Triticum Durum

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Ipk Genebank - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

C. Floris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Natural Ageing: Poly(A) Polymerase in Germinating Embryos of Triticum Durum Wheat
    Annals of Botany, 1995
    Co-Authors: Isa Grilli, Carmelina Spanò, E Bacci, Tiziana Lombardi, C. Floris
    Abstract:

    Abstract The viability of seeds is associated with ageing and storage conditions. A loss of viability is accompanied by slow germination, reduced growth, and a decline in protein and poly(A)+RNA synthesis. This paper reports on the activity of poly(A) polymerase in dry and germinating embryos of Triticum Durum Desf. cv. Cappelli caryopses of different ages and viability. The enzyme was present as a single form during ageing and germination. The poly(A) polymerase was active at decreasing levels in all aged dry embryos, in parallel with loss of viability. Its activity strongly increased during the germination only in viable embryos. The observed increase was due to de novo synthesis of the enzyme. Poly(A) polymerase synthesis was low during germination of less viable embryos and absent in older ones. Reduced poly(A) polymerase activity in dry or germinated wheat embryos may cause a shortening of poly(A) chains in vitro and a decline in poly(A)+RNA synthesis.

  • Response of Meristematic Cells to Osmotic Stress in Triticum Durum
    Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen, 1991
    Co-Authors: Maria Beatrice Bitonti, C. Floris, F. Ferraro, A. M. Innocenti
    Abstract:

    Summary Triticum Durum roots grown in mannitol solutions (0.55 M) show a reduced length when compared with control roots kept in water. A considerable decrease of both mitotic index and labelling index in the root meristem suggests that the osmotic stress induces a substantial lowering of proliferating activity, whereas a fraction of meristematic cells progress all the same into the cell cycle. Mannitol treatment also induces an alteration of the relative proportion in G1, S and G 2 phases of the root meristematic cells. After a recovery period in water the percentage of cells in the S phase is quite restored and exceedes the control values. The significance of the effects produced by these stressful conditions onto the proliferating activity is discussed in view of the reported results.

Isa Grilli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Ribonucleases during ripening and after-ripening in Triticum Durum embryos
    Journal of Plant Physiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Isa Grilli, P. Meletti, Carmelina Spanò
    Abstract:

    Summary Total and polyadenylated RNA content changes during ripening and after-ripening in embryos of Triticum Durum cv. Cappelli. In this work, RNase activity was studied by means of enzymatic assays and activity staining SDS-PAGE in embryos at different stages of maturation and after-ripening. Qualitative and quantitative changes of RNases were found. Of particular interest was the continuous presence of acidic RNase in embryos, and the disappearance of neutral RNase activities during after ripening. Salt-inhibited RNases disappeared 42 days after anthesis, while salt-stimulated RNases with higher mobility disappeared in fully ripened embryos. Salt-stimulated RNases with lower mobility disappeared during after-ripening. The disappearance of neutral RNase activities during ripening may be related to the different physiological status induced by dehydration.

  • Natural Ageing: Poly(A) Polymerase in Germinating Embryos of Triticum Durum Wheat
    Annals of Botany, 1995
    Co-Authors: Isa Grilli, Carmelina Spanò, E Bacci, Tiziana Lombardi, C. Floris
    Abstract:

    Abstract The viability of seeds is associated with ageing and storage conditions. A loss of viability is accompanied by slow germination, reduced growth, and a decline in protein and poly(A)+RNA synthesis. This paper reports on the activity of poly(A) polymerase in dry and germinating embryos of Triticum Durum Desf. cv. Cappelli caryopses of different ages and viability. The enzyme was present as a single form during ageing and germination. The poly(A) polymerase was active at decreasing levels in all aged dry embryos, in parallel with loss of viability. Its activity strongly increased during the germination only in viable embryos. The observed increase was due to de novo synthesis of the enzyme. Poly(A) polymerase synthesis was low during germination of less viable embryos and absent in older ones. Reduced poly(A) polymerase activity in dry or germinated wheat embryos may cause a shortening of poly(A) chains in vitro and a decline in poly(A)+RNA synthesis.

Oussama Oueslati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Allelopathy in two Durum wheat (Triticum Durum L.) varieties
    Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2003
    Co-Authors: Oussama Oueslati
    Abstract:

    Abstract Two varieties of Durum wheat ( Triticum Durum L.), ‘Karim’ and ‘Om rabii’ commonly used in northern Tunisia were grown to maturity. Their allelopathic effects were measured in terms of germination rate and radicel length of a barley variety ‘Manel’ ( Hordeum vulgare L.) and a bread wheat variety ‘Ariana’ ( Triticum aestivum L.). Diluted extracts of roots, leaves and stems of Durum wheat were applied to seeds of the test varieties. Leaf extracts of Durum wheat depressed the germination rate, radicels also being susceptible to Durum wheat extracts. The allelopathy of Durum wheat varied with the source of extracts, leaf extracts being the most active. Results suggest that Durum wheat allelopathy takes the form of heterotoxicity, depressive to crops in a sequence.

Ye. Тuruspekov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Assessment of the genetic diversity of Durum wheat cultivars (Triticum Durum Desf.) using microsatellite markers.
    Experimental Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sh. Anuarbek, Kazakhstan Biotechnology, S. Abugalieva, Ye. Тuruspekov
    Abstract:

    Durum wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) is an important crop both in the world and in Kazakhstan.  Durum wheat is used as a valuable raw material in bakery and pasta production. Effective breeding strategies require knowledge of the genetic diversity level of cultivars. Polymorphism of the twenty-nine Durum cultivars was analyzed using 7 microsatellite markers. The total number of alleles was 20 and the effective allele number was an average of 2.8. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) value was 0.3658 and ranged from 0.1267 in Xgwm219 to 0.5457 in Xgwm247. The genetic diversity indices of Shannon and Nei were equal to 0.7174, 0.4243, respectively. The level of genetic diversity was relatively high. The genetic distance between cultivars was calculated. Also, with the help of microsatellite markers, a cluster analysis of the studied cultivars was conducted. The results of the study make it possible to assess the level of genetic polymorphism in the studied cultivars and indicate that the used markers are informative. Polymorphic markers were selected for the following studies on the Durum genetic diversity. The obtained information will be used in breeding programs aimed at increasing yield and adaptability of Durum wheat. Key words: Triticum Durum, genetic resources, genetic diversity, microsatellites, SSR.

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