The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zuoyan Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a controllable on off strategy for the reproductive containment of Fish
Scientific Reports, 2015Co-Authors: Yunsheng Zhang, Ji Chen, Xiaojuan Cui, Daji Luo, Hui Xia, Jun Dai, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:A major impediment to the commercialization and cultivation of Transgenic Fish is the potential ecological risks they pose to natural environments: a problem that could be solved by the production of sterile Transgenic Fish. Here, we have developed an on-off reproductive containment strategy for Fish that renders the offspring sterile but leaves their parents fertile. TG1 (Tol2-CMV-GFP-pA-CMV-gal4-pA-Tol2) and TG2 (Tol2-CMV-RFP-pA-5 × UAS-as/dnd-pA-Tol2) zebraFish lines were established using a GAL4/UAS system. While the parental lines remained fertile, in the hybrid offspring, GAL4 induced 5 × UAS to drive the transcription of antisense dnd, which significantly down-regulated endogenous dnd expression. This disrupted the migration of primordial germ cells (PGCs), led to their apoptosis, and resulted in few or no PGCs migrating to the genital ridge. This process induced sterility or reduced fertility in adult Fish. This on-off strategy is a potentially effective means of generating sterile Fish for commercialization while retaining fertility in brood stocks, and offers a novel method to mitigate the ecological risks of Fish introductions.
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vitreoscilla hemoglobin vhb overexpression increases hypoxia tolerance in zebraFish danio rerio
Marine Biotechnology, 2011Co-Authors: Bo Guan, Yaping Wang, Zhongping Lin, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:Aquaculture farming may benefit from genetically engineering Fish to tolerate environmental stress. Here, we used the vector pCVCG expressing the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) gene driven by the common carp β-actin promoter to create stable Transgenic zebraFish. The survival rate of the 7-day-old F2 Transgenic Fish was significantly greater than that of the sibling controls under 2.5% O2 (dissolved oxygen (DO), 0.91 mg/l). Meanwhile, we investigated the relative expression levels of several marker genes (hypoxia-inducible factor alpha 1, heat shock cognate 70-kDa protein, erythropoietin, beta and alpha globin genes, lactate dehydrogenase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) of Transgenic Fish and siblings after hypoxia exposure for 156 h. The expression profiles of the vhb Transgenic zebraFish revealed that VHb could partially alleviate the hypoxia stress response to improve the survival rate of the Fish. These results suggest that that vhb gene may be an efficient candidate for genetically modifying hypoxia tolerance in Fish.
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the hematological response to exhaustive exercise in all Fish growth hormone Transgenic common carp cyprinus carpio l
Aquaculture, 2011Co-Authors: Yaping Wang, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:This study examined the hematological profiles and responses to exhaustive exercise in 'all-Fish' growth hormone (GH) Transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) compared to non-Transgenic controls. Transgenic Fish had significantly smaller erythrocytes (length, width, surface area and volume), with a larger surface to volume ratios than non-Transgenics. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, blood hemoglobin concentrations, plasma glucose, lactate, cholesterol and protein concentrations between the two strains at rest, but the Transgenic Fish had significantly lower resting mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations (MCHC) or higher plasma triglyceride concentrations than controls. Exhaustive exercise did not induce significant changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentrations and MCHC in either strain. The patterns of elevation and recovery in plasma glucose and lactate were the same for Transgenic and control Fish, although lactate levels were lower in the transgnic Fish than controls at 1 h and 2 h post-exercise. There was a significant elevation in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations for 1 h post-exercise in Transgenics but not in non-Transgenic controls. Plasma protein concentrations were not altered by exhaustive exercise in Transgenics but were lower from 2 h post-exercise in non-Transgenic controls. These findings suggest that the 'all-Fish' GH transgene significantly affects the erythrocyte morphology and the patterns in hematological response to exhaustive exercise of common carp, especially for lipid metabolism. The greater reliance on triglycerides and a greater erythrocyte surface to volume ratio may help Transgenic carp to recover from exhaustive exercise, but further research on muscle metabolism and aerobic metabolic rate are needed in order to confirm this conclusion. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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shortening the breeding period of Transgenic Fish using growth hormone levels as an indicator
Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2010Co-Authors: Y Wang, Shan Zhong, Z Chen, Lei Liao, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:In order to shorten the breeding period of fast-growing Transgenic Fish and reduce the workload of selection, this study introduced a new screening method to detect the growth hormone (GH) serum levels in Cyprinid Fish by the combination of ELISA and monoclonal antibody technology. To test the effectiveness of this new method, the serum GH levels and growth rates between Transgenic carps and controls were examined; at the same time the conventional PCR method was also employed for comparison. In the F-4-generation, which were the descendents of fast-growing Transgenic or normal carps, the serum GH levels between Transgenic and control carps were significantly different by ELISA. Transgenic carp growth rates were consistently and significantly higher than in the controls. Compared with the conventional PCR screening that easily resulted in false positive outcomes, the new screening method by ELISA detection directly selected the effectively integrated Transgenic Fishes, which can remarkably shorten the breeding period of Transgenic Fish.
