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Mark A. Schmuckler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A question of questions: comments on Wagman and Miller.
    Developmental psychobiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Mark A. Schmuckler
    Abstract:

    In their target article, Wagman and Miller (2003) have systematically discussed and compared a pair of intriguing theories—the ecological approach to perception, formulated by James and Eleanor Gibson (e.g., E. J. Gibson, 1984; E. J. Gibson & Pick, 2000; J. J. Gibson, 1950, 1966, 1979), and the Transactional approach to behavioral development, formulated by Daniel Lehrman (e.g., 1953, 1970). By establishing a basis of common ground between these two theories, these authors have provided a singular service to both perceptual psychologists (familiar and unfamiliar with the ecological approach) and to psychologists interested in developmental processes (familiar and unfamiliar with the Transactional View). Most importantly, this reView of these two frameworks is of particular interest to researchers positioned at the intersection of these groups—developmental psychologists interested in the acquisition and functioning of perceptual (and possible motor and cognitive) abilities. Somewhat inevitably, any ambitious attempt (such as this) to reView and integrate multiple bodies of theoretical work is bound to raise at least as many questions as it answers. Whereas such a work should not be either defined by, or worse—faulted for, the issues it broaches but ultimately does not resolve, it is correspondingly true that consideration of such unanswered questions is almost as illuminating as considering the issues that are addressed. In other words, one can learn as much by recognizing what they do not know as by what they do. In this spirit, and because Wagman and Miller do such an exemplary job of addressing the issues they set out to cover, this commentary will focus not so much on what is discussed in the target article as what is not brought out. Such an approach is useful not only for highlighting what might simply be omissions in theoretical explications, but more importantly, it could delineate areas that are ripe for further thought and theoretical innovation. To accomplish this goal, this commentary raises a series of undiscussed issues that are motivated, or in some other way related, to some of the main themes broached by Wagman and Miller’s target article. Following a short historical query concerning the underpinnings of these theoretical Views, two related issues are considered—that of the nature of the comparison being offered between these two approaches and the importance of considering the distinction between theories and models related to these two approaches.

Andreas Wald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Franz J. Neyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Personality and Social Network Effects on Romantic Relationships: A Dyadic Approach
    European Journal of Personality, 2004
    Co-Authors: Franz J. Neyer, Daniel Voigt
    Abstract:

    The quality of romantic relationships and their associations with both partners’ personality traits and social networks were studied in 100 younger couples. The similarity of partners was modest with respect to personality traits, and moderate to large with respect to the perceived quality of the partner relationship and their social networks. While similarity in personality was unrelated to relationship quality, dyadic analyses showed that one’s perceived quality of relationship was better predicted by one’s own personality (i.e. actor effects) than by the personality of one’s partner (i.e. partner effects). Moreover, relationship quality could to some extent be predicted by the quality of the social network once the personality traits of each partner were controlled. Results are discussed from a Transactional View of personality and relationships. Copyright # 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  • Personality-Relationship transaction in young adulthood.
    Journal of personality and social psychology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Franz J. Neyer, Jens B. Asendorpf
    Abstract:

    Personality and social relationships were assessed twice across a 4-year period in a general population sample of 489 German young adults. Two kinds of personality-relationship transaction were observed. First, mean-level change in personality toward maturity (e.g., increase in Conscientiousness and decrease in Neuroticism) was moderated by the transition to partnership but was independent of other developmental transitions. Second, individual differences in personality traits predicted social relationships much better than vice versa. Specifically, once initial correlations were controlled for, Extraversion, Shyness, Neuroticism, self-esteem, and Agreeableness predicted change in various qualities of relationships (especially with friends and colleagues), whereas only quality of relationships with preschool children predicted later Extraversion and Neuroticism. Consequences for the Transactional View of personality in young adulthood are discussed.

Gretchen Owocki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Critical lessons from the Transactional perspective on early literacy research
    Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 2004
    Co-Authors: Kathryn F. Whitmore, Prisca Martens, Yetta M. Goodman, Gretchen Owocki
    Abstract:

    This article is a synthesis of early literacy research organized according to critical lessons that delineate our shared knowledge base that we name a ‘Transactional perspective on early literacy development.’ The critical lessons are grouped into three sets to present the continuum of methodological stances that interpretive researchers take as they design and carry out early literacy studies. This synthesis is particularly timely now – as children and teachers in classrooms around the world struggle to maintain control over literacy learning and teaching within narrow governmental agendas and mandates. Given current governmental agendas (i.e. No Child Left Behind in the USA, the National Literacy Strategy in the UK, among many), it is critical to remember that we share a robust theory, a Transactional View of early literacy development that explains how young children come to be literate members of society.

Jens B. Asendorpf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Personality-Relationship transaction in young adulthood.
    Journal of personality and social psychology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Franz J. Neyer, Jens B. Asendorpf
    Abstract:

    Personality and social relationships were assessed twice across a 4-year period in a general population sample of 489 German young adults. Two kinds of personality-relationship transaction were observed. First, mean-level change in personality toward maturity (e.g., increase in Conscientiousness and decrease in Neuroticism) was moderated by the transition to partnership but was independent of other developmental transitions. Second, individual differences in personality traits predicted social relationships much better than vice versa. Specifically, once initial correlations were controlled for, Extraversion, Shyness, Neuroticism, self-esteem, and Agreeableness predicted change in various qualities of relationships (especially with friends and colleagues), whereas only quality of relationships with preschool children predicted later Extraversion and Neuroticism. Consequences for the Transactional View of personality in young adulthood are discussed.