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Ulevičius Vidmantas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Abiotinio streso įtaka aerozolio dalelių masės spektrui miško aplinkoje Lietuvoje
'Lithuanian Academy of Sciences', 2020Co-Authors: Pauraitė Julija, Byčenkienė Steigvilė, Plauškaitė Kristina, Augustaitis Algirdas, Marozas Vitas, Mozgeris Gintautas, Pivoras Ainis, Pivoras Gintautas, Ulevičius VidmantasAbstract:Abiotinio streso veikiami medžiai išskiria lakius organinius junginius (LOJ), kurie yra antrinių aerozolio dalelių (SOA) prekursoriai. Tyrimo tikslas buvo atlikti submikroninių aerozolio dalelių (PM1) masės koncentracijos tyrimus ir šaltinių kilmės atskyrimą medžių abiotinio streso sąlygomis formuojantis SOA. Aerozolio cheminė sudėtis Aukštaitijos integruotoje monitoringo stotyje (IMS LT01) rytinėje Lietuvos dalyje mišraus miško aplinkoje buvo išmatuota aerozolio cheminės sudėties monitoriumi (ACSM). Nustatyta, kad PM1 organikos frakcija sudaryta iš antrinių (76 %) ir pirminių (24 %) aerozolio dalelių. Medžio kamieno skersmens pokyčių analizė parodė tris medžio kamieno skersmens augimo ir susitraukimo epizodus. Esant abiotinio streso sąlygoms, vyksta medžių kamienų skersmens susitraukimo epizodai, todėl išauga m/z 42, 43, 45, 48 ir 50 signalų intensyvumai nuo 5,7 iki 8,8 kartų, o SOA paros koncentracija padidėja nuo 2,7 iki 4,7 kartų. Įprastai augant medžio kamieno skersmeniui m/z signalų intensyvumai ir SOA koncentracija nekinta. Galima teigti, kad augalų patiriamo abiotinio streso atsakas gali būti identifikuojamas per nustatytų m/z signalų intensyvumų pokyčius ir lemti padidėjusią SOA koncentracijąVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by Trees in response to abiotic stress evoke high levels of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) compounds. Few techniques exist to provide chemically-resolved submicron (PM1) particle mass concentrations and source apportionment of stress-induced emissions from Trees and SOA formation. The chemical composition of atmospheric aerosol particles was characterized using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) at a mixed-mature forest site – the Aukštaitija Integrated Monitoring Station in the eastern part of Lithuania. The organic fraction of PM1 consisted of SOA (76%) and of anthropogenic combustion related primary organic aerosol (POA) (24%). The analysis of Tree Trunk circumference revealed three shrinkage and three normal increase episodes. During the episodes of Tree Trunk circumference shrinkage, several m/z signal (m/z 42, 43, 45, 48, 50) intensities were found to be magnified together with the daily SOA concentration. The stress response analysis confirm that Tree Trunk circumference shrinkage may be observed through the enhancement of selected m/z signals and result in increased SOA levelsFizinių ir technologijos mokslų centrasMiškų ir ekologijos fakultetasVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij
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Abiotinio streso įtaka aerozolio dalelių masės spektrui miško aplinkoje Lietuvoje
