The Experts below are selected from a list of 2478 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Monica Jarrett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stool and urine Trefoil Factor 3 levels associations with symptoms intestinal permeability and microbial diversity in irritable bowel syndrome
Beneficial Microbes, 2018Co-Authors: Margaret M. Heitkemper, Cynthia Ko, N Callen, Robert L. Burr, Kevin C. Cain, Robert J Shulman, Emily B Hollister, Monica JarrettAbstract:Previously we showed that urine Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) levels were higher in females with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared to non-IBS females. To assess if TFF3 is associated with symptoms ...
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stool and urine Trefoil Factor 3 levels associations with symptoms intestinal permeability and microbial diversity in irritable bowel syndrome
Beneficial Microbes, 2018Co-Authors: Margaret M. Heitkemper, N Callen, Robert L. Burr, Kevin C. Cain, Robert J Shulman, Emily B Hollister, Jasmine Zia, Claire J Han, Monica JarrettAbstract:Previously we showed that urine Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) levels were higher in females with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared to non-IBS females. To assess if TFF3 is associated with symptoms and/or reflect alterations in gastrointestinal permeability and gut microbiota in an IBS population, we correlated stool and urine TFF3 levels with IBS symptoms, intestinal permeability, stool microbial diversity and relative abundance of predominant bacterial families and genera. We also tested the relationship of stool TFF3 to urine TFF3, and compared results based on hormone contraception use. Samples were obtained from 93 females meeting Rome III IBS criteria and completing 4-week symptom diaries. TFF3 levels were measured by ELISA. Permeability was assessed with the urine lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio. Stool microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA. Stool TFF3, but not urine TFF3, was associated positively with diarrhoea and loose stool consistency. Higher stool TFF3 was also associated with lower L/M ratio and microbial diversity. Of the 20 most abundant bacterial families Mogibacteriaceae and Christensenellaceae were inversely related to stool TFF3, with only Christensenellaceae remaining significant after multiple comparison adjustment. There were no significant relationships between stool or urine TFF3 levels and other symptoms, nor between stool and urine levels. In premenopausal females, urine TFF3 levels were higher in those reporting hormone contraception. Collectively these results suggest that higher stool TFF3 levels are associated with IBS symptoms (loose/diarrhoeal stools), lower gut permeability, and altered stool bacteria composition (decreased diversity and decreased Christensenellaceae), which further suggests that TFF3 may be an important marker of host-bacteria interaction.
Nobuyuki Amino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Decreased relative expression level of Trefoil Factor 3 mRNA to galectin-3 mRNA distinguishes thyroid follicular carcinoma from adenoma
Cancer letters, 2005Co-Authors: Toru Takano, Akira Miyauchi, Hiroshi Yoshida, Kanji Kuma, Nobuyuki AminoAbstract:Abstract The expression level of Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) mRNA is a marker for distinguishing thyroid follicular adenomas from carcinomas. However, when measuring the expression level of TFF3 mRNA in fine needle aspiration biopsies, an appropriate internal control mRNA, of which expression is restricted in thyroid epithelial—derived cells, is necessary, since they are often contaminated with a considerable number of blood cells, which do not express TFF3 mRNA. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of molecular-based diagnosis of thyroid follicular carcinoma by measuring the relative expression of TFF3 mRNA by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using galectin-3 mRNA as an internal control. The TFF3/galectin-3 mRNA ratio (T/G ratio) was measured in 54 follicular adenomas and 29 follicular carcinomas. It was markedly decreased in 7 follicular carcinomas of widely invasive type and with evident distant metastases. When the cutoff point was set at 16.0 by a receiver operator characteristic curve, the TG ratio showed good agreement with the pathological diagnosis [ κ =0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34–0.77]. This agreement was better when the pathologically questionable cases were excluded ( κ =0.72; 95% CI, 0.49–0.95). Quantification of the T/G ratio may be a useful tool for the distinction between follicular adenomas and carcinomas, which is the most difficult in thyroid pathology.
