The Experts below are selected from a list of 1989 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Andrea B. Hollingshead - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
communication in Transactive Memory systems a review and multidimensional network perspective
Small Group Research, 2021Co-Authors: Bei Yan, Andrea B. Hollingshead, Kristen S Alexander, Ignacio Cruz, Sonia Jawaid ShaikhAbstract:The comprehensive review synthesizes 64 empirical studies on communication and Transactive Memory systems (TMS). The results reveal that (a) a TMS forms through communication about expertise; (b) a...
-
Differentiated Versus Integrated Transactive Memory Effectiveness: It Depends on the Task
Group Dynamics: Theory Research and Practice, 2010Co-Authors: Naina Gupta, Andrea B. HollingsheadAbstract:This study examined the relations between task type, Transactive Memory, and group performance. Twenty-three-person groups collaborated on two group tasks: a recall task and an intellective task. The type of Transactive Memory system imposed on the group (differentiated or integrated) was manipulated. Although there were no statistically significant performance differences between the two types of Transactive Memory systems on the recall task, the results showed that groups with an integrated Transactive Memory system completed an intellective task faster and had greater accuracy than those with a differentiated Transactive Memory system. Groups with an integrated Transactive Memory reported more helping, error correction, and collaboration, whereas groups with a differentiated Transactive Memory reported more clarity in the division of responsibility. A content analysis of the videotaped interactions showed that groups with an integrated Transactive Memory demonstrated behaviors emphasizing the use of shared information, whereas groups with a differentiated Transactive Memory demonstrated behaviors emphasizing the use of unique information.
-
Transactive Memory Systems in Organizations: Matching Tasks, Expertise, and People
Organization Science, 2004Co-Authors: David P. Brandon, Andrea B. HollingsheadAbstract:Transactive Memory is the shared division of cognitive labor with respect to the encoding, storage, retrieval, and communication of information from different knowledge domains, which often develops in groups and can lead to greater efficiency and effectiveness. Although discussions of Transactive Memory theory suggest that components of the theory are dynamic, research tends to treat Transactive Memory as evolving linearly, using static measures rather than assessing development over time. In response, we offer a model emphasizing both linear and cyclical aspects of Transactive Memory development in work groups, and we propose that task is a major influence on developmental processes. We introduce task representation and the task-expertise-person (TEP) unit as basic constructs involved in Transactive Memory development, and we provide a dynamic model of how TEP units are constructed, evaluated, and utilized. Regarding observable changes over time, we propose that Transactive Memory systems can vary in terms of accuracy (the degree to which group members' perceptions about others' task-related expertise are accurate), sharedness (the degree to which members have a shared representation of the Transactive Memory system), and validation (the degree to which group members participate in the Transactive Memory system). Convergence is the optimal state of Transactive Memory systems and reflects high levels of accuracy, sharedness, and validation.
-
Communication and Transactive Memory Systems
2003Co-Authors: Andrea B. Hollingshead, Brandon DavidAbstract:Transactive Memory theory views communication as a valuable (but not perfect) tool for learning, storing, and retrieving information from other people. In this essay, we review research on Transactive Memory systems and elaborate on the role of communication in the development and use of such systems. In contrast to Pavitt (2003), we believe that communication can, under some conditions, facilitate the development of an effective group Memory system.
-
Potential Benefits of Communication in Transactive Memory Systems
Human Communication Research, 2003Co-Authors: Andrea B. Hollingshead, David P. BrandonAbstract:Transactive Memory theory views communication as a valuable (but not perfect) tool for learning, storing, and retrieving information from other people. In this essay, we review research on Transactive Memory systems and elaborate on the role of communication in the development and use of such systems. In contrast to Pavitt (2003), we believe that communication can, under some conditions, facilitate the development of an effective group Memory system.
Estelle Michinov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Multilevel influences of team identification and Transactive Memory on team effectiveness
Team Performance Management, 2018Co-Authors: Estelle Michinov, Jacques JuhelAbstract:The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of Transactive Memory between team identification and two outcomes of team effectiveness (i.e. team member satisfaction and team performance). Data were obtained from a survey among 502 employees working in 53 teams, and analyzed by Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling. Results showed that Transactive Memory partially mediated the relationship between team identification and team effectiveness at the individual level. Moreover, Transactive Memory, specifically the coordination component, fully mediated the relationship between team identification and team effectiveness at the team level. The study used a cross-sectional design for the questionnaire and no objective measure of team performance. Managers who want to develop effective work teams may be advised to organize team-building activities to strengthen both affective and cognitive aspects. This is the first empirical study to examine the relationships between team identification, Transactive Memory and team effectiveness from a multilevel perspective.
