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Norhayati Moktar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative Study of Wheatley's Trichrome Stain and In-vitro Culture against PCR Assay for the Diagnosis of Blastocystis sp. in Stool Samples.
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2020Co-Authors: Nabilah Amelia Mohammad, Mohd Fahmi Mastuki, Hesham M. Al-mekhlafi, Norhayati Moktar, Tengku Shahrul AnuarAbstract:Background: This study evaluated the performance of routine permanent stain and cultivation method in comparison with polymerase chain reaction assay as the reference technique to detect Blastocystis sp. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among aboriginal populations that reside in Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia in Feb to Mar 2015. A total of 359 stool samples were examined using Wheatley’s Trichrome stain, in-vitro cultivation in Jones’ medium and PCR assay. Positive amplicons were subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Fifty-six (15.6%) samples were detected positive with Blastocystis sp. by Wheatley’s Trichrome stain and 73 (20.3%) by in-vitro culture, while PCR assay detected 71 (19.8%) positive samples. Detection rate of Blastocystis sp. was highest in combination of microscopic techniques (27.9%). The sensitivity and specificity of Wheatley’s Trichrome staining and in-vitro culture techniques compared to PCR assay were 49.3% (95% CI: 37.2-61.4) and 92.7% (95% CI: 89.1-95.4) and 39.4% (95% CI: 28.0-51.8) and 84.4% (95% CI: 79.7-88.4), respectively. However, the sensitivity [60.6% (95% CI: 48.3-71.9)] of the method increased when both microscopic techniques were performed together. False negative results produced by microscopic techniques were associated with subtype 3. The agreement between Wheatley’s Trichrome stain, in-vitro culture and combination of microscopic techniques with PCR assay were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Wheatley’s Trichrome stain: K = 0.456, P
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comparative study of wheatley s Trichrome stain and in vitro culture against pcr assay for the diagnosis of blastocystis sp in stool samples
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2018Co-Authors: Nabilah Amelia Mohammad, Mohd Fahmi Mastuki, Norhayati Moktar, Hesham M Almekhlafi, Tengku Shahrul AnuarAbstract:Background: This study evaluated the performance of routine permanent stain and cultivation method in comparison with polymerase chain reaction assay as the reference technique to detect Blastocystis sp. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among aboriginal populations that reside in Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia in Feb to Mar 2015. A total of 359 stool samples were examined using Wheatley’s Trichrome stain, in-vitro cultivation in Jones’ medium and PCR assay. Positive amplicons were subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Fifty-six (15.6%) samples were detected positive with Blastocystis sp. by Wheatley’s Trichrome stain and 73 (20.3%) by in-vitro culture, while PCR assay detected 71 (19.8%) positive samples. Detection rate of Blastocystis sp. was highest in combination of microscopic techniques (27.9%). The sensitivity and specificity of Wheatley’s Trichrome staining and in-vitro culture techniques compared to PCR assay were 49.3% (95% CI: 37.2-61.4) and 92.7% (95% CI: 89.1-95.4) and 39.4% (95% CI: 28.0-51.8) and 84.4% (95% CI: 79.7-88.4), respectively. However, the sensitivity [60.6% (95% CI: 48.3-71.9)] of the method increased when both microscopic techniques were performed together. False negative results produced by microscopic techniques were associated with subtype 3. The agreement between Wheatley’s Trichrome stain, in-vitro culture and combination of microscopic techniques with PCR assay were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Wheatley’s Trichrome stain: K = 0.456, P <0.001; in-vitro culture: K = 0.236, P <0.001 and combination techniques: K = 0.353, P <0.001). Conclusion: The combination of microscopic technique is highly recommended to be used as a screening method for the diagnosis of Blastocystis infection either for clinical or epidemiological study to ensure better and accurate diagnosis.