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high throughput differential screening of mrnas by serial analysis of gene expression decreased expression of Trefoil Factor 3 mrna in thyroid follicular carcinomas
British Journal of Cancer, 2004Co-Authors: Toru Takano, Akira Miyauchi, Hiroshi Yoshida, Kanji Kuma, Nobuyuki AminoAbstract:To find mRNAs whose expression differs between thyroid follicular adenomas and carcinomas, a high-throughput analysis of mRNAs in these two tumours was performed. This method, named high-throughput differential screening by serial analysis of gene expression (HDSS), combines a modified method of serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). A total of 40 candidate tag sequences that showed extremely different expression levels between a follicular carcinoma and a follicular adenoma in the SAGE analysis were analysed by real-time quantitative RT–PCR, using RNAs from an additional four typical follicular carcinomas and adenomas. One sequence tag that represents Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) mRNA showed a clear difference in its expression level between adenomas and carcinomas. The expression levels of TFF3 mRNA in 48 follicular adenomas and 29 follicular carcinomas were measured by real-time quantitative RT–PCR using a specific probe for TFF3. They were significantly decreased in follicular carcinomas, especially in widely invasive types and those with evident metastases. These results indicate that the decreased expression of TFF3 mRNA is a marker of follicular carcinomas, especially those with a high risk of invasion or metastasis.
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molecular based diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma germ cell carcinogenesis and aspiration biopsy nucleic acid diagnosis abnd
The Japanese journal of clinical pathology, 2004Co-Authors: Toru Takano, Nobuyuki AminoAbstract:Recent data have shown the existence of specific changes in mRNAs in thyroid carcinomas. It has not been clarified, however, why these changes clearly distinguish benign tissues from carcinomas, while genomic alternation such as mutations in the RAS or P53 genes do not. Further, the widely believed hypothesis, multi-step carcinogenesis, does not explain some clinical and experimental evidence of thyroid carcinomas. Considering these facts, we propose a new idea for thyroid carcinogenesis called "germ-cell carcinogenesis", in which cancer cells are derived from the remnant of fetal thyroid germ cells(thyroblasts) instead of normal thyroid follicular cells. Utilizing such mRNAs, we have established a new method for preoperative molecular-based diagnosis of thyroid carcinomas, Aspiration Biopsy Nucleic Acid Diagnosis(ABND). ABND allows us to perform preoperative nucleic acid analyses of the tumors by extracting RNAs or DNAs from tumor cells obtained by fine needle aspiration biopsies(FNABs). Pathological diagnosis of thyroid follicular carcinoma is quite difficult, and the establishment of preoperative molecular-based diagnosis of follicular carcinoma has been long expected. We found that quantification of the Trefoil Factor 3(TFF3)/galectin-3 mRNA ratio in thyroid tumor cells is a useful tool for distinction between follicular adenomas and carcinomas. Because ABND can be performed without any severe invasion to the patients, in the near future, when more reliable systems of quantitative RNA analysis have been developed, ABND will probably become one of the standard tests for preoperative diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.
Margaret M. Heitkemper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stool and urine Trefoil Factor 3 levels associations with symptoms intestinal permeability and microbial diversity in irritable bowel syndrome
Beneficial Microbes, 2018Co-Authors: Margaret M. Heitkemper, Cynthia Ko, N Callen, Robert L. Burr, Kevin C. Cain, Robert J Shulman, Emily B Hollister, Monica JarrettAbstract:Previously we showed that urine Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) levels were higher in females with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared to non-IBS females. To assess if TFF3 is associated with symptoms ...
