The Experts below are selected from a list of 5965503 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kashif Ishaque - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an accurate and fast computational algorithm for the two diode Model of pv module based on a hybrid method
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017Co-Authors: Vun Jack Chin, Zainal Salam, Kashif IshaqueAbstract:This paper proposes an improved hybrid method to compute the parameters of the Two-Diode Model of photovoltaic (PV) module. Unlike previous methods, it attains the speed of the analytical approach by utilizing only datasheet information. Furthermore, its accuracy is not compromised as it does not require simplifications in its computation. Four parameters are determined analytically, while the remaining three are optimized by using an evolutionary algorithm, i.e., the differential evolution. The speed is improved because the parameters are optimized only once, i.e., at standard test condition, while the values at other conditions are computed analytically. Furthermore, a procedure to guide the initial conditions of the Newton–Raphson iteration is introduced. For validation, the algorithm is compared to other established computational methods for mono-, polycrystalline, and thin film modules. When evaluated against the experimental data, the mean absolute error is improved by one order of magnitude, while the speed is increased by approximately threefold. The standard deviation of the decision parameters over 100 independent runs is less than 0.1—which suggests that the optimization process is very consistent. Due to its speed and accuracy, the method is envisaged to be useful as a computational engine in PV simulator.
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An accurate Modelling of the Two-Diode Model of PV module using a hybrid solution based on differential evolution
Energy Conversion and Management, 2016Co-Authors: Vun Jack Chin, Zainal Salam, Kashif IshaqueAbstract:This paper proposes an accurate computational technique for the Two-Diode Model of PV module. Unlike previous methods, it does not rely on assumptions that cause the accuracy to be compromised. The key to this improvement is the implementation of a hybrid solution, i.e. by incorporating the analytical method with the differential evolution (DE) optimization technique. Three parameters, i.e. IPV, Io1, and Rp are computed analytically, while the remaining, a1, a2, Io2 and Rs are optimized using the DE. To validate its accuracy, the proposed method is tested on three PV modules of different technologies: mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline and thin film. Furthermore, its performance is evaluated against two popular computational methods for the Two-Diode Model. The proposed method is found to exhibit superior accuracy for the variation in irradiance and temperature for all module types. In particular, the improvement in accuracy is evident at low irradiance conditions; the root-mean-square error is one order of magnitude lower than that of the other methods. In addition, the values of the Model parameters are consistent with the physics of PV cell. It is envisaged that the method can be very useful for PV simulation, in which accuracy of the Model is of prime concern.
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parameter extraction of solar photovoltaic modules using penalty based differential evolution
Applied Energy, 2012Co-Authors: Zainal Salam, Kashif Ishaque, Saad Mekhilef, Amir ShamsudinAbstract:This paper proposes a penalty based differential evolution (P-DE) for extracting the parameters of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules at different environmental conditions. The two diode Model of a solar cell is used as the basis for the extraction problem. The analyses carried out using synthetic current–voltage (I–V) data set showed that the proposed P-DE outperforms other Evolutionary Algorithm methods, namely the simulated annealing (SA), genetic algorithm (GA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). P-DE consistently converges to the global optimum values very rapidly. The performances are evaluated using the well known quality test and student T-tests. Furthermore, the P-DE extraction method is practically validated by six solar modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline, and thin-film). The results were found to be in close agreement with the experimental I–V data set, especially at very low irradiance values. The latter can be very useful in predicting the performance of the solar system under partial shading conditions. The main application of the proposed work is the possibility of developing a highly accurate simulator for solar PV system designer.
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a critical evaluation of ea computational methods for photovoltaic cell parameter extraction based on two diode Model
Solar Energy, 2011Co-Authors: Kashif Ishaque, Zainal Salam, Hamed Taheri, Amir ShamsudinAbstract:Due to its ability to handle nonlinear functions regardless of the derivatives information, evolutionary algorithms (EA) are envisaged to be very effective for extracting parameter of photovoltaic (PV) cell. This paper presents critical evaluation of the parameters extraction of two diode PV Model using three EA methods, namely Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE). For DE, two variations are proposed: (1) boundary based differential evolution (B-DE) and (2) penalty based differential evolution (P-DE). The performance of each method is evaluated based on several factors: accuracy and consistency of solution; speed of convergence; computational efficiency and the required number of control parameters. Comparisons are carried out using synthetic data and are validated by six PV modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline, and thin-film) from various manufacturers. Information derived from these critical evaluations can be useful to determine the best computational method to build an efficient and accurate PV system simulator.