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evaluation of formalin ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques its effectiveness in detecting entamoeba histolytica dispar moshkovskii in stool samples
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2013Co-Authors: Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Fatmah Md Salleh, Hesham M Almekhlafi, Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani, Edariah Abu Bakar, Siti Nor Azreen, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate two routinely microscopic diagnostic methods in comparison with single-round PCR assay as the reference technique to detect Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii . Examination was performed on 500 stool samples obtained from Orang Asli communities in different states of Malaysia using formalin-ether sedimentation, Trichrome staining and single-round PCR techniques. Ninety-three stool samples were detected E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii positive by routine microscopy, while single-round PCR detected 106 positive samples. Additional positives detected by PCR assay were eventually confirmed to be negative by both microscopic techniques. Detection rate of E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii was highest in combination techniques (18.6%), followed by Trichrome staining (13.4%) and formalin-ether sedimentation (11.2%) techniques. Single-round PCR detected 21.2% of the stool samples. The sensitivity and specificity of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques compared to the reference technique were 31.1% (95% CI: 29.0–36.0) and 94.2% (95% CI: 89.8–98.9), and 53.8% (95% CI: 46.0–76.2) and 97.5% (95% CI: 92.8–99.1), respectively. However, the sensitivity [59.4% (95% CI: 48.9–78.5)] of the method increased when both techniques were performed together, but the specificity decreased to 92.4% (95% CI: 81.0–98.0). The agreement between the reference technique, Trichrome staining and combination techniques were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Trichrome staining: K = 0.592, p K = 0.543, p E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii infections either for clinical or epidemiological study.
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Evaluation of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques: Its effectiveness in detecting Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii in stool samples
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2013Co-Authors: Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Hesham M. Al-mekhlafi, Fatmah Md Salleh, Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani, Siti Nor Azreen, Edariah Abu Bakar, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate two routinely microscopic diagnostic methods in comparison with single-round PCR assay as the reference technique to detect Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii . Examination was performed on 500 stool samples obtained from Orang Asli communities in different states of Malaysia using formalin-ether sedimentation, Trichrome staining and single-round PCR techniques. Ninety-three stool samples were detected E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii positive by routine microscopy, while single-round PCR detected 106 positive samples. Additional positives detected by PCR assay were eventually confirmed to be negative by both microscopic techniques. Detection rate of E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii was highest in combination techniques (18.6%), followed by Trichrome staining (13.4%) and formalin-ether sedimentation (11.2%) techniques. Single-round PCR detected 21.2% of the stool samples. The sensitivity and specificity of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques compared to the reference technique were 31.1% (95% CI: 29.0–36.0) and 94.2% (95% CI: 89.8–98.9), and 53.8% (95% CI: 46.0–76.2) and 97.5% (95% CI: 92.8–99.1), respectively. However, the sensitivity [59.4% (95% CI: 48.9–78.5)] of the method increased when both techniques were performed together, but the specificity decreased to 92.4% (95% CI: 81.0–98.0). The agreement between the reference technique, Trichrome staining and combination techniques were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Trichrome staining: K = 0.592, p K = 0.543, p E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii infections either for clinical or epidemiological study.
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wintergreen oil a novel method in wheatley s Trichrome staining technique
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2012Co-Authors: Fatmah Md Salleh, Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Azlin Mohd Yasin, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Permanent staining of faecal smears by Wheatley's Trichrome technique has been used by many scientists for the detection of parasites in the past and it was found to be highly sensitive. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of Wintergreen oil in comparison with xylene in Wheatley's Trichrome staining technique, as the reference technique. In a blind comparison study, 500 collected faecal samples from aboriginal communities were examined. Wintergreen oil was found to be more superior than xylene as a clearing agent in the Wheatley's Trichrome staining of polyvinyl alcohol-fixed faecal smears for the identification of intestinal protozoa. Elimination of toxic, carcinogenic, and fire hazards makes Wintergreen oil the preferred choice in routine parasitology examinations.
Tengku Shahrul Anuar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative Study of Wheatley's Trichrome Stain and In-vitro Culture against PCR Assay for the Diagnosis of Blastocystis sp. in Stool Samples.