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stool and urine Trefoil Factor 3 levels associations with symptoms intestinal permeability and microbial diversity in irritable bowel syndrome
Beneficial Microbes, 2018Co-Authors: Margaret M. Heitkemper, N Callen, Robert L. Burr, Kevin C. Cain, Robert J Shulman, Emily B Hollister, Jasmine Zia, Claire J Han, Monica JarrettAbstract:Previously we showed that urine Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) levels were higher in females with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared to non-IBS females. To assess if TFF3 is associated with symptoms and/or reflect alterations in gastrointestinal permeability and gut microbiota in an IBS population, we correlated stool and urine TFF3 levels with IBS symptoms, intestinal permeability, stool microbial diversity and relative abundance of predominant bacterial families and genera. We also tested the relationship of stool TFF3 to urine TFF3, and compared results based on hormone contraception use. Samples were obtained from 93 females meeting Rome III IBS criteria and completing 4-week symptom diaries. TFF3 levels were measured by ELISA. Permeability was assessed with the urine lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio. Stool microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA. Stool TFF3, but not urine TFF3, was associated positively with diarrhoea and loose stool consistency. Higher stool TFF3 was also associated with lower L/M ratio and microbial diversity. Of the 20 most abundant bacterial families Mogibacteriaceae and Christensenellaceae were inversely related to stool TFF3, with only Christensenellaceae remaining significant after multiple comparison adjustment. There were no significant relationships between stool or urine TFF3 levels and other symptoms, nor between stool and urine levels. In premenopausal females, urine TFF3 levels were higher in those reporting hormone contraception. Collectively these results suggest that higher stool TFF3 levels are associated with IBS symptoms (loose/diarrhoeal stools), lower gut permeability, and altered stool bacteria composition (decreased diversity and decreased Christensenellaceae), which further suggests that TFF3 may be an important marker of host-bacteria interaction.
Toru Takano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preparation of thyroid tumor cells in aspiration biopsies for aspiration biopsy nucleic acid diagnosis.
Head & Neck, 2008Co-Authors: Toru Takano, Hiroshi Yoshida, Takuya Higashiyama, Takashi Uruno, Hiroya Yamada, Akira MiyauchiAbstract:Background The relative expression level of Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) mRNA to galectin-3 (LGALS3) mRNA (T/G ratio) is a useful marker to distinguish thyroid follicular carcinomas from adenomas. However, because of the interference by the simultaneously aspirated peripheral blood cells or infiltrating lymphocytes, the precise measurement of the T/G ratio in aspirates is difficult. Methods We tested 2 methods of selecting thyroid tumor cells and removing blood cells from the aspirates. One method was selection with magnetic beads coated with Ber-EP4 antibody and the other was filtration through a nylon mesh. Results After selection with Ber-EP4 antibody, T/G ratios in aspirates showed varied degrees of difference from those in the corresponding tissues. After mesh filtration, differences in T/G ratios between the aspirates and the corresponding tissues were less than 200% in all 8 cases. Conclusion Mesh filtration of aspirates proved superior results for the measurement of T/G ratio. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
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Decreased relative expression level of Trefoil Factor 3 mRNA to galectin-3 mRNA distinguishes thyroid follicular carcinoma from adenoma
Cancer letters, 2005Co-Authors: Toru Takano, Akira Miyauchi, Hiroshi Yoshida, Kanji Kuma, Nobuyuki AminoAbstract:Abstract The expression level of Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) mRNA is a marker for distinguishing thyroid follicular adenomas from carcinomas. However, when measuring the expression level of TFF3 mRNA in fine needle aspiration biopsies, an appropriate internal control mRNA, of which expression is restricted in thyroid epithelial—derived cells, is necessary, since they are often contaminated with a considerable number of blood cells, which do not express TFF3 mRNA. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of molecular-based diagnosis of thyroid follicular carcinoma by measuring the relative expression of TFF3 mRNA by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using galectin-3 mRNA as an internal control. The TFF3/galectin-3 mRNA ratio (T/G ratio) was measured in 54 follicular adenomas and 29 follicular carcinomas. It was markedly decreased in 7 follicular carcinomas of widely invasive type and with evident distant metastases. When the cutoff point was set at 16.0 by a receiver operator characteristic curve, the TG ratio showed good agreement with the pathological diagnosis [ κ =0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34–0.77]. This agreement was better when the pathologically questionable cases were excluded ( κ =0.72; 95% CI, 0.49–0.95). Quantification of the T/G ratio may be a useful tool for the distinction between follicular adenomas and carcinomas, which is the most difficult in thyroid pathology.
