in interventions. Goal-setting was the technique used most commonly. Cultural adaptations of psychotherapies were used in two studies. High attrition rates in psychotherapy trials, limited benefit of the delivery of treatment by non-specialist providers, and variable benefit observed using phone contact as a means to deliver intervention were other important findings. There were no strong positive findings to draw definitive conclusions. Limited availability and evidence for culturally adapted interventions in self-harm, lack of evaluation of task sharing using evidence based interventions as well as a dearth in evaluation and reporting of various intervention delivery models in low- and middle-income countries were major literature gaps.
Erica Breuer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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planning and evaluating mental health services in low and middle income countries using Theory of Change
British Journal of Psychiatry, 2016Co-Authors: Erica Breuer, Mary De Silva, Crick Lund, Rahul Shidaye, Inge Petersen, Juliet Nakku, Mark J D Jordans, Abebaw FekaduAbstract:Background There is little practical guidance on how contextually relevant mental healthcare plans (MHCPs) can be developed in low-resource settings. Aims To describe how Theory of Change (ToC) was used to plan the development and evaluation of MHCPs as part of the PRogramme for Improving Mental health carE (PRIME). Method ToC development occurred in three stages: (a) development of a cross-country ToC by 15 PRIME consortium members; (b) development of country-specific ToCs in 13 workshops with a median of 15 (interquartile range 13–22) stakeholders per workshop; and (c) review and refinement of the cross-country ToC by 18 PRIME consortium members. Results One cross-country and five district ToCs were developed that outlined the steps required to improve outcomes for people with mental disorders in PRIME districts. Conclusions ToC is a valuable participatory method that can be used to develop MHCPs and plan their evaluation.
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using Theory of Change to design and evaluate public health interventions a systematic review
Implementation Science, 2015Co-Authors: Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Mary De Silva, Crick LundAbstract:Despite the increasing popularity of the Theory of Change (ToC) approach, little is known about the extent to which ToC has been used in the design and evaluation of public health interventions. This review aims to determine how ToCs have been developed and used in the development and evaluation of public health interventions globally. We searched for papers reporting the use of “Theory of Change” in the development or evaluation of public health interventions in databases of peer-reviewed journal articles such as Scopus, Pubmed, PsychInfo, grey literature databases, Google and websites of development funders. We included papers of any date, language or study design. Both abstracts and full text papers were double screened. Data were extracted and narratively and quantitatively summarised. A total of 62 papers were included in the review. Forty-nine (79 %) described the development of ToC, 18 (29 %) described the use of ToC in the development of the intervention and 49 (79 %) described the use of ToC in the evaluation of the intervention. Although a large number of papers were included in the review, their descriptions of the ToC development and use in intervention design and evaluation lacked detail. The use of the ToC approach is widespread in the public health literature. Clear reporting of the ToC process and outputs is important to strengthen the body of literature on practical application of ToC in order to develop our understanding of the benefits and advantages of using ToC. We also propose a checklist for reporting on the use of ToC to ensure transparent reporting and recommend that our checklist is used and refined by authors reporting the ToC approach.
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Theory of Change a Theory driven approach to enhance the medical research council s framework for complex interventions
Trials, 2014Co-Authors: Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Mary De Silva, Crick Lund, Vikram Patel, Laura Asher, Neerja ChowdharyAbstract:Background: The Medical Research Councils’ framework for complex interventions has been criticized for not including Theory-driven approaches to evaluation. Although the framework does include broad guidance on the use of Theory, it contains little practical guidance for implementers and there have been calls to develop a more comprehensive approach. A prospective, Theory-driven process of intervention design and evaluation is required to develop complex healthcare interventions which are more likely to be effective, sustainable and scalable. Methods: We propose a Theory-driven approach to the design and evaluation of complex interventions by adapting and integrating a programmatic design and evaluation tool, Theory of Change (ToC), into the MRC framework for complex interventions. We provide a guide to what ToC is, how to construct one, and how to integrate its use into research projects seeking to design, implement and evaluate complex interventions using the MRC framework. We test this approach by using ToC within two randomized controlled trials and one non-randomized evaluation of complex interventions. Results: Our application of ToC in three research projects has shown that ToC can strengthen key stages of the MRC framework. It can aid the development of interventions by providing a framework for enhanced stakeholder engagement and by explicitly designing an intervention that is embedded in the local context. For the feasibility and piloting stage, ToC enables the systematic identification of knowledge gaps to generate research questions that strengthen intervention design. ToC may improve the evaluation of interventions by providing a comprehensive set of indicators to evaluate all stages of the causal pathway through which an intervention achieves impact, combining evaluations of intervention effectiveness with detailed process evaluations into one theoretical framework. Conclusions: Incorporating a ToC approach into the MRC framework holds promise for improving the design and evaluation of complex interventions, thereby increasing the likelihood that the intervention will be ultimately effective, sustainable and scalable. We urge researchers developing and evaluating complex interventions to consider using this approach, to evaluate its usefulness and to build an evidence base to further refine the methodology.
