The Experts below are selected from a list of 342162 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gerhard Rakhorst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing medical technologies in development a new paradigm of medical Technology assessment
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 2000Co-Authors: Marjan J Hummel, Wouter Van Rossum, Gijsbertus Jacob Verkerke, Gerhard RakhorstAbstract:Objective: Our study aims to provide a practical contribution to the field of medical Technology assessment within a new paradigm. This paradigm indicates the need for more comprehensive Technology assessments in the development stage of a new Technology. - Method: We introduce a method, based on Saaty’s Analytic Hierarchy Process, which quantitatively supports discussions between the various actors that shape the Technology’s development and diffusion. These discussions focus on technical, medical, social, and economical requirements relevant to the design and diffusion of the new Technology. - Discussion: In contrast to more Traditional Technology assessments, our method encompasses the perspectives of the diverse actors in the social context of Technology development and diffusion. It influences their decision making on Technology design and diffusion in order to improve this Technology’s later clinical as well as social effectiveness.
Diego Restuccia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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barriers to capital accumulation and aggregate total factor productivity
International Economic Review, 2004Co-Authors: Diego RestucciaAbstract:I develop a growth model where a single good can be produced with a Traditional and a modern Technology. The Traditional Technology features low total factor productivity (TFP) and a low share of reproducible capital. In this framework, barriers to capital accumulation affect Technology use and therefore aggregate TFP. The theory thus connects recent models of factor accumulation and of TFP. The model is calibrated by interpreting Traditional production as agriculture and nonreproducible capital as land. The theory implies that barriers are associated with large agricultural shares, as supported by cross-country and time-series evidence. The required TFP differences needed in the model to account for a given income disparity are reduced by 1s2 relative to the standard model that abstracts from Technology choice. Copyright 2004 by the Economics Department Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka University Institute Of Social And Economic Research Association.
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barriers to capital accumulation and aggregate total factor productivity
International Economic Review, 2004Co-Authors: Diego RestucciaAbstract:I develop a growth model where a single good can be produced with a Traditional and a modern Technology. The Traditional Technology features low total factor productivity (TFP) and a low share of reproducible capital. In this framework, barriers to capital accumulation affect Technology use and therefore aggregate TFP. The theory thus connects recent models of factor accumulation and of TFP. The model is calibrated by interpreting Traditional production as agriculture and nonreproducible capital as land. The theory implies that barriers are associated with large agricultural shares, as supported by cross-country and time-series evidence. The required TFP differences needed in the model to account for a given income disparity are reduced by 1/2 relative to the standard model that abstracts from Technology choice.
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barriers to capital accumulation and aggregate total factor productivity
2002Co-Authors: Diego RestucciaAbstract:I develop a growth model where output can be produced with a modern and a Traditional Technology. The Traditional Technology has a lower TFP and a lower share of reproducible capital than the modern Technology. In this simple framework, barriers to capital accumu-lation affect the extent to which these technologies are used. Intuitively, barriers reduce the return to using the modern Technology relative to the Traditional Technology because reproducible capital is a more important input in the modern Technology. As a result, bar-riers to capital accumulation not only affect the capital to output ratio in the economy but also aggregate TFP. The theory thus connects two seemingly disparate research programs in the recent growth literature: models of factor accumulation and models of total factor productivity. The model economy is calibrated by interpreting the Traditional Technology as producing agricultural output and the non-reproducible factor as land. The theory implies that barriers to capital accumulation are associated with large agricultural shares. This novel implication of the theory is strongly supported by both cross-country data and time series evidence from a set of East Asian miracle countries. For a reasonable parameterization of the model, the required TFP differences needed to account for a reasonable disparity in the wealth of nations are reduced by a half relative to the standard growth model that abstracts from Technology choice.
Ekram Hossain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a blockchain policy and charging control framework for roaming in cellular networks
IEEE Network, 2020Co-Authors: Ahmed Refaey, Karim Hammad, Sebastian Magierowski, Ekram HossainAbstract:As a Technology foundation of cryptocurrencies, blockchain enables decentralized peer-topeer trading through consensus mechanisms without the involvement of a third party. Blockchain has been regarded as an auspicious Technology for future cellular networks. It is able to provide solutions to problems related to mobile operators and user trust, embedded smart contracts, security concerns, pricing (e.g., for roaming), and so on. When applying blockchain to cellular networks, there are significant challenges in terms of deployment and application, due to resource-constrained transactions. This article begins by introducing the basic concept of blockchain and then moves on to illustrate its benefits and limitations in the roaming system. A unified roaming-based blockchain Technology is offered to demonstrate its suitability for cellular networks as opposed to Traditional Technology. Finally, potential issues and challenges of roaming-based blockchains are addressed and evaluated using the roaming use case in the EU.
