The Experts below are selected from a list of 45348 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Matthew T Feldner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the relationship of sleep quality and ptsd to anxious reactivity from idiographic Traumatic Event script driven imagery
Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2012Co-Authors: Kimberly A Babson, Matthew T Feldner, Christal L Badour, Liviu BunaciuAbstract:Poor sleep quality has been linked to postTraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study provided a test of how poor sleep quality relates to real-time assessment of anxious reactivity to idiographic Traumatic Event cues. Script-driven imagery (SDI) was employed to examine reactivity to Traumatic Event cues among 46 women (mean age = 27.54 years, SD = 13.62; 87% Caucasian) who had experienced either physical or sexual assault. We tested 3 hypotheses: (a) individuals with PTSD would report greater anxiety reactions to SDI than trauma-exposed individuals without PTSD, (b) poorer sleep quality would be positively related to anxiety reactions to SDI, and (c) there would be an interaction between PTSD and sleep quality such that individuals with PTSD and relatively poor sleep quality would report greater anxious reactivity to SDI than would be expected from each main effect alone. Poor sleep quality and PTSD were related to elevated anxious reactivity to trauma cues (sr(2) = .06). In addition, sleep quality was negatively associated with anxious reactivity among people without PTSD (sr(2) =.05). The current findings, in combination with longitudinal evidence, suggest that poor sleep quality following exposure to a Traumatic Event may be a risk factor for anxious reactivity to Traumatic Event cues. Language: en
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specificity of periTraumatic fear in predicting anxious reactivity to a biological challenge among Traumatic Event exposed adolescents
Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2012Co-Authors: Christal L Badour, Kimberly A Babson, Matthew T Feldner, Ellen W Leenfeldner, Heidemarie Blumenthal, Sarah J BujarskiAbstract:Theory implicates periTraumatic fear-based interoceptive conditioning in the development of panic spectrum problems subsequent to Traumatic Event exposure. Relatively little empirical work has directly investigated this hypothesis. The current study tested the hypothesis that level of periTraumatic fear would predict anxious reactivity to a well-established 3-min voluntary hyperventilation procedure administered to 63 adolescents who had experienced a DSM-IV-TR-defined Traumatic Event. This relation was examined after controlling for variance accounted for by postTraumatic stress symptoms, sex, age, anxiety sensitivity, general symptoms of psychopathology, and both periTraumatic helplessness and disgust. As predicted, periTraumatic fear was related to anxious reactivity to hyperventilation-elicited bodily arousal. Specificity tests suggested this relation was specific to periTraumatic fear. Prospective research is now needed to better elucidate the relation between periTraumatic fear and subsequent development of anxious reactivity to bodily arousal and panic spectrum problems.
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marijuana use among Traumatic Event exposed adolescents postTraumatic stress symptom frequency predicts coping motivations for use
Addictive Behaviors, 2012Co-Authors: Sarah J Bujarski, Kimberly A Babson, Matthew T Feldner, Ellen W Leenfeldner, Sarah F Lewis, Christal L Badour, Casey D Trainor, Marcel O BonnmillerAbstract:Abstract Contemporary comorbidity theory postulates that people suffering from postTraumatic stress symptoms may use substances to cope with negative affect generally and postTraumatic stress symptoms specifically. The present study involves the examination of the unique relation between past two-week postTraumatic stress symptom frequency and motives for marijuana use after accounting for general levels of negative affectivity as well as variability associated with gender. Participants were 61 marijuana-using adolescents ( M age = 15.81) who reported experiencing lifetime exposure to at least one Traumatic Event. Consistent with predictions, past two-week postTraumatic stress symptoms significantly predicted coping motives for marijuana use and were not associated with social, enhancement, or conformity motives for use. These findings are consistent with theoretical work suggesting people suffering from postTraumatic stress use substances to regulate symptoms.
