The Experts below are selected from a list of 13374 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Massimo Paradiso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Gilbert Faccarello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The enigmatic Mr Graslin. A Rousseauist bedrock for Classical economics?
    European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2009
    Co-Authors: Gilbert Faccarello
    Abstract:

    Drawing inspiration from aspects of the sensationist philosophy of the time and also the political philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Jean-Joseph-Louis Graslin (1727-1790) -- a fierce critic of Physiocracy -- developed a remarkably coherent political economy based on a "three stages" Theory of society, a labour Theory of normal prices and distribution, and a concept of vertically-integrated sectors. He also put forward some ideas -- the role of needs in the determination of market prices, a process of gravitation towards equilibrium, a quid pro quo Theory of Taxation -- which attracted Turgot's attention. Had it not been neglected, Graslin's approach could well have formed a possible foundation for Classical economics -- broadly defined as proposing a system of equilibrium "natural" prices based on the conditions of production, with market prices oscillating around them. In the present article I first explore Graslin's basic motivation (section 2). I then deal with his "three stages" Theory of society, which lies at the core of his analytical argument (section 3). Then follows an analysis of his principle ideas in respect of needs, wealth and value (sections 4), production equilibrium and prices (section 5), and finally public economics (section 6).

  • An ‘exception culturelle’? French sensationist political economy and the shaping of public economics *
    The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2006
    Co-Authors: Gilbert Faccarello
    Abstract:

    This paper examines some ideas developed in the field of public economics by French Sensationist political economists, from Turgot and Condorcet to the young Jean-Baptiste Say. An ideal-typical account of their position is based on the fact that issues raised by public expenditure and revenue are not dealt with independently. Instead, a strong link between the two sides of the budget is emphasised, an approach arising out of political considerations concerning human rights and equity. Following on from this they develop a Theory of public expenditure based on public goods -- national and local -- and externalities, and a Theory of Taxation culminating in a justification of progressive Taxation. The central section of the paper forms a kind of pivotal point in the analysis, showing how the above political and ethical requirements of the Theory lead to the first estimation of the optimal amount of public expenditure and revenue -- involving an equilibrium at the margin.

  • An "exception culturelle"? French Sensationist political economy and the shaping of public economics
    European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 2006
    Co-Authors: Gilbert Faccarello
    Abstract:

    This paper examines some ideas developed in the field of public economics by French Sensationist political economists, from Turgot and Condorcet to the young Jean-Baptiste Say. An ideal-typical account of their position is based on the fact that issues raised by public expenditure and revenue are not dealt with independently. Instead, a strong link between the two sides of the budget is emphasised, an approach arising out of political considerations concerning human rights and equity. Following on from this they develop a Theory of public expenditure based on public goods -- national and local -- and externalities, and a Theory of Taxation culminating in a justification of progressive Taxation. The central section of the paper forms a kind of pivotal point in the analysis, showing how the above political and ethical requirements of the Theory lead to the first estimation of the optimal amount of public expenditure and revenue -- involving an equilibrium at the margin.

Paolo Liberati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Richard W. Tresch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The First-Best Theory of Taxation and Transfers
    Public Finance, 2015
    Co-Authors: Richard W. Tresch
    Abstract:

    Having covered the mainstream normative Theory of public expenditures in Chapter 2 through 9, the mainstream first-best Theory of Taxation is easy to describe. We saw that first-best public expenditure Theory addresses two fundamental questions: in what area of economic activity can the government legitimately become involved and what decision rules should the government follow in each area? Chapter 10 explores the public choice perspective on distribution that argues there is no need for a social welfare function to resolve the distribution question. Instead, public assistance is seen as an extension of private charity, which results from a consumer externality. Hence, public assistance transfers are labeled pareto-optimal redistributions: equity as efficiency. The chapter discusses the empirical relevance of pareto-optimal redistributions and considers some other motivations for charitable giving. It concludes with a discussion of the prospect-of-upward-mobility (POUM) hypothesis, which is an explanation for why there is not more public redistribution in democracies

  • Chapter 14 – The Second-Best Theory of Taxation with General Production Technologies and Many Consumers
    Public Finance, 2015
    Co-Authors: Richard W. Tresch
    Abstract:

    Chapter 14 extends the analysis of distorting taxes in two directions to make it more responsive to real-world economies. The first is to incorporate general production technologies, with increasing cost production-possibilities frontiers. An important result is that the optimal commodity tax rule is unchanged; it does not include production terms. A second extension is to consider the case of many consumers with different tastes and different marginal social welfare weights. The social welfare maximizing pattern of tax rates is derived under both linear and general technologies. Other topics include the effects on social welfare of any given change in taxes and an analysis of whether U.S. commodity taxes are close to optimal.

  • chapter 14 the second best Theory of Taxation with general production technologies and many consumers
    Public Finance (Third Edition)#R##N#A Normative Theory, 2015
    Co-Authors: Richard W. Tresch
    Abstract:

    Chapter 14 extends the analysis of distorting taxes in two directions to make it more responsive to real-world economies. The first is to incorporate general production technologies, with increasing cost production-possibilities frontiers. An important result is that the optimal commodity tax rule is unchanged; it does not include production terms. A second extension is to consider the case of many consumers with different tastes and different marginal social welfare weights. The social welfare maximizing pattern of tax rates is derived under both linear and general technologies. Other topics include the effects on social welfare of any given change in taxes and an analysis of whether U.S. commodity taxes are close to optimal.

  • Chapter 13 – The Second-Best Theory of Taxation in One-Consumer Economies with Linear Production Technology
    Public Finance, 2015
    Co-Authors: Richard W. Tresch
    Abstract:

    Chapter 13 develops the deadweight efficiency loss or excess burden of distorting taxes in the simplest setting of linear production technology with constant producer prices. Among the topics covered are the total loss from a number of taxes, the marginal loss from changing a single tax, the optimal pattern of commodity taxes to minimize loss for a given amount of tax revenue, the associated inverse elasticity rule, the deadweight loss from income taxes, Besley and Jewitt's analysis of the necessary and sufficient conditions for proportional Taxation, Feldstein's elasticity of taxable income measure of loss, and the loss implications of substituting one tax for another, with emphasis on the Corlett and Hague analysis.

  • chapter 13 the second best Theory of Taxation in one consumer economies with linear production technology
    Public Finance (Third Edition)#R##N#A Normative Theory, 2015
    Co-Authors: Richard W. Tresch
    Abstract:

    Chapter 13 develops the deadweight efficiency loss or excess burden of distorting taxes in the simplest setting of linear production technology with constant producer prices. Among the topics covered are the total loss from a number of taxes, the marginal loss from changing a single tax, the optimal pattern of commodity taxes to minimize loss for a given amount of tax revenue, the associated inverse elasticity rule, the deadweight loss from income taxes, Besley and Jewitt's analysis of the necessary and sufficient conditions for proportional Taxation, Feldstein's elasticity of taxable income measure of loss, and the loss implications of substituting one tax for another, with emphasis on the Corlett and Hague analysis.

Guiseppe Dallera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.