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integration mechanisms of transgenes and population fitness of gh Transgenic Fish
Science China-life Sciences, 2010Co-Authors: Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:It has been more than 20 years since the first batch of Transgenic Fish was produced. Five stable germ-line transmitted growth hormone (GH) Transgenic Fish lines have been generated. This paper reviews the mechanisms of integration and gene targeting of the transgene, as well as the viability, reproduction and Transgenic approaches for the reproductive containment of GH-Transgenic Fish. Further, we propose that it should be necessary to do the following studies, in particularly, of the breeding of Transgenic Fish: to assess the fitness of Transgenic Fish in an aqueous environment with a large space and a complex structure; and to develop a controllable on-off strategy of reproduction in Transgenic Fish.
Robert H. Devlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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salinity acclimation and advanced parr smolt transformation in growth hormone Transgenic coho salmon oncorhynchus kisutch
Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2017Co-Authors: Jason S Bystriansky, W C Clarke, Mattina M Alonge, Shelby M Judd, Patricia M Schulte, Robert H. DevlinAbstract:Growth hormone (GH) is involved in the parr-smolt transformation of salmonid Fishes, and is known to improve salinity tolerance. This study compared the capacity for seawater acclimation of GH Transgenic coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) (Walbaum 1792) to that of wild-type Fish, allowing examination of responses to sustained (chronic) exposure to elevated GH. GH Transgenic Fish (GH TG) smolted one year in advance of wild-type salmon and showed a greater capacity to hypoosmoregulate in seawater. As GH TG Fish were much larger than the wild-type Fish a second experiment was conducted with three sized-matched groups of coho salmon (a 1+ year-old wild-type group, a 1+ year-old ration-restricted GH TG group and a 0+ year-old fully fed GH TG group). When size matched, the effect of GH transgenesis was not as dramatic, but the feed-rationed TG1+ group exhibited smaller deviations in plasma ion and osmolality levels following seawater exposure than did the other groups, suggesting a somewhat improved hypo...
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upper thermal tolerance of wild type domesticated and growth hormone Transgenic coho salmon oncorhynchus kisutch
Journal of Fish Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Zhongqi Chen, Robert H. Devlin, Anthony P FarrellAbstract:In coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, no significant differences in critical thermal maximum (c. 26·9° C, CTmax ) were observed among size-matched wild-type, domesticated, growth hormone (GH)-Transgenic Fish fed to satiation, and GH-Transgenic Fish on a ration-restricted diet. Instead, GH-Transgenic Fish fed to satiation had significantly higher maximum heart rate and Arrhenius breakpoint temperature (mean ± s.e. = 17·3 ± 0·1° C, TAB ). These results provide insight into effects of modified growth rate on temperature tolerance in salmonids, and can be used to assess the potential ecological consequences of GH-Transgenic Fishes should they enter natural environments with temperatures near their thermal tolerance limits.