2020Co-Authors: Pauraitė Julija, Byčenkienė Steigvilė, Plauškaitė Kristina, Augustaitis Algirdas, Marozas Vitas, Mozgeris Gintautas, Pivoras Ainis, Pivoras Gintautas, Ulevičius VidmantasAbstract:Abiotinio streso veikiami medžiai išskiria lakius organinius junginius (LOJ), kurie yra antrinių aerozolio dalelių (SOA) prekursoriai. Tyrimo tikslas buvo atlikti submikroninių aerozolio dalelių (PM1) masės koncentracijos tyrimus ir šaltinių kilmės atskyrimą medžių abiotinio streso sąlygomis formuojantis SOA. Aerozolio cheminė sudėtis Aukštaitijos integruotoje monitoringo stotyje (IMS LT01) rytinėje Lietuvos dalyje mišraus miško aplinkoje buvo išmatuota aerozolio cheminės sudėties monitoriumi (ACSM). Nustatyta, kad PM1 organikos frakcija sudaryta iš antrinių (76 %) ir pirminių (24 %) aerozolio dalelių. Medžio kamieno skersmens pokyčių analizė parodė tris medžio kamieno skersmens augimo ir susitraukimo epizodus. Esant abiotinio streso sąlygoms, vyksta medžių kamienų skersmens susitraukimo epizodai, todėl išauga m/z 42, 43, 45, 48 ir 50 signalų intensyvumai nuo 5,7 iki 8,8 kartų, o SOA paros koncentracija padidėja nuo 2,7 iki 4,7 kartų. Įprastai augant medžio kamieno skersmeniui m/z signalų intensyvumai ir SOA koncentracija nekinta. Galima teigti, kad augalų patiriamo abiotinio streso atsakas gali būti identifikuojamas per nustatytų m/z signalų intensyvumų pokyčius ir lemti padidėjusią SOA koncentracijąVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by Trees in response to abiotic stress evoke high levels of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) compounds. Few techniques exist to provide chemically-resolved submicron (PM1) particle mass concentrations and source apportionment of stress-induced emissions from Trees and SOA formation. The chemical composition of atmospheric aerosol particles was characterized using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) at a mixed-mature forest site – the Aukštaitija Integrated Monitoring Station in the eastern part of Lithuania. The organic fraction of PM1 consisted of SOA (76%) and of anthropogenic combustion related primary organic aerosol (POA) (24%). The analysis of Tree Trunk circumference revealed three shrinkage and three normal increase episodes. During the episodes of Tree Trunk circumference shrinkage, several m/z signal (m/z 42, 43, 45, 48, 50) intensities were found to be magnified together with the daily SOA concentration. The stress response analysis confirm that Tree Trunk circumference shrinkage may be observed through the enhancement of selected m/z signals and result in increased SOA levelsFizinių ir technologijos mokslų centrasMiškų ir ekologijos fakultetasProj. "Vilko ekologijos tyrimai"Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij
Everton Rabelo Cordeiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationship between cyanogenesis and latex stability on tapping panel dryness in rubber Trunk girth
Journal of Plant Interactions, 2014Co-Authors: L A C Moraes, Adonis Moreira, Vicente Haroldo De Figueiredo Moraes, Siu Mui Tsai, Everton Rabelo CordeiroAbstract:The presence of high cyanogenic glycoside concentrations may predispose plant to the tapping panel dryness (TPD). This study aimed to verify the involvement of cyanogenesis in the reduction of latex stability and in the establishment of TPD. The following parameters were evaluated in rubber Tree Trunk bark: concentration of cyanogenic glycosides with determination of cyanogenic potential (HCNp) and latex stability with lutoid bursting index (LBI). The study of the relationship between cyanogenesis and TPD was performed by semiquantitative comparison of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) gas released from the Trunk bark under the following conditions: without (0%) and with (100%) TPD. The positive correlations between HCNp values and LBI indicate that cyanogenic glycosides present in the bark reduce latex stability, resulting in low yield due to the short duration of flow during tapping. The largest amount of HCN released by Trunk bark tissues when the plant exhibits TPD symptoms strengthens the evidence of the involv...