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2020Co-Authors: Nabilah Amelia Mohammad, Mohd Fahmi Mastuki, Hesham M. Al-mekhlafi, Norhayati Moktar, Tengku Shahrul AnuarAbstract:Background: This study evaluated the performance of routine permanent stain and cultivation method in comparison with polymerase chain reaction assay as the reference technique to detect Blastocystis sp. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among aboriginal populations that reside in Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia in Feb to Mar 2015. A total of 359 stool samples were examined using Wheatley’s Trichrome stain, in-vitro cultivation in Jones’ medium and PCR assay. Positive amplicons were subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Fifty-six (15.6%) samples were detected positive with Blastocystis sp. by Wheatley’s Trichrome stain and 73 (20.3%) by in-vitro culture, while PCR assay detected 71 (19.8%) positive samples. Detection rate of Blastocystis sp. was highest in combination of microscopic techniques (27.9%). The sensitivity and specificity of Wheatley’s Trichrome staining and in-vitro culture techniques compared to PCR assay were 49.3% (95% CI: 37.2-61.4) and 92.7% (95% CI: 89.1-95.4) and 39.4% (95% CI: 28.0-51.8) and 84.4% (95% CI: 79.7-88.4), respectively. However, the sensitivity [60.6% (95% CI: 48.3-71.9)] of the method increased when both microscopic techniques were performed together. False negative results produced by microscopic techniques were associated with subtype 3. The agreement between Wheatley’s Trichrome stain, in-vitro culture and combination of microscopic techniques with PCR assay were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Wheatley’s Trichrome stain: K = 0.456, P
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comparative study of wheatley s Trichrome stain and in vitro culture against pcr assay for the diagnosis of blastocystis sp in stool samples
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2018Co-Authors: Nabilah Amelia Mohammad, Mohd Fahmi Mastuki, Norhayati Moktar, Hesham M Almekhlafi, Tengku Shahrul AnuarAbstract:Background: This study evaluated the performance of routine permanent stain and cultivation method in comparison with polymerase chain reaction assay as the reference technique to detect Blastocystis sp. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among aboriginal populations that reside in Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia in Feb to Mar 2015. A total of 359 stool samples were examined using Wheatley’s Trichrome stain, in-vitro cultivation in Jones’ medium and PCR assay. Positive amplicons were subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Fifty-six (15.6%) samples were detected positive with Blastocystis sp. by Wheatley’s Trichrome stain and 73 (20.3%) by in-vitro culture, while PCR assay detected 71 (19.8%) positive samples. Detection rate of Blastocystis sp. was highest in combination of microscopic techniques (27.9%). The sensitivity and specificity of Wheatley’s Trichrome staining and in-vitro culture techniques compared to PCR assay were 49.3% (95% CI: 37.2-61.4) and 92.7% (95% CI: 89.1-95.4) and 39.4% (95% CI: 28.0-51.8) and 84.4% (95% CI: 79.7-88.4), respectively. However, the sensitivity [60.6% (95% CI: 48.3-71.9)] of the method increased when both microscopic techniques were performed together. False negative results produced by microscopic techniques were associated with subtype 3. The agreement between Wheatley’s Trichrome stain, in-vitro culture and combination of microscopic techniques with PCR assay were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Wheatley’s Trichrome stain: K = 0.456, P <0.001; in-vitro culture: K = 0.236, P <0.001 and combination techniques: K = 0.353, P <0.001). Conclusion: The combination of microscopic technique is highly recommended to be used as a screening method for the diagnosis of Blastocystis infection either for clinical or epidemiological study to ensure better and accurate diagnosis.
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evaluation of formalin ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques its effectiveness in detecting entamoeba histolytica dispar moshkovskii in stool samples
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2013Co-Authors: Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Fatmah Md Salleh, Hesham M Almekhlafi, Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani, Edariah Abu Bakar, Siti Nor Azreen, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate two routinely microscopic diagnostic methods in comparison with single-round PCR assay as the reference technique to detect Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii . Examination was performed on 500 stool samples obtained from Orang Asli communities in different states of Malaysia using formalin-ether sedimentation, Trichrome staining and single-round PCR techniques. Ninety-three stool samples were detected E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii positive by routine microscopy, while single-round PCR detected 106 positive samples. Additional positives detected by PCR assay were eventually confirmed to be negative by both microscopic techniques. Detection rate of E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii was highest in combination techniques (18.6%), followed by Trichrome staining (13.4%) and formalin-ether sedimentation (11.2%) techniques. Single-round PCR detected 21.2% of the stool samples. The sensitivity and specificity of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques compared to the reference technique were 31.1% (95% CI: 29.0–36.0) and 94.2% (95% CI: 89.8–98.9), and 53.8% (95% CI: 46.0–76.2) and 97.5% (95% CI: 92.8–99.1), respectively. However, the sensitivity [59.4% (95% CI: 48.9–78.5)] of the method increased when both techniques were performed together, but the specificity decreased to 92.4% (95% CI: 81.0–98.0). The agreement between the reference technique, Trichrome staining and combination techniques were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Trichrome staining: K = 0.592, p K = 0.543, p E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii infections either for clinical or epidemiological study.