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rapid growth accelerates telomere attrition in a Transgenic Fish
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Angela Pauliny, Robert H. Devlin, Jorgen I Johnsson, Donald BlomqvistAbstract:Individuals rarely grow as fast as their physiologies permit despite the fitness advantages of being large. One reason may be that rapid growth is costly, resulting for example in somatic damage. The chromosomal ends, the telomeres, are particularly vulnerable to such damage, and telomere attrition thus influences the rate of ageing. Here, we used a Transgenic salmon model with an artificially increased growth rate to test the hypothesis that rapid growth is traded off against the ability to maintain somatic health, assessed as telomere attrition. We found substantial telomere attrition in Transgenic Fish, while maternal half-sibs growing at a lower, wild-type rate seemed better able to maintain the length of their telomeres during the same time period. Our results are consistent with a trade-off between rapid growth and somatic (telomere) maintenance in growth-manipulated Fish. Since telomere erosion reflects cellular ageing, our findings also support theories of ageing postulating that unrepaired somatic damage is associated with senescence.
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growth hormone transgenesis influences carbohydrate lipid and protein metabolism capacity for energy production in coho salmon oncorhynchus kisutch
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B, 2009Co-Authors: Rosalind A Leggatt, Peter A Raven, Thomas P Mommsen, D Sakhrani, David A Higgs, Robert H. DevlinAbstract:Growth hormone (GH) transgenesis results in increased growth, feed intake and consequent metabolic rates in Fish, and alters the utilization of dietary and stored carbohydrates, lipid and protein. However, the manner in which GH transgenesis differentially alters these energy sources in Fish has not been well explored. We examined the effects of GH transgenesis and dietary carbohydrate, lipid and protein levels on metabolic enzyme activity in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). In white muscle, increased activities of glycolytic enzymes and decreased activities of lipolytic enzymes in Transgenic Fish indicate a sparing of lipids through the preferential use of carbohydrates for energy production. In liver, Transgenic Fish showed increased activity of lipid synthesis enzymes and a shift in amino acid metabolism from catabolic to synthetic roles, suggesting a larger emphasis on anabolic pathways in Transgenic Fish to support accelerated growth. Unlike non-Transgenic Fish, Transgenic Fish fed a diet high in carbohydrates maintained growth rates, had increased capacity for lipid synthesis, and increased potential for biosynthetic roles of amino acids. GH transgenesis influences metabolic reactions in coho salmon by emphasizing carbohydrate degradation for energy production and lipid synthesis, and increasing utilization of lipids and proteins for synthetic roles necessary to maintain accelerated growth.
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gene environment interactions influence ecological consequences of Transgenic animals
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007Co-Authors: L F Sundstrom, Mare Lohmus, Wendy E Tymchuk, Robert H. DevlinAbstract:Production of Transgenic animals has raised concern regarding their potential ecological impact should they escape or be released to the natural environment. This concern has arisen mainly from research on laboratory-reared animals and theoretical modeling exercises. In this study, we used biocontained naturalized stream environments and conventional hatchery environments to show that differences in phenotype between Transgenic and wild genotypes depend on rearing conditions and, critically, that such genotype-by-environment interactions may influence subsequent ecological effects in nature. Genetically wild and growth hormone Transgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were reared from the fry stage under either standard hatchery conditions or under naturalized stream conditions. When reared under standard hatchery conditions, the Transgenic Fish grew almost three times longer than wild conspecifics and had (under simulated natural conditions) stronger predation effects on prey than wild genotypes (even after compensation for size differences). In contrast, when Fish were reared under naturalized stream conditions, Transgenic Fish were only 20% longer than the wild Fish, and the magnitude of difference in relative predation effects was much reduced. These data show that genotype-by-environment interactions can influence the relative phenotype of Transgenic and wild-type organisms and that extrapolations of ecological consequences from phenotypes developed in the unnatural laboratory environment may lead to an overestimation or underestimation of ecological risk. Thus, for Transgenic organisms that may not be released to nature, the establishment of a range of highly naturalized environments will be critical for acquiring reliable experimental data to be used in risk assessments.
