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Rodolfo G. Goya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Homeostasis, thymic Hormones and aging.
    Gerontology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Rodolfo G. Goya, Federico Bolognani
    Abstract:

    The thymic-pituitary axis constitutes a bidirectional circuit where the ascending feedback loop is effected by thymic factors of epithelial origin. The aim of the present article is, first, to introduce the idea of an immune-neuroendocrine homeostatic network in higher animals. Next, the relevance of the Thymus in this network and the possible role of this gland in the neuroendocrine imbalances associated with aging are discussed. A number of studies are next reviewed which show that the endocrine Thymus produces several bioactive molecules, generally called thymic Hormones, which in addition to possessing immunoregulatory properties are also active on nervous and endocrine circuits. In particular, the reported activities of thymosin fraction five, thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta 4 on β-endorphin, adrenocorticotropic Hormone, glucocorticoids, luteinizing Hormone-releasing Hormone and luteinizing Hormone secretion in different animal and cell models are reviewed. The known hypophysiotropic actions of other thymic Hormones like thymulin, homeostatic Thymus Hormone and Thymus factor are also summarized, and the impact of aging on pituitary responsiveness to thymic Hormones is discussed. As a conclusion, it is proposed that in addition to its central role in the regulation of the immune function, the Thymus gland may extend its influence to nonimmunologic components of the body, including the neuroendocrine system. The early onset of Thymus involution might, therefore, act as a triggering event which would initiate the gradual decline in homeostatic potential that characterizes the aging process.

  • Histones and related preparations interfere with immunoassays for peptide Hormones
    Peptides, 1993
    Co-Authors: Rodolfo G. Goya, Maria G. Castro, Yolanda E. Sosa, E. A. Linton, R. J. Woods, Philip J. Lowry
    Abstract:

    Abstract We report here that histones and certain related preparations generate a consistent interference with radioimmuno (RIA), immunoradiometric (IRMA), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays for a number of peptide Hormones. Histones H1, H2A, H2B, H3, HIIA, HIIS, protamine, and the related preparations homeostatic Thymus Hormone and peptide MB35 generated a dose-dependent signal in both the human corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH) and the human adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) IRMA. This signal was not affected when the linker antiserum was removed from the IRMA reagent mixture, thus proving that the signal was not due to cross-reaction or sample contamination with CRH or ACTH. The above histone preparations, as well as protamine, but not ubiquitin, also generated a strong negative interference with RIAs for ACTH, CRH, rat growth Hormone (rGH), and rat prolactin (rPRL). In an ELISA system for the thymic peptide facteur thymique serique, histones and protamine again showed a strong interfering activity. When known amounts of rGH, rPRL, and hACTH were dissolved in charcoal-washed horse serum or supernatants from rat liver homogenates (centrifuged 1 h at 10,000 × g), and the corresponding RIAs and IRMA (for ACTH) were performed in the absence or presence of histones HIIA and HIIS (at 1 mg/ml level), an interfering activity of histones was again observed. We conclude that histones and some related peptide preparations have, when present in biologic fluids, a significant capacity to interfere with peptide immunoassays.

  • Thymus—Pituitary Interactions During Ageing
    Age and Ageing, 1993
    Co-Authors: Rodolfo G. Goya, Maria G. Castro, Peter W. Saphier, Yolanda E. Sosa, Philip J. Lowry
    Abstract:

    We had previously shown that homoeostatic Thymus Hormone (HTH), an H2A-H2B histone dimer, possesses an age-dependent adrenostimulatory activity in vivo. It was therefore of interest to investigate the adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-releasing activity of histones and other related preparations on perifused pituitary cells from young (2-4 months) and mature (16-18 months) rats. Histones and protamines gave a positive interference with the immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) for ACTH and corticotropin releasing Hormone (CRH) whereas the histone fragment MB35, as well as nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine complexes did not

  • homeostatic Thymus Hormone stimulates corticosterone secretion in a dose and age dependent manner in rats
    Neuroendocrinology, 1990
    Co-Authors: Rodolfo G. Goya, Robert Reichhart, Yolanda E. Sosa, Kathleen L Quigley, Joseph Meites
    Abstract:

    There is increasing evidence that the neuroendocrine system is responsive to hormonal signals generated by the immune systems. In particular, interleukin-1 and thymosin have been shown to stimulate th