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a comprehensive matlab simulink pv system simulator with partial shading capability based on two diode Model
Solar Energy, 2011Co-Authors: Kashif Ishaque, Zainal SalamAbstract:Abstract This paper proposes a comprehensive MATLAB Simulink simulator for photovoltaic (PV) system. The simulator utilizes a new Two-Diode Model to represent the PV cell. This Model is known to have better accuracy at low irradiance level that allows for a more accurate prediction of PV system performance during partial shading condition. To reduce computational time, only four parameters are extracted for the Model. The values of R p and R s are computed by an efficient iteration method. Furthermore, all the inputs to the simulators are information available on standard PV module datasheet. The simulator supports a large array combination that can be interfaced to MPPT algorithms and power electronic converters. The accurateness of the simulator is verified by applying the Model to five PV modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline, and thin-film) from various manufacturers. It is envisaged that the proposed work can be very useful for PV professionals who require simple, fast, and accurate PV simulator to design their systems. The developed simulator is freely available for download.
Zainal Salam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an accurate and fast computational algorithm for the two diode Model of pv module based on a hybrid method
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017Co-Authors: Vun Jack Chin, Zainal Salam, Kashif IshaqueAbstract:This paper proposes an improved hybrid method to compute the parameters of the Two-Diode Model of photovoltaic (PV) module. Unlike previous methods, it attains the speed of the analytical approach by utilizing only datasheet information. Furthermore, its accuracy is not compromised as it does not require simplifications in its computation. Four parameters are determined analytically, while the remaining three are optimized by using an evolutionary algorithm, i.e., the differential evolution. The speed is improved because the parameters are optimized only once, i.e., at standard test condition, while the values at other conditions are computed analytically. Furthermore, a procedure to guide the initial conditions of the Newton–Raphson iteration is introduced. For validation, the algorithm is compared to other established computational methods for mono-, polycrystalline, and thin film modules. When evaluated against the experimental data, the mean absolute error is improved by one order of magnitude, while the speed is increased by approximately threefold. The standard deviation of the decision parameters over 100 independent runs is less than 0.1—which suggests that the optimization process is very consistent. Due to its speed and accuracy, the method is envisaged to be useful as a computational engine in PV simulator.
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An accurate Modelling of the Two-Diode Model of PV module using a hybrid solution based on differential evolution
Energy Conversion and Management, 2016Co-Authors: Vun Jack Chin, Zainal Salam, Kashif IshaqueAbstract:This paper proposes an accurate computational technique for the Two-Diode Model of PV module. Unlike previous methods, it does not rely on assumptions that cause the accuracy to be compromised. The key to this improvement is the implementation of a hybrid solution, i.e. by incorporating the analytical method with the differential evolution (DE) optimization technique. Three parameters, i.e. IPV, Io1, and Rp are computed analytically, while the remaining, a1, a2, Io2 and Rs are optimized using the DE. To validate its accuracy, the proposed method is tested on three PV modules of different technologies: mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline and thin film. Furthermore, its performance is evaluated against two popular computational methods for the Two-Diode Model. The proposed method is found to exhibit superior accuracy for the variation in irradiance and temperature for all module types. In particular, the improvement in accuracy is evident at low irradiance conditions; the root-mean-square error is one order of magnitude lower than that of the other methods. In addition, the values of the Model parameters are consistent with the physics of PV cell. It is envisaged that the method can be very useful for PV simulation, in which accuracy of the Model is of prime concern.
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parameter extraction of solar photovoltaic modules using penalty based differential evolution
Applied Energy, 2012Co-Authors: Zainal Salam, Kashif Ishaque, Saad Mekhilef, Amir ShamsudinAbstract:This paper proposes a penalty based differential evolution (P-DE) for extracting the parameters of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules at different environmental conditions. The two diode Model of a solar cell is used as the basis for the extraction problem. The analyses carried out using synthetic current–voltage (I–V) data set showed that the proposed P-DE outperforms other Evolutionary Algorithm methods, namely the simulated annealing (SA), genetic algorithm (GA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). P-DE consistently converges to the global optimum values very rapidly. The performances are evaluated using the well known quality test and student T-tests. Furthermore, the P-DE extraction method is practically validated by six solar modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline, and thin-film). The results were found to be in close agreement with the experimental I–V data set, especially at very low irradiance values. The latter can be very useful in predicting the performance of the solar system under partial shading conditions. The main application of the proposed work is the possibility of developing a highly accurate simulator for solar PV system designer.