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temporal relations between sleep problems and both Traumatic Event exposure and ptsd a critical review of the empirical literature
Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 2010Co-Authors: Kimberly A Babson, Matthew T FeldnerAbstract:There has been growing interest in the interrelations among Traumatic Event exposure, postTraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and sleep problems. A wealth of research has examined the associations among these factors and there is an emerging literature focused on how sleep problems relate to both Traumatic Event exposure and PTSD across time. The current review provides a detailed analysis of studies pertaining to the temporal patterning of sleep problems and Traumatic Event-related factors (e.g., Traumatic Event exposure, PTSD) and draws conclusions regarding the current state of this literature. Research coalesces to suggest (1) exposure to a Traumatic Event can interfere with sleep, (2) PTSD is related to the development of self-reported sleep problems, but evidence is less clear regarding objective indices of sleep, and (3) limited evidence suggests sleep problems may interfere with recovery from elevated postTraumatic stress levels. Future research now needs to focus on understanding mechanisms involved in these patterns to inform the prEvention and treatment of comorbid sleep problems and PTSD.
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alcohol use motives among Traumatic Event exposed treatment seeking adolescents associations with postTraumatic stress
Addictive Behaviors, 2009Co-Authors: Laura J Dixon, Matthew T Feldner, Ellen W Leenfeldner, Lindsay S Ham, Sarah F LewisAbstract:The current study evaluated the linkage between postTraumatic stress symptoms and alcohol use motives among 49 Traumatic Event-exposed adolescents (Mage = 16.39 years). It was hypothesized that postTraumatic stress symptom levels would be positively associated with coping-related drinking motives specifically (cf., social, enhancement, or conformity motives) and that coping-related drinking motives would evidence associations with the hyperarousal and reexperiencing postTraumatic stress symptom types. Findings were consistent with hypotheses, suggesting Traumatic Event-exposed adolescents may be using alcohol to manage postTraumatic stress symptoms.
Michael Kidorf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of Traumatic Event reexposure and ptsd on substance use disorder treatment response
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2016Co-Authors: Jessica M. Peirce, Robert K. Brooner, Van L King, Michael KidorfAbstract:Background A remarkably high rate of Traumatic Event reexposure has been demonstrated in community-based substance users which negatively impacts their substance use disorder (SUD). The rate and effect of such reexposure in treatment is unknown. Despite increasing evidence that a diagnosis of postTraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has little influence on long-term SUD treatment outcomes, it is possible that PTSD symptom fluctuations could have effects.
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Prospective risk factors for Traumatic Event reexposure in community syringe exchange participants.
Drug and alcohol dependence, 2014Co-Authors: Jessica M. Peirce, Robert K. Brooner, Rebecca L. Schacht, Van L. King, Michael KidorfAbstract:Abstract Background Traumatic Event reexposure in injecting drug users is associated with increased drug use and potential for psychiatric symptoms. This is the first study to examine fixed and time-varying factors that are prospectively associated with new Traumatic Event reexposure in injecting drug users. Methods Injecting drug users registered in a syringe exchange program were enrolled in a 16-month parent study comparing strategies to increase drug abuse treatment enrollment. Participants ( N = 162) completed baseline measures of demographics, psychiatric treatment history, and lifetime Traumatic Event exposure. Monthly follow-ups assessed past-month Traumatic Event exposure, days of heroin and cocaine use, criminal activity, and drug abuse treatment participation. Generalized estimating equations models tested the influence of fixed baseline and time-varying factors on Traumatic Event reexposure in the same month, the following month, and two months later. Results Significant fixed risk factors for Traumatic Event reexposure include female gender and past psychiatric treatment. In addition, each past Traumatic Event exposure was associated with an increased likelihood of reexposure. After accounting for all other factors, each day of cocaine use was associated with a small but persistent increased risk of Traumatic Event reexposure. Reexposure to a Traumatic Event in the prior month more than doubled the risk of subsequent reexposure. Conclusions Injecting drug users experience a pattern in which drug use is associated with increased risk of subsequent Traumatic Event reexposure, and Traumatic Event reexposure is associated with further drug use and continued reexposure. Implications for addressing these concerns in injecting drug users are presented.
