The Experts below are selected from a list of 4536 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hany M. Elsheikha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Toxocariasis: a silent threat with a progressive public health impact
Infectious diseases of poverty, 2018Co-Authors: Jia Chen, Quan Liu, Guo-hua Liu, Wen-bin Zheng, Sung-jong Hong, Hiromu Sugiyama, Xing-quan Zhu, Hany M. ElsheikhaAbstract:Toxocariasis is a neglected parasitic zoonosis that afflicts millions of the pediatric and adolescent populations worldwide, especially in impoverished communities. This disease is caused by infection with the larvae of Toxocara canis and T. cati, the most ubiquitous intestinal nematode parasite in dogs and cats, respectively. In this article, recent advances in the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and pharmacotherapies that have been used in the treatment of Toxocariasis are reviewed. Over the past two decades, we have come far in our understanding of the biology and epidemiology of Toxocariasis. However, lack of laboratory infrastructure in some countries, lack of uniform case definitions and limited surveillance infrastructure are some of the challenges that hindered the estimation of global disease burden. Toxocariasis encompasses four clinical forms: visceral, ocular, covert and neural. Incorrect or misdiagnosis of any of these disabling conditions can result in severe health consequences and considerable medical care spending. Fortunately, multiple diagnostic modalities are available, which if effectively used together with the administration of appropriate pharmacologic therapies, can minimize any unnecessary patient morbidity. Although progress has been made in the management of Toxocariasis patients, there remains much work to be done. Implementation of new technologies and better understanding of the pathogenesis of Toxocariasis can identify new diagnostic biomarkers, which may help in increasing diagnostic accuracy. Also, further clinical research breakthroughs are needed to develop better ways to effectively control and prevent this serious disease.
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Additional file 2: of Toxocariasis: a silent threat with a progressive public health impact
2018Co-Authors: Jia Chen, Quan Liu, Guo-hua Liu, Wen-bin Zheng, Sung-jong Hong, Hiromu Sugiyama, Xing-quan Zhu, Hany M. ElsheikhaAbstract:Table S1. Number of clinical cases of human Toxocariasis by clinical form and country. Table S2. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for human Toxocariasis and references. Table S3. Prevalence of Toxocara spp. in definitive hosts by country and animal host species. (PDF 780Â kb
Artur Sulik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental contamination with toxocara eggs and seroprevalence of Toxocariasis in children of northeastern poland
Parasitology Research, 2016Co-Authors: Anna Kroten, Kacper Toczylowski, Bozena Kiziewicz, Elzbieta Oldak, Artur SulikAbstract:Toxocariasis is a worldwide distributed zoonotic disease. Soil contaminated with Toxocara eggs appears to be the main source of infection for humans. The aim of our study was to estimate the environmental contamination with Toxocara eggs in public areas in northeastern Poland followed by the assessment of seroprevalence of Toxocariasis in the children’s population inhabiting the areas. A total of 168 soil samples were collected in June and September from public areas, and 28 from patients’ residences. They were all examined for Toxocara eggs using the centrifugal flotation technique. Two-step serological tests comprising enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) were performed in 190 children aged 2–17 without any symptoms of Toxocariasis. The positive samples accounted for 36 and 32 % in the urban area, 39 and 18 % in the suburbs, and 39 and 46 % in parks, for June and September, respectively. All the sites located near the patients’ residences with confirmed persistent Toxocariasis were found contaminated with Toxocara eggs. A significant drop in the mean number of eggs was noted in the suburbs after summer (0.64 vs 0.18, p < 0.05). High and constant contamination was documented in soil from urban sandboxes and parks. The overall seroprevalence in children tested for Toxocariasis was 4.2 % as determined by ELISA and WB (3.0 % in preschool children and 7.7 % in school children). The current study revealed high contamination of public areas in northeastern Poland with Toxocara eggs as well as marked seroprevalence in asymptomatic children. There is an urgent need to introduce and promote preventive health measures to limit spread of Toxocariasis.
Jia Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Toxocariasis: a silent threat with a progressive public health impact
Infectious diseases of poverty, 2018Co-Authors: Jia Chen, Quan Liu, Guo-hua Liu, Wen-bin Zheng, Sung-jong Hong, Hiromu Sugiyama, Xing-quan Zhu, Hany M. ElsheikhaAbstract:Toxocariasis is a neglected parasitic zoonosis that afflicts millions of the pediatric and adolescent populations worldwide, especially in impoverished communities. This disease is caused by infection with the larvae of Toxocara canis and T. cati, the most ubiquitous intestinal nematode parasite in dogs and cats, respectively. In this article, recent advances in the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and pharmacotherapies that have been used in the treatment of Toxocariasis are reviewed. Over the past two decades, we have come far in our understanding of the biology and epidemiology of Toxocariasis. However, lack of laboratory infrastructure in some countries, lack of uniform case definitions and limited surveillance infrastructure are some of the challenges that hindered the estimation of global disease burden. Toxocariasis encompasses four clinical forms: visceral, ocular, covert and neural. Incorrect or misdiagnosis of any of these disabling conditions can result in severe health consequences and considerable medical care spending. Fortunately, multiple diagnostic modalities are available, which if effectively used together with the administration of appropriate pharmacologic therapies, can minimize any unnecessary patient morbidity. Although progress has been made in the management of Toxocariasis patients, there remains much work to be done. Implementation of new technologies and better understanding of the pathogenesis of Toxocariasis can identify new diagnostic biomarkers, which may help in increasing diagnostic accuracy. Also, further clinical research breakthroughs are needed to develop better ways to effectively control and prevent this serious disease.