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high throughput differential screening of mrnas by serial analysis of gene expression decreased expression of Trefoil Factor 3 mrna in thyroid follicular carcinomas
British Journal of Cancer, 2004Co-Authors: Toru Takano, Akira Miyauchi, Hiroshi Yoshida, Kanji Kuma, Nobuyuki AminoAbstract:To find mRNAs whose expression differs between thyroid follicular adenomas and carcinomas, a high-throughput analysis of mRNAs in these two tumours was performed. This method, named high-throughput differential screening by serial analysis of gene expression (HDSS), combines a modified method of serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). A total of 40 candidate tag sequences that showed extremely different expression levels between a follicular carcinoma and a follicular adenoma in the SAGE analysis were analysed by real-time quantitative RT–PCR, using RNAs from an additional four typical follicular carcinomas and adenomas. One sequence tag that represents Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) mRNA showed a clear difference in its expression level between adenomas and carcinomas. The expression levels of TFF3 mRNA in 48 follicular adenomas and 29 follicular carcinomas were measured by real-time quantitative RT–PCR using a specific probe for TFF3. They were significantly decreased in follicular carcinomas, especially in widely invasive types and those with evident metastases. These results indicate that the decreased expression of TFF3 mRNA is a marker of follicular carcinomas, especially those with a high risk of invasion or metastasis.
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molecular based diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma germ cell carcinogenesis and aspiration biopsy nucleic acid diagnosis abnd
The Japanese journal of clinical pathology, 2004Co-Authors: Toru Takano, Nobuyuki AminoAbstract:Recent data have shown the existence of specific changes in mRNAs in thyroid carcinomas. It has not been clarified, however, why these changes clearly distinguish benign tissues from carcinomas, while genomic alternation such as mutations in the RAS or P53 genes do not. Further, the widely believed hypothesis, multi-step carcinogenesis, does not explain some clinical and experimental evidence of thyroid carcinomas. Considering these facts, we propose a new idea for thyroid carcinogenesis called "germ-cell carcinogenesis", in which cancer cells are derived from the remnant of fetal thyroid germ cells(thyroblasts) instead of normal thyroid follicular cells. Utilizing such mRNAs, we have established a new method for preoperative molecular-based diagnosis of thyroid carcinomas, Aspiration Biopsy Nucleic Acid Diagnosis(ABND). ABND allows us to perform preoperative nucleic acid analyses of the tumors by extracting RNAs or DNAs from tumor cells obtained by fine needle aspiration biopsies(FNABs). Pathological diagnosis of thyroid follicular carcinoma is quite difficult, and the establishment of preoperative molecular-based diagnosis of follicular carcinoma has been long expected. We found that quantification of the Trefoil Factor 3(TFF3)/galectin-3 mRNA ratio in thyroid tumor cells is a useful tool for distinction between follicular adenomas and carcinomas. Because ABND can be performed without any severe invasion to the patients, in the near future, when more reliable systems of quantitative RNA analysis have been developed, ABND will probably become one of the standard tests for preoperative diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.
