Tin Chloride

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Amy L Teel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

Richard J Watts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

Megan S Wyeth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

Dennis D. Finn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO_2–Sb_2O_5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

  • Optimization of Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5 anode preparation for electrochemical oxidation of organic contaminants in water and wastewater
    Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2007
    Co-Authors: Richard J Watts, Dennis D. Finn, Megan S Wyeth, Amy L Teel
    Abstract:

    The preparation of antimony-doped Tin oxide anodes on a titanium substrate (Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes) by dipping in a solution of Tin Chloride and antimony Chloride and annealing at high temperatures was optimized for the potential applications of drinking water disinfection, wastewater effluent disinfection, and industrial waste stream treatment. The effectiveness of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes prepared under different conditions was evaluated by using hexanol as a probe molecule to measure the extent of oxidative reactions, and anode performance was monitored by cyclic voltammetry. A large factorial matrix consisTing of Tin Chloride concentration × antimony Chloride concentration × annealing temperature was first evaluated, and the optimum conditions were found to be 20% Tin Chloride and 1% antimony Chloride in the dip solution and an annealing temperature of 500°C. Further investigation showed that the rate of withdrawal from the dip solution, the number of coaTings of the dip solution, and the addition of oxygen during annealing did not significantly affect anode performance. Under optimum preparation conditions, Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes showed no loss of performance over 1,280 cycles of cyclic voltammetry, suggesTing that their performance can be sustained over long periods of use. The result of this research is a simple preparation method for effective and long-lived Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5 anodes; this method could be easily adopted by a utility for pilot- or full-scale disinfection of water and wastewater and the treatment of industrial waste streams.

Qijie Yan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Super Microporous Tin‐doped Zirconium Oxide
    Chinese Journal of Chemistry, 2005
    Co-Authors: Yan Kong, Jun Wang, Xiaoqian Ren, Qijie Yan
    Abstract:

    The super microporous Tin-doped zirconium oxides were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method using zirconyl Chloride as Zr source, Tin Chloride as Sn source and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) as template under hydrothermal or refluxing conditions. The structures of the resultant materials were characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR, TG-DTA, XRF and HRTEM techniques. Experimental results indicated that the framework of the samples is typically ordered hexagonal structure. The surface area and pore volume of the materials prepared by refluxing method were larger than by hydrothermal method, but the ordering of pore distributions is lower. The thermal stability of the samples was relatively high (>773 K) and decreased with the increment of Tin content.

  • Synthesis of ordered hexagonal porous Tin-doped zirconium oxides with a high surface area
    Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2005
    Co-Authors: Yan Kong, Wenhua Hou, Qijie Yan
    Abstract:

    Novel binary Tin-doped porous zirconia has been prepared by using zirconyl Chloride, Tin Chloride as Zr, Sn sources and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template. For the first time the hexagonal and ordered porous zirconia with a Tin/zirconium molar ratio of 0.05 and 0.10 were obtained. The surface areas of the materials were 391.5 and 501.5 m 2 /g respectively. Thermal