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Additional file 2: of Toxocariasis: a silent threat with a progressive public health impact
2018Co-Authors: Jia Chen, Quan Liu, Guo-hua Liu, Wen-bin Zheng, Sung-jong Hong, Hiromu Sugiyama, Xing-quan Zhu, Hany M. ElsheikhaAbstract:Table S1. Number of clinical cases of human Toxocariasis by clinical form and country. Table S2. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for human Toxocariasis and references. Table S3. Prevalence of Toxocara spp. in definitive hosts by country and animal host species. (PDF 780Â kb
Anna Kroten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental contamination with toxocara eggs and seroprevalence of Toxocariasis in children of northeastern poland
Parasitology Research, 2016Co-Authors: Anna Kroten, Kacper Toczylowski, Bozena Kiziewicz, Elzbieta Oldak, Artur SulikAbstract:Toxocariasis is a worldwide distributed zoonotic disease. Soil contaminated with Toxocara eggs appears to be the main source of infection for humans. The aim of our study was to estimate the environmental contamination with Toxocara eggs in public areas in northeastern Poland followed by the assessment of seroprevalence of Toxocariasis in the children’s population inhabiting the areas. A total of 168 soil samples were collected in June and September from public areas, and 28 from patients’ residences. They were all examined for Toxocara eggs using the centrifugal flotation technique. Two-step serological tests comprising enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) were performed in 190 children aged 2–17 without any symptoms of Toxocariasis. The positive samples accounted for 36 and 32 % in the urban area, 39 and 18 % in the suburbs, and 39 and 46 % in parks, for June and September, respectively. All the sites located near the patients’ residences with confirmed persistent Toxocariasis were found contaminated with Toxocara eggs. A significant drop in the mean number of eggs was noted in the suburbs after summer (0.64 vs 0.18, p < 0.05). High and constant contamination was documented in soil from urban sandboxes and parks. The overall seroprevalence in children tested for Toxocariasis was 4.2 % as determined by ELISA and WB (3.0 % in preschool children and 7.7 % in school children). The current study revealed high contamination of public areas in northeastern Poland with Toxocara eggs as well as marked seroprevalence in asymptomatic children. There is an urgent need to introduce and promote preventive health measures to limit spread of Toxocariasis.
Hiroshi Yamasaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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field evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test to detect antibodies in human Toxocariasis
Acta Tropica, 2015Co-Authors: Patricia Kim Chooi Lim, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Joon Wah Mak, S F Wong, Chun Wie Chong, I K S Yap, Stephen Ambu, V KumarasamyAbstract:Abstract Human Toxocariasis which is caused mainly by the larvae of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati , is a worldwide zoonotic disease that can be a potentially serious human infection. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using T. canis excretory–secretory (TES) antigens harvested from T. canis larvae is currently the serological test for confirming Toxocariasis. An alternative to producing large amounts of Toxocara TES and improved diagnosis for Toxocariasis is through the development of highly specific recombinant antigens such as the T. canis second stage larva excretory–secretory 30 kDa protein (recTES-30). The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a rapid diagnostic kit (RDT, named as iToxocara kit) in comparison to recTES-30 ELISA in Serendah Orang Asli village in Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 133 subjects were included in the study. The overall prevalence rates by ELISA and RDT were 29.3% and 33.1%, respectively, with more positive cases detected in males than females. However, no association was found between Toxocariasis and gender or age. The percentage sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of RDT were 85.7%, 90.1%, 80% and 93.2%, respectively. The prevalence for Toxocariasis in this population using both ELISA and RDT was 27.1% (36/133) and the K-concordance test suggested good agreement of the two tests with a Cohen's kappa of 0.722, P R = 0.704 and P
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prevalence of Toxocariasis in northeastern brazil based on serology using recombinant toxocara canis antigen
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2005Co-Authors: Raquel Coelho, J Luiz Bezerra R De Carvalho, Emilia Pessoa Perez, Kunioki Araki, Tsutomu Takeuchi, Akira Ito, Takashi Aoki, Hiroshi YamasakiAbstract:To evaluate the prevalence of Toxocariasis in children in Jaboatao dos Guararapes, Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil, 215 serum samples were examined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a recombinant Toxocara canis antigen. In the ELISA, 26 (12.1%) of 215 subjects were positive. In a dot-blot assay using 53 of 215 serum samples, the diagnostic results correlated with those obtained by the ELISA. Moreover, it has been confirmed that the recombinant T. canis antigen was highly specific for Toxocariasis by ELISA using serum samples positive for antibody to Ascaris lumbricoides. Considering the specificity of the recombinant antigen to Toxocariasis, the ELISA or dot-blot assay using the recombinant T. canis antigen is recommended in tropical and sub-tropical regions where various parasitic infections are commonly endemic.
