The Experts below are selected from a list of 288 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yuan Huiyan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of water retaining agent on soil water content and several warm season Turf Grasses seed germination
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2010Co-Authors: Yuan HuiyanAbstract:[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of different water retaining agents on soil water content and several warm-season Turf Grasses seed germination.[Method] Through cultivating two warm-season Turf Grasses in basin,the effects of different water retaining agents on seed germination were studied.[Result] The seed germination rate of Cynodon dactylo and Trifolium pretense improved obviously,were 17.78% and 82.22% respectively,and the growth of seedlings was faster.On drought conditions,using appropriate concentration water retaining agent could improve the soil water content,and Turf grass seed germination and growth were accelerated.[Conclusion] This result provides some reference for landscape application of water retaining agent.
James E Dombrowski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transcriptome analysis of the model grass lolium temulentum exposed to green leaf volatiles
BMC Plant Biology, 2019Co-Authors: James E Dombrowski, Brent Kronmiller, Vicky G Hollenbeck, Adelaide C Rhodes, John A Henning, Ruth C MartinAbstract:Forage and Turf Grasses are routinely cut and grazed upon throughout their lifecycle. When Grasses are cut or damaged, they rapidly release a volatile chemical cocktail called green leaf volatiles (GLV). Previously we have shown that mechanical wounding or exposure to GLV released from cut grass, activated a Lt 46 kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) within 3 min and a 44 kDa MAPK within 15–20 min in the model grass species Lolium temulentum (Lt). Currently very little is known concerning the perception, signaling or molecular responses associated with wound stress in Grasses. Since GLV are released during wounding, we wanted to investigate what genes and signaling pathways would be induced in undamaged plants exposed to GLV. RNA-Seq generated transcriptome of Lolium plants exposed to GLV identified 4308 up- and 2794 down-regulated distinct differentially-expressed sequences (DES). Gene Ontology analysis revealed a strong emphasis on signaling, response to stimulus and stress related categories. Transcription factors and kinases comprise over 13% of the total DES found in the up-regulated dataset. The analysis showed a strong initial burst within the first hour of GLV exposure with over 60% of the up-regulated DES being induced. Specifically sequences annotated for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid and other plant hormones, mitogen-activated protein kinases and WRKY transcription factors were identified. Interestingly, eleven DES for ferric reductase oxidase, an enzyme involved in iron uptake and transport, were exclusively found in the down-regulated dataset. Twelve DES of interest were selected for qRT-PCR analysis; all displayed a rapid induction one hour after GLV exposure and were also strongly induced by mechanical wounding. The information gained from the analysis of this transcriptome and previous studies suggests that GLV released from cut Grasses transiently primes an undamaged plant’s wound stress pathways for potential oncoming damage, and may have a dual role for inter- as well as intra-plant signaling.
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Virus induced gene silencing in Lolium temulentum
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2013Co-Authors: Ruth C Martin, Kira Glover-cutter, Robert R. Martin, James E DombrowskiAbstract:Lolium temulentum L. is valuable as a model species for studying abiotic stress in closely related forage and Turf Grasses, many of which are polyploid outcrossing species. As with most monocot species, Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of L. temulentum is still challenging, time consuming and inefficient. The aim of this study was to use the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) vector to develop a virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) system in L. temulentum to facilitate functional gene analysis. Plants infected with the BSMV vector containing a small region of the L. temulentum phytoene desaturase ( PDS ) gene, which is commonly used as a phenotypic marker in VIGS studies, displayed the characteristic albino phenotype observed in PDS silenced plants. Decreased PDS gene expression in these albino leaves was also confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. To evaluate the utility of using the VIGS vector for gene interactions in L. temulentum , a region of the translation factor eIF4A gene was incorporated into the VIGS vector. Inoculation of young seedlings with this modified vector resulted in a partial reduction in the expression of eIF4A suggesting that this vector will be a useful tool to examine gene interactions in L. temulentum .
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wounding systemically activates a mitogen activated protein kinase in forage and Turf Grasses
Plant Science, 2011Co-Authors: James E Dombrowski, Ruth C Martin, Sarah R Hind, Johannes W StratmannAbstract:Forage and Turf Grasses are continually cut and grazed by livestock, however very little is known concerning the perception or molecular responses to wounding. Mechanical wounding rapidly activated a 46 kDa and a 44 kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in six different grass species. In the model grass species Lolium temulentum, the 46 kDa MAPK was rapidly activated within 5 min of wounding both locally and systemically in an adjacent unwounded tiller. This indicates that wounding generates a rapidly propagated long-distance signal that activates a MAPK in the distal portions of the plant. This 46 kDa MAPK activity was not enhanced by the addition of the pathogen-associated signal salicylic acid (SA) to the wound site nor induced when exposed to methyl jasmonate (MJ), which is a potent inducer of the wound response in dicotyledonous plants. However, pretreatment with MJ increased the wound-induced activity of the 44 kDa MAPK over the activity in control plants.