Joseph Meites - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Yolanda E. Sosa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Histones and related preparations interfere with immunoassays for peptide Hormones
    Peptides, 1993
    Co-Authors: Rodolfo G. Goya, Maria G. Castro, Yolanda E. Sosa, E. A. Linton, R. J. Woods, Philip J. Lowry
    Abstract:

    Abstract We report here that histones and certain related preparations generate a consistent interference with radioimmuno (RIA), immunoradiometric (IRMA), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays for a number of peptide Hormones. Histones H1, H2A, H2B, H3, HIIA, HIIS, protamine, and the related preparations homeostatic Thymus Hormone and peptide MB35 generated a dose-dependent signal in both the human corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH) and the human adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) IRMA. This signal was not affected when the linker antiserum was removed from the IRMA reagent mixture, thus proving that the signal was not due to cross-reaction or sample contamination with CRH or ACTH. The above histone preparations, as well as protamine, but not ubiquitin, also generated a strong negative interference with RIAs for ACTH, CRH, rat growth Hormone (rGH), and rat prolactin (rPRL). In an ELISA system for the thymic peptide facteur thymique serique, histones and protamine again showed a strong interfering activity. When known amounts of rGH, rPRL, and hACTH were dissolved in charcoal-washed horse serum or supernatants from rat liver homogenates (centrifuged 1 h at 10,000 × g), and the corresponding RIAs and IRMA (for ACTH) were performed in the absence or presence of histones HIIA and HIIS (at 1 mg/ml level), an interfering activity of histones was again observed. We conclude that histones and some related peptide preparations have, when present in biologic fluids, a significant capacity to interfere with peptide immunoassays.

  • Thymus—Pituitary Interactions During Ageing
    Age and Ageing, 1993
    Co-Authors: Rodolfo G. Goya, Maria G. Castro, Peter W. Saphier, Yolanda E. Sosa, Philip J. Lowry
    Abstract:

    We had previously shown that homoeostatic Thymus Hormone (HTH), an H2A-H2B histone dimer, possesses an age-dependent adrenostimulatory activity in vivo. It was therefore of interest to investigate the adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-releasing activity of histones and other related preparations on perifused pituitary cells from young (2-4 months) and mature (16-18 months) rats. Histones and protamines gave a positive interference with the immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) for ACTH and corticotropin releasing Hormone (CRH) whereas the histone fragment MB35, as well as nucleohistone and nucleoprotamine complexes did not

  • homeostatic Thymus Hormone stimulates corticosterone secretion in a dose and age dependent manner in rats
    Neuroendocrinology, 1990
    Co-Authors: Rodolfo G. Goya, Robert Reichhart, Yolanda E. Sosa, Kathleen L Quigley, Joseph Meites
    Abstract:

    There is increasing evidence that the neuroendocrine system is responsive to hormonal signals generated by the immune systems. In particular, interleukin-1 and thymosin have been shown to stimulate th

E. G. Novoselova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Immunomodulatory effects of thymopentin under acute and chronic inflammations in mice
    Biofizika, 2020
    Co-Authors: S. M. Lunin, T. V. Novoselova, M. O. Khrenov, O. V. Glushkova, T. I. Smolikhina, E. E. Fesenko, S B Parfeniuk, E. G. Novoselova
    Abstract:

    The effects of thymopentin, a synthetic analogue of the active center of the Thymus Hormone thymopoietin, on the immune status of mice with two different models of inflammation induced by injection of lipopolysaccaride (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria were studied. Acute inflammation was induced by a single injection of LPS in a dose of 250 microg/100 g of body weight, and chronic inflammation (sepsis) was modeled by a daily injection of LPS for 11 days with a gradual increase in the dose range from 25 to 250 microg/100 g of body weight. Under acute inflammation, a preliminary injection of thymopentin did not induce any additional stimulation in cytokine production increased by LPS. On the contrary, whereas the chronic introduction of LPS was characterized by a depressed production of several cytokines, thymopentin produced an immunostimulating effect. Thus, an increase in the production of nitric oxide, interferon-gamma, and Hsp70 was demonstrated. In addition, a more effective restoration of the number of Thymus cells, as well as an increase in macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha production were observed after repeal of LPS + Hormone injections. The results show that preliminary application of thymopentin promotes the regulation of immune cell activity under acute and chronic inflammation.