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research article relationship between cyanogenesis and latex stability on tapping panel dryness in rubber Trunk girth
2013Co-Authors: Larissa Alexandra, Vicente Haroldo De Figueiredo Moraes, Cardoso Moraes, Siu Mui Tsai, Everton Rabelo CordeiroAbstract:The presence of high cyanogenic glycoside concentrations may predispose plant to the tapping panel dryness (TPD). This study aimed to verify the involvement of cyanogenesis in the reduction of latex stability and in the establishment of TPD. The following parameters were evaluated in rubber Tree Trunk bark: concentration of cyanogenic glycosides with determination of cyanogenic potential (HCNp) and latex stability with lutoid bursting index (LBI). The study of the relationship between cyanogenesis and TPD was performed by semiquantitative comparison of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) gas released from the Trunk bark under the following conditions: without (0%) and with (100%) TPD. The positive correlations between HCNp values and LBI indicate that cyanogenic glycosides present in the bark reduce latex stability, resulting in low yield due to the short duration of flow during tapping. The largest amount of HCN released by Trunk bark tissues when the plant exhibits TPD symptoms strengthens the evidence of the involvement of this compound in the establishment of this condition.
Z Teklehaimanot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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photosynthesis and biomass production by millet pennisetum glaucum and taro colocasia esculenta grown under baobab adansonia digitata and nere parkia biglobosa in an agroforestry parkland system of burkina faso west africa
Experimental Agriculture, 2012Co-Authors: Josias Sanou, Jules Bayala, Paulin Bazie, Z TeklehaimanotAbstract:SUMMARY Photosynthesis and biomass production by millet (Pennisetum glaucum )a nd taro (Colocasia esculenta )g rown under baobab (Adansonia digitata) and nere (Parkia biglobosa) was studied at Nobere (Burkina Faso) with the aim of optimising parkland systems productivity. Millet yielded the highest biomass under Baobab and the lowest biomass was recorded in the zone close to the Tree Trunk of nere. In contrast, the biomass of taro was higher in heavy shaded zones under nere and the zone close to baobab’s Trunk. The two crops showed an increasing trend of photosynthesis rate (PN) from Tree Trunk to the open area. However, the increase in the PN of taro from Tree Trunk to the open field was lower compared to that of millet. By increasing its leaf area index (LAI) under shade, taro displayed higher biomass production under Tree compared to the open area while an opposite trend was observed in millet. The high millet biomass production under baobab could be explained by light availability and the reduction of temperature under shade compared to the open field. The adaptation of taro to shade by increasing its LAI and thus avoiding drastic reduction in PN under shade resulted in better biomass production under heavy shade. Therefore, it was concluded that by replacing millet with taro under dense Tree crowns the productivity of agroforestry parkland systems could be increased.
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an investigation of the root distribution of parkia biglobosa in burkina faso west africa using a logarithmic spiral trench
Forest Ecology and Management, 1998Co-Authors: H Tomlinson, A Traore, Z TeklehaimanotAbstract:Abstract The root systems of nine mature Parkia biglobosa Trees were excavated using a logarithmic spiral trench. The Trees were well isolated from other Trees and shrubs, and were situated in fallow fields at three sites representative of different vegetation types and climatic conditions in Burkina Faso. The Tree roots extended to at least 10 m from the Trunk, thereby exploiting an area twice that of the crown. The vertical distribution of roots was shallow, with approximately 60% of the roots present in the upper 20 cm of soil, with the highest density of roots occurring at a depth of 10–20 cm. Rooting intensities of Tree roots reached a maximum of 350 m −2 at 1 m from the Tree Trunk in the 0–50 cm soil horizon. Roots larger than 10 cm in diameter were only present in the first 6 m from the Trunk. Soil nitrogen and potassium concentrations were higher close to the Tree Trunk, in the superficial soil layers, suggesting amelioration by the Tree. The results for phosphorus were not conclusive, possibly because of inputs from rock phosphate fertilisers and defecation by cattle beyond the crowns of the Trees. pH showed no change with increasing proximity to the Tree. The pattern of root distribution of the Tree and the amelioration of soil fertility beneath the Tree crown revealed by this study indicate that there is likely to be limited competition for nutrients between the Tree and crops planted beneath the Tree crown. In sub-Sahelian West Africa where soil fertility is a major factor limiting food production, these areas of soil fertility beneath P. biglobosa could be maximised by cultivating crops whose root systems have complementary distribution to that of the Tree, such as sweet potatoes, yams and cassava, peppers and other vegetables.