Yaping Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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retrospect and prospect of Transgenic Fish breeding in china
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Yaping WangAbstract:The first Transgenic Fish was generated in China about 30 years ago. Since then, considerable progress has been achieved for farmed Fishes breeding with improvement of target traits of growth, disease resistance, stress tolerance, and nutrition qualities. Up to now, the technology of Transgenic Fish breeding is almost mature and the biosafety assessment is established. In this review, a successful example of the fast-growing Transgenic common carp was presented and the foreground of Transgenic Fish breeding was also discussed and prospected.
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vitreoscilla hemoglobin vhb overexpression increases hypoxia tolerance in zebraFish danio rerio
Marine Biotechnology, 2011Co-Authors: Bo Guan, Yaping Wang, Zhongping Lin, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:Aquaculture farming may benefit from genetically engineering Fish to tolerate environmental stress. Here, we used the vector pCVCG expressing the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) gene driven by the common carp β-actin promoter to create stable Transgenic zebraFish. The survival rate of the 7-day-old F2 Transgenic Fish was significantly greater than that of the sibling controls under 2.5% O2 (dissolved oxygen (DO), 0.91 mg/l). Meanwhile, we investigated the relative expression levels of several marker genes (hypoxia-inducible factor alpha 1, heat shock cognate 70-kDa protein, erythropoietin, beta and alpha globin genes, lactate dehydrogenase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) of Transgenic Fish and siblings after hypoxia exposure for 156 h. The expression profiles of the vhb Transgenic zebraFish revealed that VHb could partially alleviate the hypoxia stress response to improve the survival rate of the Fish. These results suggest that that vhb gene may be an efficient candidate for genetically modifying hypoxia tolerance in Fish.
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the hematological response to exhaustive exercise in all Fish growth hormone Transgenic common carp cyprinus carpio l
Aquaculture, 2011Co-Authors: Yaping Wang, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:This study examined the hematological profiles and responses to exhaustive exercise in 'all-Fish' growth hormone (GH) Transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) compared to non-Transgenic controls. Transgenic Fish had significantly smaller erythrocytes (length, width, surface area and volume), with a larger surface to volume ratios than non-Transgenics. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, blood hemoglobin concentrations, plasma glucose, lactate, cholesterol and protein concentrations between the two strains at rest, but the Transgenic Fish had significantly lower resting mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations (MCHC) or higher plasma triglyceride concentrations than controls. Exhaustive exercise did not induce significant changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentrations and MCHC in either strain. The patterns of elevation and recovery in plasma glucose and lactate were the same for Transgenic and control Fish, although lactate levels were lower in the transgnic Fish than controls at 1 h and 2 h post-exercise. There was a significant elevation in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations for 1 h post-exercise in Transgenics but not in non-Transgenic controls. Plasma protein concentrations were not altered by exhaustive exercise in Transgenics but were lower from 2 h post-exercise in non-Transgenic controls. These findings suggest that the 'all-Fish' GH transgene significantly affects the erythrocyte morphology and the patterns in hematological response to exhaustive exercise of common carp, especially for lipid metabolism. The greater reliance on triglycerides and a greater erythrocyte surface to volume ratio may help Transgenic carp to recover from exhaustive exercise, but further research on muscle metabolism and aerobic metabolic rate are needed in order to confirm this conclusion. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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metabolism traits of all Fish growth hormone Transgenic common carp cyprinus carpio l