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Traumatic Event re-exposure in injecting drug users
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Jessica M. Peirce, Ken Kolodner, Robert K. Brooner, Michael KidorfAbstract:Drug users have very high rates of lifetime exposure to Traumatic Events, leading to significant psychiatric complications. In spite of the high rate of lifetime exposure, very little is known about the rate of ongoing re-exposure to new Traumatic Events in drug users. We investigated the rate of Traumatic Event re-exposure in male and female injecting drug users using syringe exchange services in Baltimore (N = 197). Participants were assessed monthly for Traumatic Event re-exposure for 16 months. Averaged over the entire follow-up period, 27% of participants were re-exposed to a Traumatic Event each month and 72% were re-exposed over the 16-month study period. Women were over twice as likely to report any Traumatic Event re-exposure as men (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.54–3.99), with the specific Events of life-threatening illness, death of a loved one, and injury or illness of a loved one being more common in women than men. Traumatic Event re-exposure occurs far more often than previously reported, with women injecting drug users at the highest risk. Reassessment of Traumatic Events may help to identify people most in need and encourage entry into treatment.
Kimberly A Babson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the relationship of sleep quality and ptsd to anxious reactivity from idiographic Traumatic Event script driven imagery
Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2012Co-Authors: Kimberly A Babson, Matthew T Feldner, Christal L Badour, Liviu BunaciuAbstract:Poor sleep quality has been linked to postTraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study provided a test of how poor sleep quality relates to real-time assessment of anxious reactivity to idiographic Traumatic Event cues. Script-driven imagery (SDI) was employed to examine reactivity to Traumatic Event cues among 46 women (mean age = 27.54 years, SD = 13.62; 87% Caucasian) who had experienced either physical or sexual assault. We tested 3 hypotheses: (a) individuals with PTSD would report greater anxiety reactions to SDI than trauma-exposed individuals without PTSD, (b) poorer sleep quality would be positively related to anxiety reactions to SDI, and (c) there would be an interaction between PTSD and sleep quality such that individuals with PTSD and relatively poor sleep quality would report greater anxious reactivity to SDI than would be expected from each main effect alone. Poor sleep quality and PTSD were related to elevated anxious reactivity to trauma cues (sr(2) = .06). In addition, sleep quality was negatively associated with anxious reactivity among people without PTSD (sr(2) =.05). The current findings, in combination with longitudinal evidence, suggest that poor sleep quality following exposure to a Traumatic Event may be a risk factor for anxious reactivity to Traumatic Event cues. Language: en
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specificity of periTraumatic fear in predicting anxious reactivity to a biological challenge among Traumatic Event exposed adolescents
Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2012Co-Authors: Christal L Badour, Kimberly A Babson, Matthew T Feldner, Ellen W Leenfeldner, Heidemarie Blumenthal, Sarah J BujarskiAbstract:Theory implicates periTraumatic fear-based interoceptive conditioning in the development of panic spectrum problems subsequent to Traumatic Event exposure. Relatively little empirical work has directly investigated this hypothesis. The current study tested the hypothesis that level of periTraumatic fear would predict anxious reactivity to a well-established 3-min voluntary hyperventilation procedure administered to 63 adolescents who had experienced a DSM-IV-TR-defined Traumatic Event. This relation was examined after controlling for variance accounted for by postTraumatic stress symptoms, sex, age, anxiety sensitivity, general symptoms of psychopathology, and both periTraumatic helplessness and disgust. As predicted, periTraumatic fear was related to anxious reactivity to hyperventilation-elicited bodily arousal. Specificity tests suggested this relation was specific to periTraumatic fear. Prospective research is now needed to better elucidate the relation between periTraumatic fear and subsequent development of anxious reactivity to bodily arousal and panic spectrum problems.