Ruth C Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transcriptome analysis of the model grass lolium temulentum exposed to green leaf volatiles
BMC Plant Biology, 2019Co-Authors: James E Dombrowski, Brent Kronmiller, Vicky G Hollenbeck, Adelaide C Rhodes, John A Henning, Ruth C MartinAbstract:Forage and Turf Grasses are routinely cut and grazed upon throughout their lifecycle. When Grasses are cut or damaged, they rapidly release a volatile chemical cocktail called green leaf volatiles (GLV). Previously we have shown that mechanical wounding or exposure to GLV released from cut grass, activated a Lt 46 kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) within 3 min and a 44 kDa MAPK within 15–20 min in the model grass species Lolium temulentum (Lt). Currently very little is known concerning the perception, signaling or molecular responses associated with wound stress in Grasses. Since GLV are released during wounding, we wanted to investigate what genes and signaling pathways would be induced in undamaged plants exposed to GLV. RNA-Seq generated transcriptome of Lolium plants exposed to GLV identified 4308 up- and 2794 down-regulated distinct differentially-expressed sequences (DES). Gene Ontology analysis revealed a strong emphasis on signaling, response to stimulus and stress related categories. Transcription factors and kinases comprise over 13% of the total DES found in the up-regulated dataset. The analysis showed a strong initial burst within the first hour of GLV exposure with over 60% of the up-regulated DES being induced. Specifically sequences annotated for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid and other plant hormones, mitogen-activated protein kinases and WRKY transcription factors were identified. Interestingly, eleven DES for ferric reductase oxidase, an enzyme involved in iron uptake and transport, were exclusively found in the down-regulated dataset. Twelve DES of interest were selected for qRT-PCR analysis; all displayed a rapid induction one hour after GLV exposure and were also strongly induced by mechanical wounding. The information gained from the analysis of this transcriptome and previous studies suggests that GLV released from cut Grasses transiently primes an undamaged plant’s wound stress pathways for potential oncoming damage, and may have a dual role for inter- as well as intra-plant signaling.
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Virus induced gene silencing in Lolium temulentum
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2013Co-Authors: Ruth C Martin, Kira Glover-cutter, Robert R. Martin, James E DombrowskiAbstract:Lolium temulentum L. is valuable as a model species for studying abiotic stress in closely related forage and Turf Grasses, many of which are polyploid outcrossing species. As with most monocot species, Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of L. temulentum is still challenging, time consuming and inefficient. The aim of this study was to use the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) vector to develop a virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) system in L. temulentum to facilitate functional gene analysis. Plants infected with the BSMV vector containing a small region of the L. temulentum phytoene desaturase ( PDS ) gene, which is commonly used as a phenotypic marker in VIGS studies, displayed the characteristic albino phenotype observed in PDS silenced plants. Decreased PDS gene expression in these albino leaves was also confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. To evaluate the utility of using the VIGS vector for gene interactions in L. temulentum , a region of the translation factor eIF4A gene was incorporated into the VIGS vector. Inoculation of young seedlings with this modified vector resulted in a partial reduction in the expression of eIF4A suggesting that this vector will be a useful tool to examine gene interactions in L. temulentum .
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wounding systemically activates a mitogen activated protein kinase in forage and Turf Grasses
Plant Science, 2011Co-Authors: James E Dombrowski, Ruth C Martin, Sarah R Hind, Johannes W StratmannAbstract:Forage and Turf Grasses are continually cut and grazed by livestock, however very little is known concerning the perception or molecular responses to wounding. Mechanical wounding rapidly activated a 46 kDa and a 44 kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in six different grass species. In the model grass species Lolium temulentum, the 46 kDa MAPK was rapidly activated within 5 min of wounding both locally and systemically in an adjacent unwounded tiller. This indicates that wounding generates a rapidly propagated long-distance signal that activates a MAPK in the distal portions of the plant. This 46 kDa MAPK activity was not enhanced by the addition of the pathogen-associated signal salicylic acid (SA) to the wound site nor induced when exposed to methyl jasmonate (MJ), which is a potent inducer of the wound response in dicotyledonous plants. However, pretreatment with MJ increased the wound-induced activity of the 44 kDa MAPK over the activity in control plants.
D. Bradley Rowe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Salt tolerance of common green roof and green wall plants
Urban Ecosystems, 2011Co-Authors: Leigh J. Whittinghill, D. Bradley RoweAbstract:Detrimental effects of road deicing salt on vegetation are well known and have been well studied, with the exception of typical green roof plants, which could experience damage on green roofs with public access and green walls near roadways in cold climates. Two studies were conducted comparing salt tolerance of five Sedum species, two Allium species and a mixture of Turf Grasses when exposed to six levels of salinity applied either as foliar spray or as liquid applications to the soil. A third study compared salt tolerance when plants were placed at three distances from a major highway. Response variables measured included survival, a health score from 0 to 5, and a growth index. Allium cernuum, A. senscens and S. ellecombianum were relatively tolerant of both saline spray and soil inundation at high saline concentrations in terms of survival, mean health scores, percentage of healthy plants and growth index. Sedum reflexum was much less tolerant of saline spray at higher salinity concentrations and soil inundation regardless of salinity levels. Distance from the road had no effect on plant survival rates but plants farthest from the road had higher mean health scores and a greater percentage of healthy plants than plants closer to the highway.
Yin Weilun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of water stress on photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence in four Turf Grasses
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2007Co-Authors: Yin WeilunAbstract:Effects of water stress on photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence in four Turf Grasses(Award,Starlet,Accent and Bonsai2000) were studied.The contents of Chla,Chlb and Car of the 4 Grasses changed little at the beginning while decreased except for Bonsai2000 at last,which showed that Turf Grasses tested had a high adaptability to water stress.The chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetic parameters(Fo,Fm,Fv,and Fv/Fm) changed differently in direction or degree.The correlation analysis indicated the content of Car and chl a deeply influenced the chlorophyll fluorescence.