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a critical evaluation of ea computational methods for photovoltaic cell parameter extraction based on two diode Model
Solar Energy, 2011Co-Authors: Kashif Ishaque, Zainal Salam, Hamed Taheri, Amir ShamsudinAbstract:Due to its ability to handle nonlinear functions regardless of the derivatives information, evolutionary algorithms (EA) are envisaged to be very effective for extracting parameter of photovoltaic (PV) cell. This paper presents critical evaluation of the parameters extraction of two diode PV Model using three EA methods, namely Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE). For DE, two variations are proposed: (1) boundary based differential evolution (B-DE) and (2) penalty based differential evolution (P-DE). The performance of each method is evaluated based on several factors: accuracy and consistency of solution; speed of convergence; computational efficiency and the required number of control parameters. Comparisons are carried out using synthetic data and are validated by six PV modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline, and thin-film) from various manufacturers. Information derived from these critical evaluations can be useful to determine the best computational method to build an efficient and accurate PV system simulator.
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a comprehensive matlab simulink pv system simulator with partial shading capability based on two diode Model
Solar Energy, 2011Co-Authors: Kashif Ishaque, Zainal SalamAbstract:Abstract This paper proposes a comprehensive MATLAB Simulink simulator for photovoltaic (PV) system. The simulator utilizes a new Two-Diode Model to represent the PV cell. This Model is known to have better accuracy at low irradiance level that allows for a more accurate prediction of PV system performance during partial shading condition. To reduce computational time, only four parameters are extracted for the Model. The values of R p and R s are computed by an efficient iteration method. Furthermore, all the inputs to the simulators are information available on standard PV module datasheet. The simulator supports a large array combination that can be interfaced to MPPT algorithms and power electronic converters. The accurateness of the simulator is verified by applying the Model to five PV modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline, and thin-film) from various manufacturers. It is envisaged that the proposed work can be very useful for PV professionals who require simple, fast, and accurate PV simulator to design their systems. The developed simulator is freely available for download.
Hamed Taheri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a critical evaluation of ea computational methods for photovoltaic cell parameter extraction based on two diode Model
Solar Energy, 2011Co-Authors: Kashif Ishaque, Zainal Salam, Hamed Taheri, Amir ShamsudinAbstract:Due to its ability to handle nonlinear functions regardless of the derivatives information, evolutionary algorithms (EA) are envisaged to be very effective for extracting parameter of photovoltaic (PV) cell. This paper presents critical evaluation of the parameters extraction of two diode PV Model using three EA methods, namely Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Differential Evolution (DE). For DE, two variations are proposed: (1) boundary based differential evolution (B-DE) and (2) penalty based differential evolution (P-DE). The performance of each method is evaluated based on several factors: accuracy and consistency of solution; speed of convergence; computational efficiency and the required number of control parameters. Comparisons are carried out using synthetic data and are validated by six PV modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline, and thin-film) from various manufacturers. Information derived from these critical evaluations can be useful to determine the best computational method to build an efficient and accurate PV system simulator.
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Modeling and simulation of photovoltaic pv system during partial shading based on a two diode Model
Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 2011Co-Authors: Kashif Ishaque, Zainal Salam, Hamed TaheriAbstract:This paper proposes accurate partial shading Modeling of photovoltaic (PV) system. The main contribution of this work is the utilization of the Two-Diode Model to represent the PV cell. This Model requires only four parameters and known to have better accuracy at low irradiance level, allowing for more accurate prediction of PV system performance during partial shading condition. The proposed Model supports a large array simulation that can be interfaced with MPPT algorithms and power electronic converters. The accurateness of the Modeling technique is validated by real time simulator data and compared with the three other types of Modeling, namely Neural Network, P&O and single-diode Model. It is envisaged that the proposed work is very useful for PV professionals who require simple, fast and accurate PV Model to design their systems.