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Theory of Change: a Theory-driven approach to the MRC framework for complex interventions
2012Co-Authors: M. De Silva, Erica Breuer, Lucy Lee, Crick Lund, Vikram PatelAbstract:ToC has not yet been widely used in the evaluation of complex interventions to improve health, and has not been used in conjunction with the MRC framework to design and evaluate interventions in the context of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). However, it holds much promise for this. We are piloting the use of ToC to design, implement, and evaluate complex interventions for mental health in a number of different research projects Using Theory of Change and how it ‘fits’ with MRC (Methods) Title Verdana Bold 72pt
Michael Berk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low-income and middle-income countries: systematic review and Theory of Change
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2021Co-Authors: Shilpa Aggarwal, George Patton, Michael Berk, Vikram PatelAbstract:Purpose To synthesise the evidence on effectiveness, acceptability and the delivery mechanisms of psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low and middle income countries and to develop a pathway of Change specific for self-harm interventions. Method Studies reporting one or more patient or implementation outcomes of a psychosocial intervention targeting self-harm and conducted in low- and middle-income countries were included. Taxonomy of treatment components and a Theory of Change map was created using information from the studies. Results We identified thirteen studies including nine randomised controlled trials (RCT), three non-RCTs, and a single experimental case design study. A single study using postcard contact and another using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) reported a reduction in self-harm attempts. Suicidal ideations were significantly reduced with CBT, volitional help sheets and postcard contact in different studies. Suicide risk assessment, problem solving and self-validation were the most frequently used elements in interventions. Goal-setting was the technique used most commonly. Cultural adaptations of psychotherapies were used in two studies. High attrition rates in psychotherapy trials, limited benefit of the delivery of treatment by non-specialist providers, and variable benefit observed using phone contact as a means to deliver intervention were other important findings. Conclusion There were no strong positive findings to draw definitive conclusions. Limited availability and evidence for culturally adapted interventions in self-harm, lack of evaluation of task sharing using evidence based interventions as well as a dearth in evaluation and reporting of various intervention delivery models in low- and middle-income countries were major literature gaps.
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psychosocial interventions for self harm in low income and middle income countries systematic review and Theory of Change
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2021Co-Authors: George C. Patton, Shilpa Aggarwal, Michael Berk, Vikram PatelAbstract:To synthesise the evidence on effectiveness, acceptability and the delivery mechanisms of psychosocial interventions for self-harm in low and middle income countries and to develop a pathway of Change specific for self-harm interventions. Studies reporting one or more patient or implementation outcomes of a psychosocial intervention targeting self-harm and conducted in low- and middle-income countries were included. Taxonomy of treatment components and a Theory of Change map was created using information from the studies. We identified thirteen studies including nine randomised controlled trials (RCT), three non-RCTs, and a single experimental case design study. A single study using postcard contact and another using cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) reported a reduction in self-harm attempts. Suicidal ideations were significantly reduced with CBT, volitional help sheets and postcard contact in different studies. Suicide risk assessment, problem solving and self-validation were the most frequently used elements in interventions. Goal-setting was the technique used most commonly. Cultural adaptations of psychotherapies were used in two studies. High attrition rates in psychotherapy trials, limited benefit of the delivery of treatment by non-specialist providers, and variable benefit observed using phone contact as a means to deliver intervention were other important findings. There were no strong positive findings to draw definitive conclusions. Limited availability and evidence for culturally adapted interventions in self-harm, lack of evaluation of task sharing using evidence based interventions as well as a dearth in evaluation and reporting of various intervention delivery models in low- and middle-income countries were major literature gaps.