-
Multilevel influences of team identification and Transactive Memory on team effectiveness
Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Estelle Michinov, Jacques JuhelAbstract:Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of Transactive Memory between team identification and two outcomes of team effectiveness (i.e. team member satisfaction and team performance). Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained from a survey among 502 employees working in 53 teams, and analyzed by Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling. Findings Results showed that Transactive Memory partially mediated the relationship between team identification and team effectiveness at the individual level. Moreover, Transactive Memory, specifically the coordination component, fully mediated the relationship between team identification and team effectiveness at the team level. Research limitations/implications The study used a cross-sectional design for the questionnaire and no objective measure of team performance. Practical implications Managers who want to develop effective work teams may be advised to organize team-building activities to strengthen both affective and cognitive aspects. Originality value This is the first empirical study to examine the relationships between team identification, Transactive Memory and team effectiveness from a multilevel perspective.
-
When self-construal priming influences the relationship between Transactive Memory and group performance
Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale = International review of social psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Estelle Michinov, Célia BlanchetAbstract:The goal of this study was to examine the effect of self-construal activation on the relationship between Transactive Memory and group performance. We did this by administering a self-construal (independent or interdependent) priming task to participants divided into 32 same-sex triads, which were then asked to perform an assembly task. We evaluated group performance by counting the number of task-related errors each group committed. Transactive Memory was assessed by analyzing video recordings of interactions during the task and by self-report measures. As expected, the results showed that self-construal activation moderated the relationship between Transactive Memory and group performance. The specialization component of Transactive Memory was associated with fewer performance errors on the assembly task when group members had performed the independent self-construal activation task versus the interdependent self-construal activation task. Our results provide further evidence for the effects of self-construal priming on expertise recognition processes and group performance.
-
relationships between stress social support and Transactive Memory among humanitarian aid workers
International Journal of Emergency Management, 2014Co-Authors: Célia Blanchet, Estelle MichinovAbstract:This study examines coordination processes (Transactive Memory) among humanitarian aid workers, and the relationships between stress, social support and Transactive Memory. Sixty humanitarian aid workers from non-governmental organisations completed a questionnaire. The measures included scales of Transactive Memory, perceived stress, compassion fatigue and social support. Data from partial least squares (PLS) showed that Transactive Memory is not structured identically among stable teams and humanitarian aid teams: Transactive Memory is essentially based on tacit coordination processes among humanitarian aid workers. The results showed that stress was negatively related to Transactive Memory and that social support was positively related to it. Moreover, social support was not a moderator of the relationship between stress and Transactive Memory. This study highlights the need to develop programmes to prepare humanitarian aid workers for the management of emergency situations and to protect them from stress.
-
Relationships between stress, social support and Transactive Memory among humanitarian aid workers
International Journal of Emergency Management, 2014Co-Authors: Célia Blanchet, Estelle MichinovAbstract:This study aimed to examine coordination processes (Transactive Memory) among humanitarian aid workers, and the relationships between stress, social support and Transactive Memory. Sixty humanitarian aid workers from non-governmental organizations completed a questionnaire. The measures included scales of Transactive Memory, perceived stress, compassion fatigue and social support. Data from Partial Least Squares (PLS) showed that Transactive Memory is not structured identically among stable teams and humanitarian aid teams: Transactive Memory is essentially based on tacit coordination processes among humanitarian aid workers. The results showed that stress was negatively related to Transactive Memory and that social support was positively related to it. Moreover, social support was not a moderator of the relationship between stress and Transactive Memory. This study highlights the need to develop programs to prepare humanitarian aid workers for the management of emergency situations and to protect them from stress. Keywords: emergency, humanitarian aid workers, social support, stress, team coordination, Transactive Memory
Zeki Simsek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Distributed Cognition in Top Management Teams and Organizational Ambidexterity The Influence of Transactive Memory Systems
Journal of Management, 2016Co-Authors: Ciaran Heavey, Zeki SimsekAbstract:How can a firm develop, distribute, and use knowledge more effectively and efficiently in ways that increase its ability to pursue an ambidextrous orientation? Synthesizing insights from social cognition and upper-echelons perspectives, we offer a new theoretical vantage point that brings the role of top management teams’ cognitive structure to the fore and, in particular, the enabling influence of Transactive Memory systems. We argue that Transactive Memory provides a top management team with a system for generating, distributing, and integrating knowledge based on members’ specific areas of expertise in ways that increase its ability to both differentiate and integrate strategic agendas for ambidexterity. From a multisource study of top management teams in a sample of technology-based small-to-medium-sized firms, we find that while top management teams with well-developed Transactive Memory systems are able to pursue an ambidextrous orientation, the impact of Transactive Memory is also shaped by diverse...
