The Experts below are selected from a list of 207 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
P Schwartz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Ungues nigri durch Proteus mirabilis
Hautarzt, 2001Co-Authors: S.a. Qadripur, Silvia Schauder, P SchwartzAbstract:Black nails caused by Proteus mirabilis were seen in a motor mechanic and in a petrol pump attendant. Proteus mirabilis is a gram-negative bacillus that generates hydrogen sulfide.This compound reacts with traces of metals in the nail plate such as zinc, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, tin, copper and lead. Metal sulfides blacken the nail plate.The protracted course of the discoloration over months corresponds to the slow reactions of metals with hydrogen sulfide.The disappearance of the blackening after topical treatment with chinosol, Tincture of Iodine and chloramphenicol solution supports the etiologic connection between black nails and Proteus mirabilis. Wet and dirty work encourages the colonisation of Proteus mirabilis between nail fold and nail plate.
-
Ungues nigri durch Proteus mirabilis
Der Hautarzt, 2001Co-Authors: S.a. Qadripur, Silvia Schauder, P SchwartzAbstract:Black nails caused by Proteus mirabilis were seen in a motor mechanic and in a petrol pump attendant. Proteus mirabilis is a gramnegative bacillus that generates hydrogen sulfide. This compound reacts with traces of metals in the nail plate such as zinc, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, tin, copper and lead. Metal sulfides blacken the nail plate. The protracted course of the discoloration over months corresponds to the slow reactions of metals with hydrogen sulfide. The disappearance of the blackening after topical treatment with chinosol, Tincture of Iodine and chloramphenicol solution supports the etiologic connection between black nails and Proteus mirabilis . Wet and dirty work encourages the colonisation of Proteus mirabilis between nail fold and nail plate. Wir berichten über Ungues nigri durch Proteus mirabilis bei einem Automechaniker und einem Tankwart. Proteus mirabilis ist ein gramnegativer Bazillus, der Hydrogensulfid bildet. Dieses reagiert mit in der Nagelplatte in Spuren enthaltenen Metallen, darunter Zink, Nickel, Kobalt, Eisen, Mangan, Zinn, Kupfer und Blei. Die Metallsulfide färben die Nagelplatte schwarz. Dem protrahierten Verlauf der Verfärbung innerhalb von Monaten entsprechen die langsamen Reaktionen der Metalle mit Hydrogensulfid. Das Verschwinden der Dyschromie nach lokaler Behandlung mit Chinosolbädern sowie Einpinselungen mit Jodtinktur bzw. Chloramphenicollösung bestätigt den ätiologischen Zusammenhang zwischen Schwarzfärbung und Proteus mirabilis . Feuchtberufe scheinen die Besiedlung zwischen Nagelfalz und Nagelplatte mit diesem opportunistischen Bazillus zu begünstigen.
Melvin P Weinstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
chlorhexidine versus Tincture of Iodine for reduction of blood culture contamination rates a prospective randomized crossover study
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2016Co-Authors: Elizabeth Storyroller, Melvin P WeinsteinAbstract:Blood cultures (BCs) are the standard method for diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSIs). However, the average BC contamination rate (CR) in U.S. hospitals is 2.9%, potentially resulting in unnecessary antibiotic use and excessive therapy costs. Several studies have compared various skin antisepsis agents without a clear consensus as to which agent is most effective in reducing contamination. A prospective, randomized crossover study directly comparing blood culture contamination rates using chlorhexidine versus Iodine Tincture for skin antisepsis was performed at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital (RWJUH). Eight nursing units at RWJUH were provided with blood culture kits containing either chlorhexidine (CH) or Iodine Tincture (IT) for skin antisepsis prior to all blood culture venipunctures, which were obtained by nurses or clinical care technicians. At quarterly intervals, the antiseptic agent used on each nursing unit was switched. Analyses of positive BCs were performed to distinguish true BSIs from contaminants. of the 6,095 total BC sets obtained from the participating nursing units, 667 (10.94%) were positive and 238 (3.90%) were judged by the investigators to be contaminated. of the 3,130 BCs obtained using IT, 340 (10.86%) were positive and 123 (3.93%) were contaminated. of 2,965 BCs obtained using CH, 327 (11.03%) were positive and 115 (3.88%) were contaminated. The rates of contaminated BCs were not statistically significant between the two antiseptic agents (P = 1.0). We conclude that CH and IT are equivalent agents for blood culture skin antisepsis.