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marijuana use among Traumatic Event exposed adolescents postTraumatic stress symptom frequency predicts coping motivations for use
Addictive Behaviors, 2012Co-Authors: Sarah J Bujarski, Kimberly A Babson, Matthew T Feldner, Ellen W Leenfeldner, Sarah F Lewis, Christal L Badour, Casey D Trainor, Marcel O BonnmillerAbstract:Abstract Contemporary comorbidity theory postulates that people suffering from postTraumatic stress symptoms may use substances to cope with negative affect generally and postTraumatic stress symptoms specifically. The present study involves the examination of the unique relation between past two-week postTraumatic stress symptom frequency and motives for marijuana use after accounting for general levels of negative affectivity as well as variability associated with gender. Participants were 61 marijuana-using adolescents ( M age = 15.81) who reported experiencing lifetime exposure to at least one Traumatic Event. Consistent with predictions, past two-week postTraumatic stress symptoms significantly predicted coping motives for marijuana use and were not associated with social, enhancement, or conformity motives for use. These findings are consistent with theoretical work suggesting people suffering from postTraumatic stress use substances to regulate symptoms.
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temporal relations between sleep problems and both Traumatic Event exposure and ptsd a critical review of the empirical literature
Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 2010Co-Authors: Kimberly A Babson, Matthew T FeldnerAbstract:There has been growing interest in the interrelations among Traumatic Event exposure, postTraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and sleep problems. A wealth of research has examined the associations among these factors and there is an emerging literature focused on how sleep problems relate to both Traumatic Event exposure and PTSD across time. The current review provides a detailed analysis of studies pertaining to the temporal patterning of sleep problems and Traumatic Event-related factors (e.g., Traumatic Event exposure, PTSD) and draws conclusions regarding the current state of this literature. Research coalesces to suggest (1) exposure to a Traumatic Event can interfere with sleep, (2) PTSD is related to the development of self-reported sleep problems, but evidence is less clear regarding objective indices of sleep, and (3) limited evidence suggests sleep problems may interfere with recovery from elevated postTraumatic stress levels. Future research now needs to focus on understanding mechanisms involved in these patterns to inform the prEvention and treatment of comorbid sleep problems and PTSD.
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smoking Traumatic Event exposure and post Traumatic stress a critical review of the empirical literature
Clinical Psychology Review, 2007Co-Authors: Matthew T Feldner, Kimberly A Babson, Michael J ZvolenskyAbstract:The current review critically examines the extant empirical literature focused on the associations among cigarette smoking, trauma, and post-Traumatic stress. Inspection of the extant literature suggests that smoking rates are significantly higher among persons exposed to a Traumatic Event relative to those without such exposure. Moreover, smoking rates appear particularly high among persons with post-Traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In terms of the direction of this relation, evidence most clearly suggests that post-Traumatic stress is involved in the development of smoking. Significantly less is known about the role of trauma and PTSD in terms of cessation outcome. Limitations of extant work, clinical implications, and key directions for future study are delineated.
Jessica M. Peirce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of Traumatic Event reexposure and ptsd on substance use disorder treatment response
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2016Co-Authors: Jessica M. Peirce, Robert K. Brooner, Van L King, Michael KidorfAbstract:Background A remarkably high rate of Traumatic Event reexposure has been demonstrated in community-based substance users which negatively impacts their substance use disorder (SUD). The rate and effect of such reexposure in treatment is unknown. Despite increasing evidence that a diagnosis of postTraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has little influence on long-term SUD treatment outcomes, it is possible that PTSD symptom fluctuations could have effects.
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Prospective risk factors for Traumatic Event reexposure in community syringe exchange participants.