  • Immunomodulatory effects of thymopentin under acute and chronic inflammations in mice
    Biophysics, 2009
    Co-Authors: S. M. Lunin, T. V. Novoselova, M. O. Khrenov, O. V. Glushkova, S. B. Parfenyuk, T. I. Smolikhina, E. E. Fesenko, E. G. Novoselova
    Abstract:

    The effects of thymopentin, a synthetic analog of the active center of the Thymus Hormone thymopoietin, on the immune status of mice with two different models of inflammation induced by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria were studied. Acute inflammation was induced by a single injection of LPS in a dose of 250 μg/100 g of body weight, and chronic inflammation (sepsis) was modeled by daily injection of LPS for 11 days with a gradual increase in the dose range from 25 to 250 μg/100 g of body weight. Under acute inflammation, a preliminary injection of thymopentin did not induce any additional stimulation of cytokine production increased by LPS. On the contrary, whereas the chronic introduction of LPS was characterized by a depressed production of several cytokines, thymopentin produced an immunostimulating effect. Thus an increase in the production of nitric oxide, interferon-μ, and Hsp70 was demonstrated. In addition, a more effective restoration of the number of Thymus cells, as well as an increase in macrophage tumor necrosis factor-α production were observed after cessation of LPS + Hormone injections. The results show that preliminary application of thymopentin promotes the regulation of immune cell activity under acute and chronic inflammation.

Federico Bolognani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Thymus-pituitary axis and its changes during aging.
    Neuroimmunomodulation, 1999
    Co-Authors: R G Goya, O A Brown, Federico Bolognani
    Abstract:

    The pituitary-thymic axis constitutes a bidirectional circuit where the ascending feedback loop is effected by thymic factors of epithelial origin. The aim of the present article is to review the evidence demonstrating that aging brings about a progressive disruption in the integration of this network. In doing so, we briefly review the experimental evidence supporting the view that immune and neuroendocrine aging are interdependent processes. The advantages and limits of the nude mouse as a model of Thymus-dependent accelerated aging is also discussed. Next, we review a number of studies which show that the endocrine Thymus produces several bioactive molecules, generally called thymic Hormones, which in addition to possessing immunoregulatory properties are also active on nervous and endocrine circuits. In particular, the reported activities of thymosin fraction 5 (TF5), thymosin alpha-1 and thymosin beta-4 on beta-endorphin, ACTH, glucocorticoids, LHRH and LH secretion in different animal and cell models are reviewed. The known hypophysiotropic actions of other thymic Hormones like thymulin, homeostatic Thymus Hormone (HTH) and Thymus factor are summarized. Aging has a significant impact on pituitary responsiveness to thymic Hormones. Thus, it has been reported that TF5 and HTH have thyrotropin-inhibiting activity in young but not in old rats. Furthermore, intravenous administration of HTH was also able to reduce plasma GH and increase corticosterone levels in both young and old rats, although these responses were much weaker in the old animals. Further evidence on this topic is discussed. It is proposed that in addition to its central role in the regulation of the immune function, the Thymus gland may extend its influence to nonimmunologic components of the body, including the neuroendocrine system. The early onset of Thymus involution might therefore act as a triggering event which would initiate the gradual decline in homeostatic potential that characterizes the aging process.

  • Homeostasis, thymic Hormones and aging.
    Gerontology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Rodolfo G. Goya, Federico Bolognani
    Abstract:

    The thymic-pituitary axis constitutes a bidirectional circuit where the ascending feedback loop is effected by thymic factors of epithelial origin. The aim of the present article is, first, to introduce the idea of an immune-neuroendocrine homeostatic network in higher animals. Next, the relevance of the Thymus in this network and the possible role of this gland in the neuroendocrine imbalances associated with aging are discussed. A number of studies are next reviewed which show that the endocrine Thymus produces several bioactive molecules, generally called thymic Hormones, which in addition to possessing immunoregulatory properties are also active on nervous and endocrine circuits. In particular, the reported activities of thymosin fraction five, thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta 4 on β-endorphin, adrenocorticotropic Hormone, glucocorticoids, luteinizing Hormone-releasing Hormone and luteinizing Hormone secretion in different animal and cell models are reviewed. The known hypophysiotropic actions of other thymic Hormones like thymulin, homeostatic Thymus Hormone and Thymus factor are also summarized, and the impact of aging on pituitary responsiveness to thymic Hormones is discussed. As a conclusion, it is proposed that in addition to its central role in the regulation of the immune function, the Thymus gland may extend its influence to nonimmunologic components of the body, including the neuroendocrine system. The early onset of Thymus involution might, therefore, act as a triggering event which would initiate the gradual decline in homeostatic potential that characterizes the aging process.