Aquaculture, 2008Co-Authors: Bo Guan, Yaping Wang, Tanglin Zhang, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:Transgenic animals with improved qualities have the potential to upset the ecological balance of a natural environment. We investigated metabolic rates of 'all-Fish' growth hormone (GH) Transgenic common carp under routine conditions and during starvation periods to determine whether energy stores in Transgenic Fish would deplete faster than controls during natural periods of starvation. Before the oxygen uptake was measured, the mean daily feed intake of Transgenic carp was 2.12 times greater than control Fish during 4 days of feeding. The average oxygen uptake of GH Transgenic Fish was 1.32 times greater than control Fish within 96 h of starvation, but was not significantly different from controls between 96 and 144 h of starvation. At the same time, GH Transgenic Fish did not deplete energy reserves at a faster rate than did the controls, as the carcass energy contents of the two groups following a 60-d starvation period were not significantly different. Consequently, we suggest that increased routine oxygen uptake in GH Transgenic common carp over that of control Fish may be mainly due to the effects of feeding, and not to an increase in basal metabolism. GH Transgenic Fish are similar to controls in the regulation of metabolism to normally distribute energy reserves during starvation. (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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antisense for gonadotropin releasing hormone reduces gonadotropin synthesis and gonadal development in Transgenic common carp cyprinus carpio
Aquaculture, 2007Co-Authors: Wei Hu, Shuangfei Li, Bin Tang, Yaping WangAbstract:Generating Transgenic Fish with desirable traits (e.g., rapid growth, larger size, etc.) for commercial use has been hampered by concerns for biosafety and competition if these Fish are released into the environment. These obstacles may be overcome by producing Transgenic Fish that are sterile, possibly by inhibiting hormones related to reproduction. In vertebrates, synthesis and release of gonadotropin (GtH) and other reproductive hormones is mediated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Recently two cDNA sequences encoding salmon-type GnRH (sGnRH) decapeptides were cloned from common carp (Cyprinus carpio). This study analyzed the expression of these two genes using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in different tissues carp at varying developmental stages. Transcripts of both genes were detected in ovary and testis in mature and regressed, but not in juvenile carp. To evaluate the effects of sGnRH inhibition, the recombinant gene CAsGnRHpc-antisense, expressing antisense sGnRH RNA driven by a carp beta-actin promoter, was constructed. Blocking sGnRH expression using antisense sGnRH significantly decreased GtH in the blood of male Transgenic carp. Furthermore, some antisense Transgenic Fish had no gonadal development and were completely sterile. These data demonstrate that sGnRH is important for GtH synthesis and development of reproductive organs in carp. Also, the antisense sGnRH strategy may prove effective in generating sterile Transgenic Fish, eliminating environmental concerns these Fish may raise. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Bo Guan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vitreoscilla hemoglobin vhb overexpression increases hypoxia tolerance in zebraFish danio rerio
Marine Biotechnology, 2011Co-Authors: Bo Guan, Yaping Wang, Zhongping Lin, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:Aquaculture farming may benefit from genetically engineering Fish to tolerate environmental stress. Here, we used the vector pCVCG expressing the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) gene driven by the common carp β-actin promoter to create stable Transgenic zebraFish. The survival rate of the 7-day-old F2 Transgenic Fish was significantly greater than that of the sibling controls under 2.5% O2 (dissolved oxygen (DO), 0.91 mg/l). Meanwhile, we investigated the relative expression levels of several marker genes (hypoxia-inducible factor alpha 1, heat shock cognate 70-kDa protein, erythropoietin, beta and alpha globin genes, lactate dehydrogenase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) of Transgenic Fish and siblings after hypoxia exposure for 156 h. The expression profiles of the vhb Transgenic zebraFish revealed that VHb could partially alleviate the hypoxia stress response to improve the survival rate of the Fish. These results suggest that that vhb gene may be an efficient candidate for genetically modifying hypoxia tolerance in Fish.