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accurate matlab simulink pv system simulator based on a two diode Model
Journal of Power Electronics, 2011Co-Authors: Kashif Ishaque, Zainal Salam, Hamed TaheriAbstract:This paper proposes a MATLAB Simulink simulator for photovoltaic (PV) systems. The main contribution of this work is the utilization of a Two-Diode Model to represent a PV cell. This Model is known to have better accuracy at low irradiance levels which allows for a more accurate prediction of PV system performance. To reduce computational time, the input parameters are reduced to four and the values of Rp and Rs are estimated by an efficient iteration method. Furthermore, all of the inputs to the simulator are information available on a standard PV module datasheet. The simulator supports large array simulations that can be interfaced with MPPT algorithms and power electronic converters. The accuracy of the simulator is verified by applying the Model to five PV modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline, and thin-film) from various manufacturers. It is envisaged that the proposed work can be very useful for PV professionals who require a simple, fast and accurate PV simulator to design their systems.
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simple fast and accurate two diode Model for photovoltaic modules
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2011Co-Authors: Kashif Ishaque, Zainal Salam, Hamed TaheriAbstract:Abstract This paper proposes an improved Modeling approach for the Two-Diode Model of photovoltaic (PV) module. The main contribution of this work is the simplification of the current equation, in which only four parameters are required, compared to six or more in the previously developed Two-Diode Models. Furthermore the values of the series and parallel resistances are computed using a simple and fast iterative method. To validate the accuracy of the proposed Model, six PV modules of different types (multi-crystalline, mono-crystalline and thin-film) from various manufacturers are tested. The performance of the Model is evaluated against the popular single diode Models. It is found that the proposed Model is superior when subjected to irradiance and temperature variations. In particular the Model matches very accurately for all important points of the I–V curves, i.e. the peak power, short-circuit current and open circuit voltage. The Modeling method is useful for PV power converter designers and circuit simulator developers who require simple, fast yet accurate Model for the PV module.
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An improved Two-Diode photovoltaic (PV) Model for PV system
2010 Joint International Conference on Power Electronics Drives and Energy Systems & 2010 Power India, 2010Co-Authors: Zainal Salam, Kashif Ishaque, Hamed TaheriAbstract:This paper proposes a MATLAB Simulink simulator for photovoltaic (PV) system. The main contribution of this work is the utilization of the Two-Diode Model to represent the PV cell. This Model is known to have better accuracy at low irradiance level which allows for a more accurate prediction of PV system performance. To reduce computational time, the input parameters are reduced to four and the values of Rp and Rs are estimated by an efficient iteration method. Furthermore, all the inputs to the simulator are information available on standard PV module datasheet. The simulator supports large array simulation that can be interfaced with MPPT algorithms and power electronic converters. The accurateness of the simulator is verified by applying the Model to two PV modules. It is envisaged that the proposed work can be very useful for PV professionals who require simple, fast and accurate PV simulator to design their systems.
Armin G. Aberle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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investigation of potential induced degradation in n pert bifacial silicon photovoltaic modules with a glass glass structure
IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 2018Co-Authors: Wei Luo, Armin G. Aberle, Yong Sheng Khoo, Jai Prakash Singh, Johnson Wong, Yan Wang, Seeram RamakrishnaAbstract:Potential-induced degradation (PID) in n-type passivated emitter, rear totally diffused (n-PERT) bifacial crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules with a glass/glass structure is investigated. From front-side measurements, a significant loss in the short-circuit current ( I sc) and a relatively smaller loss in the open-circuit voltage ( V oc) and fill factor (FF) are observed due to PID. A similar degradation behavior is observed from the rear side, except that there is negligible change in I sc. External quantum efficiency and photoluminescence measurements reveal that the losses in I sc and V oc are most likely due to an increase in the front surface recombination. FF loss analysis and Two-Diode Model fitting demonstrate that the FF loss is mainly attributed to an increased recombination in the space charge regions. Moreover, n-PERT bifacial silicon modules also suffer from PID when they are stressed from the rear side. Furthermore, some ethylene-vinyl acetate and polyolefin, which show high PID-resistance to conventional p-type technologies, are found to be not as effective in preventing PID in n-PERT technologies. However, a PID-free n-PERT bifacial module design is possible with the application of the sodium-free glass. Finally, the progression of PID is heavily dependent on the bias voltage and stress temperature.