Stephen Morris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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economic evaluation of cytosponge Trefoil Factor 3 for barrett esophagus a cost utility analysis of randomised controlled trial data
EClinicalMedicine, 2021Co-Authors: Nicholas Swart, Roberta Maroni, Beth Muldrew, Peter Sasieni, Rebecca C Fitzgerald, Stephen MorrisAbstract:Abstract Background Esophageal adenocarcinoma has a very poor prognosis unless detected early. The Cytosponge-Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) is a non-endoscopic test for Barrett esophagus, a precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Randomised controlled trial data from the BEST3 trial has shown that an offer of Cytosponge-TFF3 in the primary care setting in England to individuals on medication for acid reflux increases detection of Barrett esophagus 10-fold over a year compared with standard care. This is an economic evaluation of Cytosponge-TFF3 screening versus usual care using data from the BEST3 trial which took place between 20th March 2017 and 21st March 2019. Methods A Markov model with a one-year cycle-length and a lifetime time horizon was created, adapting previous modeling work on Cytosponge screening. The impact of one round of Cytosponge screening was modelled in patients with a median age of 69 years (based on BEST3 trial population). Cost-effectiveness was expressed as an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted on model parameters. Findings Per person, one round of Cytosponge-TFF3 screening, including confirmatory endoscopy and treatment, in the intervention arm costed £82 more than usual care and generated an additional 0.015 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) at an ICER of £5,500 per QALY gained. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis gave an ICER of £5,405 (95% CI -£6,791 to £17,600). The average QALY gain per person is small because the majority of patients in the model will not develop BE and therefore will have no resulting change in their utility, however the small proportion of patients who are identified with BE dysplasia or cancer derive large benefit. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000 per QALY, the probability that Cytosponge-TFF3 was cost-effective was over 90%. Interpretation Using data from a pragmatic randomised trial, one-off Cytosponge-TFF3 screen is cost-effective relative to usual care for patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease, despite relatively low uptake and an older population in this trial setting than previously modelled. Improving Cytosponge-TFF3 uptake and targeting younger patients is likely to further improve cost-effectiveness.
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economic evaluation of cytosponge Trefoil Factor 3 for barrett s oesophagus a cost utility analysis
Social Science Research Network, 2020Co-Authors: Nicholas Swart, Roberta Maroni, Beth Muldrew, Peter Sasieni, Rebecca C Fitzgerald, Stephen MorrisAbstract:Background: Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has a very poor prognosis unless detected early. The Cytosponge-Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) is a non-endoscopic test for Barrett’s oesophagus, a precursor of EAC. Randomised controlled trial data from the BEST3 trial has shown that an offer of Cytosponge-TFF3 in the primary care setting in England to individuals on medication for acid reflux increases detection of Barrett’s oesophagus 10-fold over a year compared with the standard of care, which entails referral for an endoscopy if deemed necessary by the primary care physician. The aim of this study was to conduct an economic evaluation of Cytosponge-TFF3 screening versus usual care using data from the BEST3 trial. Methods: A Markov model with a one-year cycle-length and a lifetime time horizon was constructed. The impact of one round of Cytosponge screening was modelled in patients taking medication for reflux symptoms with an average age of 69 years. Outcomes and costs were taken from trial data and published sources. Utilities were derived from the literature. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted on model parameters. Findings: Per person, one round of Cytosponge-TFF3 screening, including confirmatory endoscopy and treatment, in the intervention arm costed £91 more than usual care and generated an additional 0·015 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) at an ICER of £6027 per QALY gained. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis gave an ICER of £5694 (95% CI -£11 816-£22 672). At a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20 000 per QALY, the probability that Cytosponge-TFF3 was cost-effective was over 90%. Deterministic sensitivity analysis suggested that the utility of ‘No Barrett’s oesophagus’ and ‘Low-grade dysplasia’, the starting age of patients screened, the uptake rate and cost of Cytosponge-TFF3, and the prevalence of Barrett’s oesophagus had the greatest impact on the cost-effectiveness of the model: across all the deterministic sensitivity analysis scenarios, the ICER was at most £11 255 per QALY gained. Interpretation: A one-off Cytosponge-TFF3 screen is cost-effective relative to usual care for patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in the UK. Improving Cytosponge-TFF3 uptake and targeting younger patients is likely to further improve cost-effectiveness. Funding Statement: Cancer Research UK funded the BEST3 trial, National Institute for Health Research, the UK National Health Service, Medtronic and the Medical Research Council. Declaration of Interests: RCF is named on patents related to Cytosponge-TFF3 and biomarker assays which have been licensed by the Medical Research Council to Covidien (now Medtronic); RCF is also a shareholder and consultant for Cyted Ltd. All other authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
