The Experts below are selected from a list of 111 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Elazer R Edelman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tissue engineering therapy for cardiovascular disease
Circulation Research, 2003Co-Authors: Helen Marie Nugent, Elazer R EdelmanAbstract:The present treatments for the loss or failure of cardiovascular function include organ Transplantation, Surgical reconstruction, mechanical or synthetic devices, or the administration of metabolic products. Although routinely used, these treatments are not without constraints and complications. The emerging and interdisciplinary field of tissue engineering has evolved to provide solutions to tissue creation and repair. Tissue engineering applies the principles of engineering, material science, and biology toward the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function. Progress has been made in engineering the various components of the cardiovascular system, including blood vessels, heart valves, and cardiac muscle. Many pivotal studies have been performed in recent years that may support the move toward the widespread application of tissue-engineered therapy for cardiovascular diseases. The studies discussed include endothelial cell seeding of vascular grafts, tissue-engineered vascular conduits, generation of heart valve leaflets, cardiomyoplasty, genetic manipulation, and in vitro conditions for optimizing tissue-engineered cardiovascular constructs.
James R Starling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tertiary hyperparathyroidism after renal Transplantation Surgical strategy
Surgery, 1998Co-Authors: Matthew S Kilgo, J D Pirsch, Thomas F Warner, James R StarlingAbstract:Abstract Background: An analysis of our experience with tertiary hyperparathyroidism (III HPT) in renal Transplantations between 1981 and 1996 was reviewed to examine a variety of laboratory and clinical variables in this population. Methods: A total of 3233 kidney Transplantations were performed; 48 patients underwent parathyroidectomy for III HPT. Five patients were excluded from analysis due to the development of renal dysfunction. The index 43 patients were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 31 patients (72%) with either enlargement of all parathyroid glands (n = 26) or 3/4 gland enlargement (n = 5). These patients were assumed to have hyperplasia and underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy or total parathyroidectomy. Group II consisted of 12 patients (28%) with single (7/12; 58%) or two-gland enlargement (5/12; 42%). Group II patients underwent resection of only the enlarged glands. Results: Laboratory and clinical parameters showed no difference between the groups during long-term follow-up. Most patients in groups I and II were eucalcemic after parathyroidectomy. However, postoperative hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia did occur in group I (mean postoperative calcium: group I = 9.29 ± 0.63 mg/dL; group II = 9.42 ± 0.58 mg/dL). Conclusions: Four gland parathyroid enlargement is a frequent finding in III HPT, although asymmetric enlargement can occur. Histologically, this represents sporadic adenomas and asymmetric hyperplasia. Intraoperative findings should dictate Surgical strategy; with asymmetric enlargement only the enlarged parathyroid glands should be resected. (Surgery 1998;124:677-84.)
Hiroki Nishikawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in japan over the last three decades our experience and published work review
Hepatology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Yukio Osaki, Hiroki NishikawaAbstract:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In the last few decades, there has been a marked increase in therapeutic options for HCC and epidemiological characteristics at HCC diagnosis have also significantly changed. With these changes and advances in medical technology and surveillance program for detecting earlier stage HCC, survival in patients with HCC has significantly improved. Especially, patients with liver cirrhosis are at high risk of HCC development, and regular surveillance could enable early detection of HCC and curative therapy, with potentially improved clinical outcome. However, unfortunately, only 20% of HCC patients are amenable to curative therapy (liver Transplantation, Surgical resection or ablative therapies). Locoregional therapies such as radiofrequency ablation, percutaneous ethanol injection, microwave coagulation therapy and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization play a key role in the management of unresectable HCC. Currently, molecular-targeted agents such as sorafenib have emerged as a promising therapy for advanced HCC. The choice of the treatment modality depends on the size of the tumor, tumor location, anatomical considerations, number of tumors present and liver function. Furthermore, new promising therapies such as gene therapy and immunotherapy for HCC have emerged. Approaches to the HCC diagnosis and adequate management for patients with HCC are improving survival. Herein, we review changes of epidemiological characteristics, prognosis and therapies for HCC and refer to current knowledge for this malignancy based on our experience of approximately 4000 HCC cases over the last three decades.
Se-kwon Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chitosan composites for bone tissue engineering - An overview
Marine Drugs, 2010Co-Authors: Jayachandran Venkatesan, Se-kwon KimAbstract:Bone contains considerable amounts of minerals and proteins. Hydroxyapatite [Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂] is one of the most stable forms of calcium phosphate and it occurs in bones as major component (60 to 65%), along with other materials including collagen, chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate and lipids. In recent years, significant progress has been made in organ Transplantation, Surgical reconstruction and the use of artificial prostheses to treat the loss or failure of an organ or bone tissue. Chitosan has played a major role in bone tissue engineering over the last two decades, being a natural polymer obtained from chitin, which forms a major component of crustacean exoskeleton. In recent years, considerable attention has been given to chitosan composite materials and their applications in the field of bone tissue engineering due to its minimal foreign body reactions, an intrinsic antibacterial nature, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the ability to be molded into various geometries and forms such as porous structures, suitable for cell ingrowth and osteoconduction. The composite of chitosan including hydroxyapatite is very popular because of the biodegradability and biocompatibility in nature. Recently, grafted chitosan natural polymer with carbon nanotubes has been incorporated to increase the mechanical strength of these composites. Chitosan composites are thus emerging as potential materials for artificial bone and bone regeneration in tissue engineering. Herein, the preparation, mechanical properties, chemical interactions and in vitro activity of chitosan composites for bone tissue engineering will be discussed.
Mohamed A Ghoneim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multiple arteries in live donor renal Transplantation Surgical aspects and outcomes
The Journal of Urology, 2003Co-Authors: Bedeir Alieldein, Yasser Osman, Ahmed A Shokeir, Ahmed Shehab B Eldein, Hussein Sheashaa, Mohamed A GhoneimAbstract:ABSTRACTPurpose: This retrospective study describes the Surgical techniques and outcomes of live donor renal allografts with multiple arteries.Materials and Methods: Between 1976 and 2000, 1,200 consecutive live donor renal transplants were done, including 1,087 with single (group 1) and 113 with multiple (group 2) arteries. Intracorporeal in situ anastomotic techniques were used for 94 grafts with multiple arteries, while ex vivo techniques were used for 19. During in situ surgery each one of the multiple arteries was anastomosed separately to an individual artery. In ex vivo surgery 2 or more arteries were joined together on the bench to form a common stem, which was then anastomosed to an iliac artery or the aorta.Results: Patient and graft survival were comparable in groups 1 and 2. The 2 groups were comparable regarding complications, including arterial bleeding, hematoma, renal artery stenosis, acute rejection, new onset hypertension, acute tubular necrosis and urological complications. Mean serum c...