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Evaluation of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques: Its effectiveness in detecting Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii in stool samples
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2013Co-Authors: Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Hesham M. Al-mekhlafi, Fatmah Md Salleh, Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani, Siti Nor Azreen, Edariah Abu Bakar, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate two routinely microscopic diagnostic methods in comparison with single-round PCR assay as the reference technique to detect Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii . Examination was performed on 500 stool samples obtained from Orang Asli communities in different states of Malaysia using formalin-ether sedimentation, Trichrome staining and single-round PCR techniques. Ninety-three stool samples were detected E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii positive by routine microscopy, while single-round PCR detected 106 positive samples. Additional positives detected by PCR assay were eventually confirmed to be negative by both microscopic techniques. Detection rate of E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii was highest in combination techniques (18.6%), followed by Trichrome staining (13.4%) and formalin-ether sedimentation (11.2%) techniques. Single-round PCR detected 21.2% of the stool samples. The sensitivity and specificity of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques compared to the reference technique were 31.1% (95% CI: 29.0–36.0) and 94.2% (95% CI: 89.8–98.9), and 53.8% (95% CI: 46.0–76.2) and 97.5% (95% CI: 92.8–99.1), respectively. However, the sensitivity [59.4% (95% CI: 48.9–78.5)] of the method increased when both techniques were performed together, but the specificity decreased to 92.4% (95% CI: 81.0–98.0). The agreement between the reference technique, Trichrome staining and combination techniques were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Trichrome staining: K = 0.592, p K = 0.543, p E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii infections either for clinical or epidemiological study.
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wintergreen oil a novel method in wheatley s Trichrome staining technique
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2012Co-Authors: Fatmah Md Salleh, Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Azlin Mohd Yasin, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Permanent staining of faecal smears by Wheatley's Trichrome technique has been used by many scientists for the detection of parasites in the past and it was found to be highly sensitive. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of Wintergreen oil in comparison with xylene in Wheatley's Trichrome staining technique, as the reference technique. In a blind comparison study, 500 collected faecal samples from aboriginal communities were examined. Wintergreen oil was found to be more superior than xylene as a clearing agent in the Wheatley's Trichrome staining of polyvinyl alcohol-fixed faecal smears for the identification of intestinal protozoa. Elimination of toxic, carcinogenic, and fire hazards makes Wintergreen oil the preferred choice in routine parasitology examinations.
Fatmah Md Salleh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of formalin ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques its effectiveness in detecting entamoeba histolytica dispar moshkovskii in stool samples
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2013Co-Authors: Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Fatmah Md Salleh, Hesham M Almekhlafi, Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani, Edariah Abu Bakar, Siti Nor Azreen, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate two routinely microscopic diagnostic methods in comparison with single-round PCR assay as the reference technique to detect Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii . Examination was performed on 500 stool samples obtained from Orang Asli communities in different states of Malaysia using formalin-ether sedimentation, Trichrome staining and single-round PCR techniques. Ninety-three stool samples were detected E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii positive by routine microscopy, while single-round PCR detected 106 positive samples. Additional positives detected by PCR assay were eventually confirmed to be negative by both microscopic techniques. Detection rate of E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii was highest in combination techniques (18.6%), followed by Trichrome staining (13.4%) and formalin-ether sedimentation (11.2%) techniques. Single-round PCR detected 21.2% of the stool samples. The sensitivity and specificity of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques compared to the reference technique were 31.1% (95% CI: 29.0–36.0) and 94.2% (95% CI: 89.8–98.9), and 53.8% (95% CI: 46.0–76.2) and 97.5% (95% CI: 92.8–99.1), respectively. However, the sensitivity [59.4% (95% CI: 48.9–78.5)] of the method increased when both techniques were performed together, but the specificity decreased to 92.4% (95% CI: 81.0–98.0). The agreement between the reference technique, Trichrome staining and combination techniques were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Trichrome staining: K = 0.592, p K = 0.543, p E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii infections either for clinical or epidemiological study.
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Evaluation of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques: Its effectiveness in detecting Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii in stool samples
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2013Co-Authors: Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Hesham M. Al-mekhlafi, Fatmah Md Salleh, Mohamed Kamel Abdul Ghani, Siti Nor Azreen, Edariah Abu Bakar, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate two routinely microscopic diagnostic methods in comparison with single-round PCR assay as the reference technique to detect Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii . Examination was performed on 500 stool samples obtained from Orang Asli communities in different states of Malaysia using formalin-ether sedimentation, Trichrome staining and single-round PCR techniques. Ninety-three stool samples were detected E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii positive by routine microscopy, while single-round PCR detected 106 positive samples. Additional positives detected by PCR assay were eventually confirmed to be negative by both microscopic techniques. Detection rate of E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii was highest in combination techniques (18.6%), followed by Trichrome staining (13.4%) and formalin-ether sedimentation (11.2%) techniques. Single-round PCR detected 21.2% of the stool samples. The sensitivity and specificity of formalin-ether sedimentation and Trichrome staining techniques compared to the reference technique were 31.1% (95% CI: 29.0–36.0) and 94.2% (95% CI: 89.8–98.9), and 53.8% (95% CI: 46.0–76.2) and 97.5% (95% CI: 92.8–99.1), respectively. However, the sensitivity [59.4% (95% CI: 48.9–78.5)] of the method increased when both techniques were performed together, but the specificity decreased to 92.4% (95% CI: 81.0–98.0). The agreement between the reference technique, Trichrome staining and combination techniques were statistically significant by Kappa statistics (Trichrome staining: K = 0.592, p K = 0.543, p E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii infections either for clinical or epidemiological study.