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a fill factor loss analysis method for silicon wafer solar cells
IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 2013Co-Authors: Ankit Khanna, Bram Hoex, Thomas Mueller, Rolf Stangl, Prabir Kanti Basu, Armin G. AberleAbstract:The fill factor of silicon wafer solar cells is strongly influenced by recombination currents and ohmic resistances. A practical upper limit for the fill factor of crystalline silicon solar cells operating under low-level injection is set by recombination in the quasi-neutral bulk and at the two cell surfaces. Series resistance, shunt resistance, and additional recombination currents further lower the fill factor. For process optimization or loss analysis of solar cells, it is important to determine the influence of both ohmic and recombination loss mechanisms on the fill factor. In this paper, a method is described to quantify the loss in fill factor due to series resistance, shunt resistance, and additional recombination currents. Only the 1-Sun J-V curve, series resistance at the maximum power point, and shunt resistance need to be determined to apply the method. Application of the method is demonstrated on an 18.4% efficient inline-diffused p-type silicon wafer solar cell and a 21.1% efficient heterojunction n-type silicon wafer solar cell. Our analysis does not require J-V curve fitting to extract diode saturation current densities or ideality factor; however, the results are shown to be consistent with curve fitting results if the cell's Two-Diode Model parameters can be unambiguously determined by curve fitting.
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anomalous temperature dependence of diode saturation currents in polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells on glass
Journal of Applied Physics, 2009Co-Authors: Johnson Wong, Armin G. Aberle, Zi Ouyang, O Kunz, Jialiang Huang, S He, P I Widenborg, Mark J Keevers, Martin A GreenAbstract:Temperature dependent Suns-Voc measurements are performed on four types of polycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells on glass substrates, all of which are made by solid phase crystallization∕epitaxy of amorphous silicon from plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition or e-beam evaporation. Under the Two-Diode Model, the diode saturation currents corresponding to n=1 recombination processes for these polycrystalline silicon p‐n junction cells follow an Arrhenius law with activation energies about 0.15–0.18eV lower than that of single-crystal silicon p‐n diodes of 1.206eV, regardless of whether the cells have an n- or p-type base. This discrepancy manifests itself unambiguously in a reduced temperature sensitivity of the open-circuit voltage in thin-film polycrystalline silicon solar cells compared to single-crystal silicon cells with similar voltages. The physical origin of the lowered activation energy is attributed to subgap levels acting either as minority carrier traps or shallow recombination centers.
Zi Ouyang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of the absorber doping for p type polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells on glass prepared by electron beam evaporation and solid phase crystallization
Journal of Applied Physics, 2011Co-Authors: Zi Ouyang, O Kunz, A B Sproul, Sergey VarlamovAbstract:A systematic investigation of the influence of the absorber doping on the performance of planar, p-type, evaporated, solid-phase crystallized polycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells on glass is presented. It is found that the optimum Suns-Voc parameters (open-circuit voltage and pseudo fill factor) are achieved at intermediate absorber doping of Nabs∼1–2 × 1017 cm−3, while high short-circuit currents are achieved at the lowest absorber doping of Nabs ≤ 6 × 1015 cm−3. Since the short-circuit current is the dominating factor to achieve high conversion efficiencies for evaporated polycrystalline silicon cells, the maximum pseudo efficiencies are achieved at very low absorber doping. The Suns-Voc characteristics of lightly doped cells can be adequately described by a modified Two-Diode Model with n1=1 and n2≈1.5, which is in contrast to the value of 2 for n2 commonly quoted in the literature. PC1D Modeling demonstrates that such a low ideality factor for space charge region recombination can be Modeled ...
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anomalous temperature dependence of diode saturation currents in polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells on glass
Journal of Applied Physics, 2009Co-Authors: Johnson Wong, Armin G. Aberle, Zi Ouyang, O Kunz, Jialiang Huang, S He, P I Widenborg, Mark J Keevers, Martin A GreenAbstract:Temperature dependent Suns-Voc measurements are performed on four types of polycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells on glass substrates, all of which are made by solid phase crystallization∕epitaxy of amorphous silicon from plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition or e-beam evaporation. Under the Two-Diode Model, the diode saturation currents corresponding to n=1 recombination processes for these polycrystalline silicon p‐n junction cells follow an Arrhenius law with activation energies about 0.15–0.18eV lower than that of single-crystal silicon p‐n diodes of 1.206eV, regardless of whether the cells have an n- or p-type base. This discrepancy manifests itself unambiguously in a reduced temperature sensitivity of the open-circuit voltage in thin-film polycrystalline silicon solar cells compared to single-crystal silicon cells with similar voltages. The physical origin of the lowered activation energy is attributed to subgap levels acting either as minority carrier traps or shallow recombination centers.
