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Seema Patel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Threats Management and envisaged utilizations of aquatic weed eichhornia crassipes an overview
    Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio\ technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Seema Patel
    Abstract:

    Eichhornia crassipes or water hyacinth is a free-floating plant, growing plentifully in the tropical water bodies. This invasive weed poses multiple hazards ranging from ecological and economical to social. It tends to endanger biodiversity, cause eutrophication, shelter pests, clog fresh waterways, affect agriculture and aquaculture, hamper shipping and recreational activities. Existing control methods have been insufficient to contain its aggressive propagation. Recently, it has been envisaged that successful utilization of this weed can solve the associated problems associated with them. It is being speculated that the huge biomass can be used in waste water treatment, heavy metal and dye remediation, as substrate for bioethanol and biogas production, electricity generation, industrial uses, human food and antioxidants, medicines, feed, agriculture and sustainable development. Towards this quest many approaches have been undertaken and partial success is achieved. If harnessed properly, this weed-based green technology can solve many of the issues our society faces now. In this context, the papers published in recent years have been reviewed, with the objective of creating public awareness and bolstering Management and utilization of this cumbersome invasive weed.

Clapper James R - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Susan K Jacobson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • threat reduction assessment of conventional and community based conservation approaches to managing protected areas in uganda
    Environmental Conservation, 2004
    Co-Authors: Arthur R Mugisha, Susan K Jacobson
    Abstract:

    Loss of wildlife, encroachment on wild lands and conflicts between protected areas and neighbouring communities continue to threaten the integrity of protected areas (PAs) in Uganda. To increase support from local communities and ensure long-term sustainability for Uganda's PAs, a policy of community-based conservation was introduced in 1988 as a Management approach in seven PAs. The effectiveness of the community-based approach for reducing Threats was compared to conventional PA Management by conducting a threat reduction assessment at 16 PAs, seven with community-based approaches and nine without. Additional data collected using document reviews, interviews with government officials, and surveys of PA wardens were compared with the threat reduction assessments. Twenty-three primary Threats were identified at PAs. Local game poaching was the most common threat. The threat reduction assessment indices of community-based PAs (mean=49.0±12) were not significantly different from those of conventional PAs (mean =37.96±21.6). Some specific Threats, such as bush burning, logging, encroachment and unclear boundaries, seemed to be better mitigated at community-based PAs. Management approaches at all PAs mitigated fewer than half of the identified Threats. Management approaches are needed that directly target PA Threats, go beyond PA boundaries by involving additional government departments, link people's livelihoods to conservation efforts and strengthen PA institutions.

Arthur R Mugisha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • threat reduction assessment of conventional and community based conservation approaches to managing protected areas in uganda
    Environmental Conservation, 2004
    Co-Authors: Arthur R Mugisha, Susan K Jacobson
    Abstract:

    Loss of wildlife, encroachment on wild lands and conflicts between protected areas and neighbouring communities continue to threaten the integrity of protected areas (PAs) in Uganda. To increase support from local communities and ensure long-term sustainability for Uganda's PAs, a policy of community-based conservation was introduced in 1988 as a Management approach in seven PAs. The effectiveness of the community-based approach for reducing Threats was compared to conventional PA Management by conducting a threat reduction assessment at 16 PAs, seven with community-based approaches and nine without. Additional data collected using document reviews, interviews with government officials, and surveys of PA wardens were compared with the threat reduction assessments. Twenty-three primary Threats were identified at PAs. Local game poaching was the most common threat. The threat reduction assessment indices of community-based PAs (mean=49.0±12) were not significantly different from those of conventional PAs (mean =37.96±21.6). Some specific Threats, such as bush burning, logging, encroachment and unclear boundaries, seemed to be better mitigated at community-based PAs. Management approaches at all PAs mitigated fewer than half of the identified Threats. Management approaches are needed that directly target PA Threats, go beyond PA boundaries by involving additional government departments, link people's livelihoods to conservation efforts and strengthen PA institutions.

Barry W Brook - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • current and future Threats from non indigenous animal species in northern australia a spotlight on world heritage area kakadu national park
    Wildlife Research, 2007
    Co-Authors: Corey J A Bradshaw, Iain C Field, David M J S Bowman, Chris Haynes, Barry W Brook
    Abstract:

    Non-indigenous animal species threaten biodiversity and ecosystem stability by damaging or transforming habitats, killing or out-competing native species and spreading disease. We use World Heritage Area Kakadu National Park, northern Australia, as a focal region to illustrate the current and potential Threats posed by non-indigenous animal species to internationally and nationally recognised natural and cultural values. Available evidence suggests that large feral herbivores such as Asian swamp buffalo, pigs and horses are the most ecologically threatening species in this region. This may reflect the inherent research bias, because these species are highly visible and impact primary production; consequently, their control has attracted the strongest research and Management efforts. Burgeoning Threats, such as the already established cane toad and crazy ant, and potentially non-indigenous freshwater fish, marine invertebrates and pathogens, may cause severe problems for native biodiversity. To counter these Threats, Management agencies must apply an ongoing, planned and practical approach using scientifically based and well funded control measures; however, many stakeholders require direct evidence of the damage caused by non-indigenous species before agreeing to implement control. To demonstrate the increasing priority of non-indigenous species research in Australia and to quantify taxonomic and habitat biases in research focus, we compiled an extensive biography of peer-reviewed articles published between 1950 and 2005. Approximately 1000 scientific papers have been published on the impact and control of exotic animals in Australia, with a strong bias towards terrestrial systems and mammals. Despite the sheer quantity of research on non-indigenous species and their effects, Management responses remain largely ad hoc and poorly evaluated, especially in northern Australia and in high-value areas such as Kakadu National Park. We argue that improved Management in relatively isolated and susceptible tropical regions requires (1) robust quantification of density–damage relationships, and (2) the delivery of research findings that stimulate land managers to develop cost-effective control and monitoring programs.