Drug and alcohol dependence, 2014Co-Authors: Jessica M. Peirce, Robert K. Brooner, Rebecca L. Schacht, Van L. King, Michael KidorfAbstract:Abstract Background Traumatic Event reexposure in injecting drug users is associated with increased drug use and potential for psychiatric symptoms. This is the first study to examine fixed and time-varying factors that are prospectively associated with new Traumatic Event reexposure in injecting drug users. Methods Injecting drug users registered in a syringe exchange program were enrolled in a 16-month parent study comparing strategies to increase drug abuse treatment enrollment. Participants ( N = 162) completed baseline measures of demographics, psychiatric treatment history, and lifetime Traumatic Event exposure. Monthly follow-ups assessed past-month Traumatic Event exposure, days of heroin and cocaine use, criminal activity, and drug abuse treatment participation. Generalized estimating equations models tested the influence of fixed baseline and time-varying factors on Traumatic Event reexposure in the same month, the following month, and two months later. Results Significant fixed risk factors for Traumatic Event reexposure include female gender and past psychiatric treatment. In addition, each past Traumatic Event exposure was associated with an increased likelihood of reexposure. After accounting for all other factors, each day of cocaine use was associated with a small but persistent increased risk of Traumatic Event reexposure. Reexposure to a Traumatic Event in the prior month more than doubled the risk of subsequent reexposure. Conclusions Injecting drug users experience a pattern in which drug use is associated with increased risk of subsequent Traumatic Event reexposure, and Traumatic Event reexposure is associated with further drug use and continued reexposure. Implications for addressing these concerns in injecting drug users are presented.
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Traumatic Event re-exposure in injecting drug users
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Jessica M. Peirce, Ken Kolodner, Robert K. Brooner, Michael KidorfAbstract:Drug users have very high rates of lifetime exposure to Traumatic Events, leading to significant psychiatric complications. In spite of the high rate of lifetime exposure, very little is known about the rate of ongoing re-exposure to new Traumatic Events in drug users. We investigated the rate of Traumatic Event re-exposure in male and female injecting drug users using syringe exchange services in Baltimore (N = 197). Participants were assessed monthly for Traumatic Event re-exposure for 16 months. Averaged over the entire follow-up period, 27% of participants were re-exposed to a Traumatic Event each month and 72% were re-exposed over the 16-month study period. Women were over twice as likely to report any Traumatic Event re-exposure as men (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.54–3.99), with the specific Events of life-threatening illness, death of a loved one, and injury or illness of a loved one being more common in women than men. Traumatic Event re-exposure occurs far more often than previously reported, with women injecting drug users at the highest risk. Reassessment of Traumatic Events may help to identify people most in need and encourage entry into treatment.
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Assessing Traumatic Event Exposure: Comparing the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV
Psychological assessment, 2009Co-Authors: Jessica M. Peirce, Christopher K. Burke, Kenneth B. Stoller, Karin J. Neufeld, Robert K. BroonerAbstract:Post-Traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis requires first identifying a Traumatic Event, but very few studies have evaluated methods of potential Traumatic Event assessment and their impact on PTSD diagnosis. The authors compared a behaviorally specific comprehensive multiple-item Traumatic Event measure with a single-item measure to determine their impact on Traumatic Event identification and subsequent PTSD diagnosis. In a within-subject, counterbalanced design, the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire (TLEQ; E. S. Kubany et al., 2000) was compared with the single-question Traumatic Event assessment in the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID; M. B. First, R. L. Spitzer, M. Gibbon, & J. B. W. Williams, 1998) in 129 participants in opioid-dependence treatment. The TLEQ produced a 9-fold higher rate of Traumatic Events reported by the participants, compared with the SCID. As a result, PTSD diagnoses in the sample increased to 33% after the TLEQ measure from 24% after the SCID. The increase in potential Traumatic Event identification and PTSD diagnosis was greater in women than in men. This study provides strong support for the use of comprehensive Traumatic Event assessments to measure Traumatic Events and PTSD diagnoses, particularly in women.
Janet L. Bell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Traumatic Event Debriefing: Service Delivery Designs and the Role of Social Work
Social work, 1995Co-Authors: Janet L. BellAbstract:Traumatic Events are incidents that lie outside the range of usual human experience and are so powerful that they are capable of overwhelming any person's normal coping abilities and causing severe stress reactions. Traumatic Event debriefing (TED), conducted 24 to 72 hours after exposure to the Traumatic Event, uses a form of intensive group crisis intervention. The method is designed to help reduce acute stress symptoms and accelerate the recovery process, thereby diminishing the subsequent development of postTraumatic stress disorder. Social workers have the precise constellation of skills, social-environmental perspectives, and practice methodologies indispensable both to developing TED teams and to leading the debriefings. This article addresses the evolution of debriefing-type psychological interventions for trauma victims, the debriefing process itself, three environment-specific debriefing team designs, and the unique qualifications of social workers to develop and lead the teams.