Steven Verhulst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
comparison of chlorhexidine and Tincture of Iodine for skin antisepsis in preparation for blood sample collection
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Joan Barenfanger, Cheryl Drake, Jerry Lawhorn, Steven VerhulstAbstract:Rates of contamination of blood cultures obtained when skin was prepared with Iodine Tincture versus chlorhexidine were compared. For Iodine Tincture, the contamination rate was 2.7%; for chlorhexidine, it was 3.1%. The 0.41% difference is not statistically significant. Chlorhexidine has comparable effectiveness and is safer, cheaper, and preferred by staff, so it is an alternative to Iodine Tincture.
Gilles Delage - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evaluation of donor skin disinfection methods
Transfusion, 1997Co-Authors: Mindy Goldman, Gilles Roy, N Frechette, Francine Decary, Luc Massicotte, Gilles DelageAbstract:BACKGROUND: Because most bacteria isolated from contaminated platelet concentrates are thought to originate from the donor's skin, the efficacy of four methods of skin disinfection was compared. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Contact plates were used for antecubital skin cultures after they were demonstrated to be easier to use and at least as sensitive as a swab system. One antecubital fossa of each subject was disinfected by a standard method, the use of a povidone-Iodine swabstick containing 0.75-percent available Iodine followed by the use of a povidone-Iodine swabstick containing 1-percent available Iodine. The other arm was disinfected with either a 70-percent isopropyl alcohol scrub followed by an ampoule of 2-percent Iodine Tincture (Group 1; n = 126); a green-soap sponge followed by a 70-percent isopropyl alcohol swab, used for donors who are allergic to Iodine (Group 2; n = 30); or a 0.5-percent chlorhexidine gluconate and 70-percent isopropyl alcohol sponge followed by an ampoule of 0.5-percent chlorhexidine gluconate and 70-percent isopropyl alcohol (Group 3; n = 40). Contact plate cultures were done before and after disinfection, and colonies counted after a 48-hour 37°C incubation period. RESULTS: Similar numbers of bacteria grew from both antecubital fossae of the same subject before disinfection (p = 0.71). Compared to the standard povidoneIodine method, isopropyl alcohol and Tincture of Iodine resulted in significantly less bacterial growth (p 0.3). CONCLUSION: Isopropyl alcohol scrub followed by Iodine Tincture is more efficacious than povidone-Iodine as measured by contact plate cultures. For donors who are allergic to Iodine, chlorhexidine gluconate and isopropyl alcohol is more efficacious than green soap and isopropyl alcohol.
Rabih O Darouiche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
skin antisepsis kits containing alcohol and chlorhexidine gluconate or Tincture of Iodine are associated with low rates of blood culture contamination
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 2002Co-Authors: Barbara W Trautner, Jill E Clarridge, Rabih O DarouicheAbstract:Objective: Skin preparation is an important factor in reducing the rate of blood culture contamination. We assessed blood culture contamination rates associated with the use of skin antisepsis kits containing either 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine gluconate or 2% alcoholic Tincture of Iodine. Design: Prospective, blinded clinical trial. Setting: Tertiary-care teaching hospital. Patients: Adult patients in medical wards, the medical intensive care unit, and the cardiac intensive care unit who needed paired, percutaneous blood cultures. Interventions: House officers, medical students, and healthcare technicians drew the blood for cultures. We prepared sacks containing all of the necessary supplies, including two different types of antiseptic kits. In each sack, one kit contained 2% chlorhexidine in 70% isopropyl alcohol and the other contained 2% Tincture of Iodine in ethyl alcohol and 70% isopropyl alcohol. Each patient received chlorhexidine at one site and Tincture of Iodine at the other. Results: Four (0.9%) of 430 blood culture sets from 215 patients were contaminated. The contamination rate when using alcohol and chlorhexidine (1 of 215, 0.5%) did not differ significantly from the contamination rate when using Tincture of Iodine (3 of 215,1.4%; P = .62, McNemar test). There was an 87% probability that the two interventions differed by less than 2% in their rate of contamination. Conclusions: Both of these antiseptic kits were highly effective for skin preparation prior to drawing blood for cultures. The use of these kits may have contributed to the low contamination rate observed in this study.