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a blockchain policy and charging control framework for roaming in cellular networks
arXiv: Networking and Internet Architecture, 2019Co-Authors: Ahmed Refaey, Karim Hammad, Sebastian Magierowski, Ekram HossainAbstract:As a Technology foundation of cryptocurrencies, blockchain enables decentralized peer-to-peer trading through consensus mechanisms without the involvement of a third party. Blockchain has been regarded as an auspicious Technology for future cellular networks. It is able to provide solutions to problems related to mobile operators and user trust, embedded smart contracts, security concerns, pricing (e.g. for roaming), etc. When applying blockchain to cellular networks, there are significant challenges in terms of deployment and application, due to resource-constrained transactions. This article begins by introducing the basic concept of blockchain and then moves on to illustrate its benefits and limitations in the roaming system. Two models of roaming-based blockchain technologies are offered to show their suitability for cellular networks as opposed to Traditional Technology. Finally, potential issues and challenges of roaming-based blockchains are addressed and evaluated using the roaming use case in the EU.
Pedro A Belchior - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phenolic profile and colour acquired by the wine spirit in the beginning of ageing alternative Technology using micro oxygenation vs Traditional Technology
Lwt - Food Science and Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Sara Canas, Ilda Caldeira, Ofelia Anjos, Pedro A BelchiorAbstract:Abstract Alternative technologies have been extensively investigated towards a more sustainable ageing of red wine, but few studies were made on wine spirits. Moreover, the effect of micro-oxygenation on wine spirits’ ageing is still unknown. This work examined the effect of micro-oxygenation and wood staves applied in 1000 L stainless steel tanks versus 250 L wooden barrels on the phenolic composition and chromatic characteristics acquired by the wine spirit over the first six months of ageing. Two different kinds of wood, Limousin oak and chestnut, were used. Significantly higher total phenolic content and individual contents of low molecular weight phenolic compounds (syringic acid, ellagic acid, vanillin, syringaldehyde, coniferaldehyde, sinapaldehyde and umbelliferone) were obtained with micro-oxygenation and staves than with barrels, for both kinds of wood. Accordingly, greater colour evolution (lower lightness, higher saturation and higher intensities of red, yellow and brown hues) was achieved in the former. These results were ascribed to a faster extraction and its balance with several phenomena involving the wood-derived compounds in the specific environment created by the direct supply of oxygen. A synergistic effect between the alternative Technology and the chestnut wood was also observed.
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extraction oxidation kinetics of low molecular weight compounds in wine brandy resulting from different ageing technologies
Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Sara Canas, Ilda Caldeira, Pedro A BelchiorAbstract:This study provides innovative information on the influence of new technologies of ageing (stainless steel tanks with wood staves or wood tablets of chestnut or Limousin oak), in comparison with Traditional Technology (oak wooden barrels), on the extraction/oxidation kinetics of low molecular weight compounds of wine brandy. The brandy was sampled and analysed by HPLC during the first year of ageing. The results show that most of the compounds tend to increase over the time, but their extraction/oxidation kinetics depend on the ageing Technology. The wooden barrels promote greater enrichment in the majority of the compounds. However, gallic acid, ellagic acid and syringaldehyde, and vanillin and 5-methylfurfural, which are strong antioxidants and key-odourant compounds, respectively, present higher contents in the brandy aged with the alternative technologies. Chestnut proves to be a suitable alternative to Limousin oak for the ageing of brandy in all the studied technologies, inducing faster evolution and high quality.
Marjan J Hummel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing medical technologies in development a new paradigm of medical Technology assessment
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 2000Co-Authors: Marjan J Hummel, Wouter Van Rossum, Gijsbertus Jacob Verkerke, Gerhard RakhorstAbstract:Objective: Our study aims to provide a practical contribution to the field of medical Technology assessment within a new paradigm. This paradigm indicates the need for more comprehensive Technology assessments in the development stage of a new Technology. - Method: We introduce a method, based on Saaty’s Analytic Hierarchy Process, which quantitatively supports discussions between the various actors that shape the Technology’s development and diffusion. These discussions focus on technical, medical, social, and economical requirements relevant to the design and diffusion of the new Technology. - Discussion: In contrast to more Traditional Technology assessments, our method encompasses the perspectives of the diverse actors in the social context of Technology development and diffusion. It influences their decision making on Technology design and diffusion in order to improve this Technology’s later clinical as well as social effectiveness.