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Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin (VHb) Overexpression Increases Hypoxia Tolerance in ZebraFish (Danio rerio)
2011Co-Authors: Bo Guan, Hu Wei, Wang Yaping, Zhu Zuoyan, Ma Hong, Hu Yuanlei, Lin Zhongping, Hu, W, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, State Key Lab Freshwater Ecol Biotechnol, Wuhan 430072, Peo ChinaAbstract:Aquaculture farming may benefit from genetically engineering Fish to tolerate environmental stress. Here, we used the vector pCVCG expressing the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) gene driven by the common carp beta-actin promoter to create stable Transgenic zebraFish. The survival rate of the 7-day-old F-2 Transgenic Fish was significantly greater than that of the sibling controls under 2.5% O-2 (dissolved oxygen (DO), 0.91 mg/l). Meanwhile, we investigated the relative expression levels of several marker genes (hypoxia-inducible factor alpha 1, heat shock cognate 70-kDa protein, erythropoietin, beta and alpha globin genes, lactate dehydrogenase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) of Transgenic Fish and siblings after hypoxia exposure for 156 h. The expression profiles of the vhb Transgenic zebraFish revealed that VHb could partially alleviate the hypoxia stress response to improve the survival rate of the Fish. These results suggest that that vhb gene may be an efficient candidate for genetically modifying hypoxia tolerance in Fish
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Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin (VHb) Overexpression Increases Hypoxia Tolerance in ZebraFish (Danio rerio)
marine biotechnology, 2011Co-Authors: Bo Guan, Wang Yaping, Zhu Zuoyan, Ma Hong, Hu Yuanlei, Lin Zhongping, Hu WeiAbstract:Aquaculture farming may benefit from genetically engineering Fish to tolerate environmental stress. Here, we used the vector pCVCG expressing the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) gene driven by the common carp beta-actin promoter to create stable Transgenic zebraFish. The survival rate of the 7-day-old F(2) Transgenic Fish was significantly greater than that of the sibling controls under 2.5% O(2) (dissolved oxygen (DO), 0.91 mg/l). Meanwhile, we investigated the relative expression levels of several marker genes (hypoxia-inducible factor alpha 1, heat shock cognate 70-kDa protein, erythropoietin, beta and alpha globin genes, lactate dehydrogenase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) of Transgenic Fish and siblings after hypoxia exposure for 156 h. The expression profiles of the vhb Transgenic zebraFish revealed that VHb could partially alleviate the hypoxia stress response to improve the survival rate of the Fish. These results suggest that that vhb gene may be an efficient candidate for genetically modifying hypoxia tolerance in Fish.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000290039300024&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Biotechnology & Applied MicrobiologyMarine & Freshwater BiologySCI(E)EI13ARTICLE2336-3441
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metabolism traits of all Fish growth hormone Transgenic common carp cyprinus carpio l
Aquaculture, 2008Co-Authors: Bo Guan, Yaping Wang, Tanglin Zhang, Zuoyan ZhuAbstract:Transgenic animals with improved qualities have the potential to upset the ecological balance of a natural environment. We investigated metabolic rates of 'all-Fish' growth hormone (GH) Transgenic common carp under routine conditions and during starvation periods to determine whether energy stores in Transgenic Fish would deplete faster than controls during natural periods of starvation. Before the oxygen uptake was measured, the mean daily feed intake of Transgenic carp was 2.12 times greater than control Fish during 4 days of feeding. The average oxygen uptake of GH Transgenic Fish was 1.32 times greater than control Fish within 96 h of starvation, but was not significantly different from controls between 96 and 144 h of starvation. At the same time, GH Transgenic Fish did not deplete energy reserves at a faster rate than did the controls, as the carcass energy contents of the two groups following a 60-d starvation period were not significantly different. Consequently, we suggest that increased routine oxygen uptake in GH Transgenic common carp over that of control Fish may be mainly due to the effects of feeding, and not to an increase in basal metabolism. GH Transgenic Fish are similar to controls in the regulation of metabolism to normally distribute energy reserves during starvation. (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Kazuo Araki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Homozygous and heterozygous GH transgenesis alters fatty acid composition and content in the liver of Amago salmon (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae)