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wintergreen oil a novel method in wheatley s Trichrome staining technique
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2012Co-Authors: Fatmah Md Salleh, Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Azlin Mohd Yasin, Norhayati MoktarAbstract:Permanent staining of faecal smears by Wheatley's Trichrome technique has been used by many scientists for the detection of parasites in the past and it was found to be highly sensitive. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of Wintergreen oil in comparison with xylene in Wheatley's Trichrome staining technique, as the reference technique. In a blind comparison study, 500 collected faecal samples from aboriginal communities were examined. Wintergreen oil was found to be more superior than xylene as a clearing agent in the Wheatley's Trichrome staining of polyvinyl alcohol-fixed faecal smears for the identification of intestinal protozoa. Elimination of toxic, carcinogenic, and fire hazards makes Wintergreen oil the preferred choice in routine parasitology examinations.
Yi Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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image analysis of liver collagen using sirius red is more accurate and correlates better with serum fibrosis markers than Trichrome
Liver International, 2013Co-Authors: Yi Huang, Bastiaan W De Boer, Leon A Adams, Gerry Macquillan, Enrico Rossi, Paul Rigby, Spiro RaftopoulosAbstract:Background Collagen proportional area (CPA) determined by quantitative digital image analysis better quantifies liver fibrosis than histological stage; however, its clinical use has been limited by non-standardized methods. Aim This study aimed to compare CPA obtained using different staining methods, magnifications and biopsy sizes. Methods Two hundred and forty-nine patients with chronic hepatitis C who had a liver biopsy and serum fibrosis markers performed were included. CPA was measured either using a sirius red (CPAs) or a Trichrome (CPAt) stain. Results CPAs measured at 20× and 40× magnifications generated similar outcomes with interclass correlation (ICC) coefficient of 0.98. Compared with Trichrome, sirius red staining had much less variation with an ICC coefficient of 0.99 for slides stained in the same batch and 0.92 in different batches. Mean CPAs was higher than mean CPAt by 3.53%, P < 0.001. Morphological analysis found that sirius red detected delicate fibrous septa and spurs better than Trichrome. Both CPAs and CPAt correlated well with Metavir stage, whereas CPAs had better ability to detect cirrhosis with the area under ROC curve of 0.95. Overall CPA had superior correlation with serum markers of fibrosis in Metavir F2–F4 than that in F0–F1 and CPAs correlated better with serum fibrosis markers than CPAt in Metavir F0–F1. Multivairate analysis found that HA, α2-macroglobulin, platelet count and albumin were independently correlated with CPAs and only HA was independently correlated with CPAt. Conclusions Sirius red staining for CPA determination was more accurate and reliable for quantifying hepatic collagen compared with Trichrome staining.
Carol J Elder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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justification for use of a single Trichrome stain as the sole means for routine detection of intestinal parasites in concentrated stool specimens
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 1999Co-Authors: James A Kellogg, Carol J ElderAbstract:Of 12,321 stool samples analyzed over a 6-year interval, 870 (7.1%) were positive for a total of 1,019 parasites, of which 1,011 (99.2%) were found in Trichrome-stained smears of unconcentrated specimens while only 479 (47.0%) were detected in iodine-stained smears of concentrated samples. Stool specimens were next analyzed by Trichrome staining of both unconcentrated and concentrated specimens preserved in either mercury-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or cupric PVA. Of 2,198 specimens, 171 (7.8%) were positive for a total of 208 parasites, 192 (92.3%) and 204 (98.1%) of which were found in the unconcentrated and concentrated specimens, respectively (P < 0.05). In our patient population, examination of a single Trichrome-stained smear of a concentrated stool specimen is a cost-effective alternative to routinely analyzing both concentrated and unconcentrated specimens for parasites.