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Traumatic Event debriefing service delivery designs and the role of social work
Social Work, 1995Co-Authors: Janet L. BellAbstract:Traumatic Events are powerful and overwhelming incidents that lie outside the range of usual human experience. Such incidents are capable of producing severe stress reactions in any human being, regardless of the person's normal abilities to cope successfully (Figley, 1985, 1986). Stress reactions may last days, weeks, or even longer. If the Traumatic stress is not treated quickly and adequately, postTraumatic stress can result in permanent impairment (Mitchell & Bray, 1990; van der Kolk, 1987). Types of Traumatic Events and Stress Symptomatology Three types of catastrophic Events have been found to result in Traumatic stress: (1) natural catastrophes such as hurricanes, lightning-caused fires, tornadoes, or earthquakes; (2) accidental catastrophes, such as malfunctioning airplanes or vehicles resulting in fatalities; and (3) human-induced catastrophes such as war, assault, robbery, sabotage, hostage-taking, arson, or murder. Individuals exposed to any of these catastrophes are at risk for developing Traumatic stress reactions. However, for people subjected to human-induced catastrophes, the assault on basic life assumptions or normal expectancies is particularly devastating (Figley, 1985; Ochberg, 1988; van der Kolk, 1987). Stress reactions fall within four symptom clusters (Gist & Lubin, 1989; Mitchell & Bray, 1990; van der Kolk, 1987): (1) physiological (for example, diarrhea, sleep disturbance, and trembling); (2) behavioral (for example, hypervigilance; withdrawal; or excessive changes in activity, communication, or interaction); (3) cognitive (for example, poor thinking or concentrating, confusion, flashbacks, and upsetting dreams or images); and (4) emotional (for example, profound depression, fear, anxiety, guilt, anger, or withdrawal). Without intervention during the first hours or days after the trauma (the acute stage), even those individuals who initially appear to have coped well may, without warning, experience these symptoms as particular sights, sounds, smells, or tactile stimuli evoke terrifying memories of the Traumatic Event. Such individuals are at risk of developing postTraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as the symptoms become debilitating and prEvent them from returning to their pretrauma level of functioning. Use of Traumatic Event Debriefings A debriefing is a powerful crisis intervention method designed for groups of three or more individuals who together have experienced a Traumatic Event. Traumatic Event debriefings (TEDs) help reduce symptoms and accelerate the recovery process (Bohl, 1990; Kennedy-Ewing, 1989; McMaines, 1986; Mitchell & Bray, 1990). To decrease the possibility of PTSD, prompt intervention is imperative. TEDs are typically conducted 24 to 72 hours after the individuals have been exposed to the Traumatic Event (Barnett-Queen & Bergman, 1988; Mitchell & Bray, 1990). Gilliland and James (1988) warned that "what occurs during the immediate aftermath of the crisis Event determines whether or not the crisis will become a disease reservoir that will be transformed into a chronic and long-term state". Evolution of Debriefing-Type Traumatic Stress Interventions The study of 20th-century wartime experiences and subsequent readjustment to civilian life of military personnel has contributed extensively to the existing base of knowledge about Traumatic stress. Significant findings include * the discovery that providing soldiers with immediate psychological intervention close to the front lines increased the likelihood of their recovering sufficiently to return to duty * the 1980 identification and delineation of PTSD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, (American Psychiatric Association, 1980), which evolved from post-Vietnam-era treatment of combat veterans' Traumatic stress reactions (Figley, 1985, 1986; Wilson, Harel, & Kahana, 1988) * Veterans Administration use of "rap therapy" as a form of group intervention for combat veterans with PTSD symptoms (Figley, 1986; Goodwin, n. …