The Company of Biologists, 2012Co-Authors: Manabu Sugiyama, Hiroyuki Nagoya, Kazuo Araki, Fumio Takenaga, Yoichiro Kitani, Goshi Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Okamoto, Tetsuji Masaoka, Tsukasa MoriAbstract:Summary Growth hormone (GH) Transgenic Amago (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae), containing the sockeye GH1 gene fused with metallothionein-B promoter from the same species, were generated and the physiological condition through lipid metabolism compared among homozygous (Tg/Tg) and heterozygous GH Transgenic (Tg/+) Amago and the wild type control (+/+). Previously, we have reported that the adipose tissue was generally smaller in GH Transgenic Fish compared to the control, and that the Δ-6 fatty acyl desaturase gene was down-regulated in the Tg/+ Fish. However, fatty acid (FA) compositions have not been measured previously in these Fish. In this study we compared the FAs composition and content in the liver using gas chromatography. Eleven kinds of FA were detected. The composition of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (SFA and MUFA) such as myristic acid (14:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7), and cis-vaccenic acid (cis-18:1n-7) was significantly (P
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changes in hepatic gene expression related to innate immunity growth and iron metabolism in gh Transgenic amago salmon oncorhynchus masou by cdna subtraction and microarray analysis and serum lysozyme activity
General and Comparative Endocrinology, 2007Co-Authors: Tsukasa Mori, Robert H. Devlin, Ikuei Hiraka, Youichi Kurata, Hiroko Kawachi, Nobuhiro Mano, Hiroyuki Nagoya, Kazuo ArakiAbstract:Growth hormone (GH) Transgenic amago salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) were generated with a construct containing the sockeye salmon GH1 gene fused to the metallothionein-B (MT-B) promoter from the same species. This transgene directed significant growth enhancement with Transgenic Fish reaching approximately four to five times greater weight than control salmon in F(2) and F(3) generations. This drastic growth enhancement by GH transgene is well known in Fish species compared with mammals, however, such Fish can show morphological abnormalities and physiological disorders like other GH Transgenic animals. GH is known to have many acute effects, but currently there are no data describing the chronic effects of over-expression of GH on various hepatic genes in GH Transgenic Fish. Hepatic gene expression is anticipated to play very important roles in many physiological functions and growth performance of Transgenic and control salmon. To examine these effects, we performed subtractive hybridization (using cDNA generated from liver RNA) in both directions to identify genes both increased and decreased in Transgenic salmon relative to controls (576 clones were isolated and sequenced in total). Heme oxygenase, vitelline envelope protein, Acyl-coA binding protein, NADH dehydrogenase, mannose binding lectin-associated serine protease, hemopexin-like protein, leucyte-derived chemotaxin2 (LECT2), and many other genes were obtained in higher clone frequencies suggesting enhanced expression. In contrast, complement C3-1, lectin, rabin, alcohol dehydrogenase, Tc1-like transposase, Delta6-desaturase, and pentraxin genes were obtained in lower frequencies. Microarray analysis was also performed to obtain quantitative expression data for these subtracted cDNA clones. Analysis of Fish across seasons was also conducted using both F(2) and F(3) salmon. Results of the microarray data essentially corresponded with those of the subtraction data when both F(2) and F(3) Fish were completely immature, but the expression pattern was changed when Fish approached maturation. Genes showing enhanced expression in GH Transgenic Fish in F(2) and F(3) by array analysis were vitelline envelope protein, hemopexin-like protein, heme-oxygenase, inter alpha-trypsin inhibitor, LECT2, GTP cyclohydrolase I feedback regulatory protein (GFRP), and bikunin. Reduced expression genes were lectin, Delta6-desaturase, apolipoprotein, and pentraxin. In particular, lectin was found to be highly suppressed in all F(2) and immature F(3) salmon. Further, serum lysozyme activity, one of innate immunity, was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in both F(2) and F(3) GH Transgenic Fish. These results indicate that the GH transgene Fish had altered hepatic gene expression relating to iron-metabolism, innate immunity, reproduction, and growth.
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fertile and diploid nuclear transplants derived from embryonic cells of a small laboratory Fish medaka oryzias latipes
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2001Co-Authors: Yuko Wakamatsu, Kazuo Araki, Inna Pristyaznhyuk, Katsutoshi Niwa, Tatiana Ladygina, Masato Kinoshita, Kenjiro OzatoAbstract:Fertile and diploid nuclear transplants were successfully generated by using embryonic cells as donors in a small laboratory Fish, medaka (Oryzias latipes). Embryonic cell nuclei from Transgenic Fish carrying the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene were transplanted into unfertilized eggs enucleated by x-ray irradiation. In this study, 1 out of 588 eggs transplanted in the first experiment and 5 out of 298 eggs transplanted in the second experiment reached the adult stage. All of these nuclear transplants were fertile and diploid, and the natural and GFP markers of the donor nuclei were transmitted to the F1 and F2 offspring in a Mendelian fashion. This systematic study proves the feasibility of generating nuclear transplants by using embryonic cells from Fish as donors, and it is supported by convincing evidence.