Laureano Oliva Carrasco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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water storage dynamics in the main stem of subtropical Tree species differing in wood density growth rate and life history traits
Tree Physiology, 2015Co-Authors: Laureano Oliva Carrasco, Sandra J Bucci, Debora Di Francescantonio, Oscar A Lezcano, Paula I CampanelloAbstract:Wood biophysical properties and the dynamics of water storage discharge and refilling were studied in the Trunk of canopy Tree species with diverse life history and functional traits in subtropical forests of northeast Argentina. Multiple techniques assessing capacitance and storage capacity were used simultaneously to improve our understanding of the functional signifi cance of internal water sources in Trunks of large Trees. Sapwood capacitances of 10 Tree species were characterized using pressure–volume relationships of sapwood samples obtained from the Trunk. Frequency domain reflectometry was used to continuously monitor the volumetric water content in the main stems. Simultaneous sap flow measurements on branches and at the base of the Tree Trunk, as well as diurnal variations in Trunk contraction and expansion, were used as additional measures of stem water storage use and refilling dynamics. All evidence indicates that Tree Trunk internal water storage contributes from 6 to 28% of the daily water budget of large Trees depending on the species. The contribution of stored water in stems of Trees to total daily transpiration was greater for deciduous species, which exhibited higher capacitance and lower sapwood density. A linear relationship across species was observed between wood density and growth rates with the higher wood density species (mostly evergreen) associated with lower growth rates and the lower wood density species (mostly deciduous) associated with higher growth rates. The large sapwood capacitance in deciduous species may help to avoid catastrophic embolism in xylem conduits. This may be a low-cost adaptation to avoid water deficits during peak water use at midday and under temporary drought periods and will contribute to higher growth rates in deciduous Tree species compared with evergreen ones. Large capacitance appears to have a central role in the rapid growth patterns of deciduous species facilitating rapid canopy access as these species are less shade tolerant than evergreen species.
Paula I Campanello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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water storage dynamics in the main stem of subtropical Tree species differing in wood density growth rate and life history traits
Tree Physiology, 2015Co-Authors: Laureano Oliva Carrasco, Sandra J Bucci, Debora Di Francescantonio, Oscar A Lezcano, Paula I CampanelloAbstract:Wood biophysical properties and the dynamics of water storage discharge and refilling were studied in the Trunk of canopy Tree species with diverse life history and functional traits in subtropical forests of northeast Argentina. Multiple techniques assessing capacitance and storage capacity were used simultaneously to improve our understanding of the functional signifi cance of internal water sources in Trunks of large Trees. Sapwood capacitances of 10 Tree species were characterized using pressure–volume relationships of sapwood samples obtained from the Trunk. Frequency domain reflectometry was used to continuously monitor the volumetric water content in the main stems. Simultaneous sap flow measurements on branches and at the base of the Tree Trunk, as well as diurnal variations in Trunk contraction and expansion, were used as additional measures of stem water storage use and refilling dynamics. All evidence indicates that Tree Trunk internal water storage contributes from 6 to 28% of the daily water budget of large Trees depending on the species. The contribution of stored water in stems of Trees to total daily transpiration was greater for deciduous species, which exhibited higher capacitance and lower sapwood density. A linear relationship across species was observed between wood density and growth rates with the higher wood density species (mostly evergreen) associated with lower growth rates and the lower wood density species (mostly deciduous) associated with higher growth rates. The large sapwood capacitance in deciduous species may help to avoid catastrophic embolism in xylem conduits. This may be a low-cost adaptation to avoid water deficits during peak water use at midday and under temporary drought periods and will contribute to higher growth rates in deciduous Tree species compared with evergreen ones. Large capacitance appears to have a central role in the rapid growth patterns of deciduous species facilitating rapid canopy access as these species are less shade tolerant than evergreen species.