-
Transactive Memory Systems and Firm Performance: An Upper Echelons Perspective
Organization Science, 2015Co-Authors: Ciaran Heavey, Zeki SimsekAbstract:A substantial body of research uses the concept of Transactive Memory systems to describe, explain, and predict the behavior and performance of teams. In a multirespondent study of 99 small to midsized technology-based firms, we extend the concept into the unique context of top management teams and discuss its implications for firm performance. Building on the multifunctional and boundary-spanning role of top managers, we develop a novel theoretical account of how the performance implications of Transactive Memory are shaped by the individual and conjoint influences of a top management team's external social network ties and the rate of dynamism in the firm's competitive environment. In so doing, we link top management team Transactive Memory to firm performance through transformation-more than through application-of existing scholarly understanding and through distinct operating mechanisms informed by an upper echelons perspective of the firm. Our theory and supportive findings provide new evidence on the relationship between Transactive Memory and firm performance. We conclude by tracing the implications of our findings for upper echelons and Transactive Memory research.
Yair Wand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Understanding Technology Support for Organizational Transactive Memory: Requirements, Application, and Customization
Journal of Management Information Systems, 2012Co-Authors: Dorit Nevo, Izak Benbasat, Yair WandAbstract:Transactive Memory is an effective mechanism for locating and coordinating expertise in small groups and has been shown to hold numerous benefits for groups and organizations. To extend Transactive Memory beyond the scope of small groups, researchers have proposed the use of information technology IT. This paper provides an integrated discussion of our knowledge from three studies concerning IT support in Transactive Memory in organizations. Focusing on meta-Memory, which is at the heart of Transactive Memory systems, we examine what meta-Memory is maintained by members of Transactive Memory systems, whether providing this meta-Memory in a technology-mediated environment can lead to Transactive Memory development, whether IT can realistically provide this meta-Memory, and whether different requirements exist for different users and in different stages of Transactive Memory development. We discuss the implications of these studies to both research and practice.
-
Organizational Memory information systems: a Transactive Memory approach
Decision Support Systems, 2005Co-Authors: Dorit Nevo, Yair WandAbstract:Effective management of organizational Memory (OM) is critical to collaboration and knowledge sharing in organizations. We present a framework for managing organizational Memory based on Transactive Memory, a mechanism of collective Memory in small groups. While being effective in small groups, there are difficulties hindering the extension of Transactive Memory to larger groups. We claim that information technology can be used to help overcome these difficulties. We present a formal architecture for directories of meta-memories required in extended Transactive Memory systems and propose the use of meta-knowledge to substitute for the lack of tacit group knowledge that exists in small groups.
Ciaran Heavey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Distributed Cognition in Top Management Teams and Organizational Ambidexterity The Influence of Transactive Memory Systems
Journal of Management, 2016Co-Authors: Ciaran Heavey, Zeki SimsekAbstract:How can a firm develop, distribute, and use knowledge more effectively and efficiently in ways that increase its ability to pursue an ambidextrous orientation? Synthesizing insights from social cognition and upper-echelons perspectives, we offer a new theoretical vantage point that brings the role of top management teams’ cognitive structure to the fore and, in particular, the enabling influence of Transactive Memory systems. We argue that Transactive Memory provides a top management team with a system for generating, distributing, and integrating knowledge based on members’ specific areas of expertise in ways that increase its ability to both differentiate and integrate strategic agendas for ambidexterity. From a multisource study of top management teams in a sample of technology-based small-to-medium-sized firms, we find that while top management teams with well-developed Transactive Memory systems are able to pursue an ambidextrous orientation, the impact of Transactive Memory is also shaped by diverse...
-
Transactive Memory Systems and Firm Performance: An Upper Echelons Perspective
Organization Science, 2015Co-Authors: Ciaran Heavey, Zeki SimsekAbstract:A substantial body of research uses the concept of Transactive Memory systems to describe, explain, and predict the behavior and performance of teams. In a multirespondent study of 99 small to midsized technology-based firms, we extend the concept into the unique context of top management teams and discuss its implications for firm performance. Building on the multifunctional and boundary-spanning role of top managers, we develop a novel theoretical account of how the performance implications of Transactive Memory are shaped by the individual and conjoint influences of a top management team's external social network ties and the rate of dynamism in the firm's competitive environment. In so doing, we link top management team Transactive Memory to firm performance through transformation-more than through application-of existing scholarly understanding and through distinct operating mechanisms informed by an upper echelons perspective of the firm. Our theory and supportive findings provide new evidence on the relationship between Transactive Memory and firm performance. We conclude by tracing the implications of our findings for upper echelons and Transactive Memory research.
